带接种疫苗和二次感染的年龄结构MSEIR流行病模型分析

本文讨论带二次感染和接种疫苗的年龄结构MSEIR流行病模型。在常数人口规模的假设下,运用微分方程和积分方程中的理论和方法,得到一个与接种疫苗策略ψ有关的再生数R(ψ)的表达式,证明了当R(ψ)<1时,无病平衡态是局部渐近稳定的;当R(ψ)>1时,无病平衡态是不稳定的,此时存在一个地方病平衡态,并且证明当R(0)<1时,无病平衡态是全局渐近稳定的。     

带有分布时滞和非线性发生率的媒介-宿主传染病模型全局稳定性(英文)

本文分析一类带有分布时滞和非线性发生率的媒介-宿主传染病动力学性质,得到模型基本再生数R0,发现系统中平衡态的全局动力学性质能够由基本再生数来完全确定:即,如果R01,无病平衡态是全局渐近稳定的;如果R01,则系统存在唯一地方病平衡态,并且该平衡态是全局渐近稳定的.     

具有急慢性阶段的SIS流行病模型的稳定性

本文系统研究了具有急性和慢性两个阶段的SIS流行病模型.由两节构成,第一节建立和研究了具有急性和慢性两个阶段的SIS流行病模型,该模型是由三个常微分方程构成的方程组;第二节在第一节的基础上建立和研究了具有慢性病病程的SIS流行病模型;该模型既含有常微分方程,又含有偏微分方程.假设所研究的国家或地区的总人口N(t)服从增长规律: N'(t)=A—μN(t),运用微分方程和积分方程中的理论和方法,得到了这两个模型再生数R0的表达式．证明了无病平衡态的全局渐近稳定性,给出了两模型地方病平衡态的存在性和稳定性条件．     

具有急慢性阶段的MSIS流行病模型阈值和稳定性结果

系统研究了具有急性和慢性两个阶段的MSIS流行病模型.由两节构成,第1节建立和研究了具有急慢性阶段的MSIS流行病模型;第2节在第1节的基础上建立和研究了具有慢性病病程的MSIS流行病模型.第1节的模型是四个常微分方程构成的方程组.第2节的模型既含有常微分方程,又含有偏微分方程.运用微分方程和积分方程中的理论和方法,得到了这两个模型再生数R0的表达式.证明了当R0<1时,无病平衡态是全局渐近稳定性,给出了各模型地方病平衡态的存在性和稳定性条件.     

HIV-1的表型间变异与免疫因子相互作用的动力学模型

该文建立了一个描述两种不同的 HIV-1 表型与细胞因子相互作用的动力学模型. 作者用K_m单调系统理论研究了 HIV-1 中两种不同表型:噬巨嗜细胞型 (NSI) 和嗜淋巴细胞型 (SI) 与两种在HIV感染过程中的重要指标性细胞因子:IL-2 和 CAF的发展趋势. 在 HIV-1 感染过程中,两种细胞表型与两种细胞因子之间形成了一种负反馈环. 用 Hill 函数表达这种负反馈作用. 结果表明模型的平衡态的数量为奇数个,它们之间满足一种K_m 偏序,并且第奇数个平衡态是渐近稳定的,而第偶数平衡态是不稳定的. 此外还得到了各个平衡态的吸引域. 其生物学的意义为:即使系统存在较低水平的平衡态, 感染后的病毒载量仍会趋向于一个较高的水平. 这个结论和临床研究的发现是一致的.     

血管外给药的非线性房室模型解的逼近

药物动力学模型的解析求解公式在新药设计特别是药物动力学参数确定等方面具有非常重要的意义.近年来,由于非线性米氏消除速率过程确定的药物动力学模型解析求解公式的获得,使得大多数单房室模型的解析解基本确定.但是,由于刻画血管外给药的非线性米氏药物动力学模型是一个非自治系统,进而不可能寻求其解析求解公式.该文的目的是讨论一次性血管外给药和周期血管外给药下非线性药物动力学模型解的逼近问题.采用微分方程和脉冲微分方程的比较定理并借助Lambert W函数的定义以及相关性质给出模型的不同上下界,估计模型解的逼近程度,并通过数值模拟进行验证.     

具有预防接种免疫力的双线性传染率SIR流行病模型全局稳定性

研究一类具有预防接种免疫力的双线性传染率 SIR流行病模型全局稳定性 ,找到了决定疾病灭绝和持续生存的阈值——基本再生数 R0 .当 R0 ≤ 1时 ,仅存在无病平衡态 E0 ;当 R0 >1时 ,存在唯一的地方病平衡态 E* 和无病平衡态 E0 .利用 Hurwitz判据及 Liapunov-Lasalle不变集原理可以得知 :当 R0 <1时 ,无病平衡态 E0 全局渐近稳定 ;当 R0 >1时 ,地方病平衡态 E*全局渐近稳定 ,无病平衡态 E0 不稳定 ;当 R0 =1时 ,计算机数值模拟结果显示 ,无病平衡态 E0 有可能是稳定的     

年龄结构CD4~+T-细胞模型复杂动力学分析

研究了一类年龄结构的CD4~+T-细胞模型.得到了控制HIV病毒扩散的阈值R_0.当R_01时,无病平衡点全局渐近稳定,病毒在人体内消除;当R_01,且-r+(2αrT~*)/(T_(max))0,地方病平衡点局部渐近稳定,病毒在人体内繁殖;当R_01,且-r+(2αrT~*)/(T_(max))0,系统由感染年龄而产生的复杂动力学行为,如Hopf分支,四周期解及混沌等.最后对模型的复杂动力学行为进行了数值模拟.     

总人口规模变化的年龄结构MSEIR流行病模型的再生数

在总人口规模变化和疾病影响死亡率的假设下,讨论了带二次感染和接种疫苗的年龄结构MSEIR流行病模型.首先给出再生数R(ψ,λ)(这里ψ(a)是接种疫苗率,λ是总人口的增长指数)的显式表达式.其次,证明了当R(ψ,λ)<1时,系统的无病平衡态是稳定的;当R(ψ,λ)>1时,无病平衡态是不稳定的.     

具有非单调发生率的传染病模型的动力学研究

假设恢复者所获得免疫力并不是永久的而是在一段时间后会减弱并丧失,建立了一类具有非单调发生率的传染病动力学方程.利用微分方程的基本理论和数值仿真的方法,将对此模型进行动力学性质的分析,得到无病平衡点稳定性和一致持久性的条件.对于该问题有效的措施,即研究使疾病以非单调发生率传染的情形,建立相应的SEIRS传染病模型,得到其无病平衡点的全局稳定性的与之条件以及系统一致持久的充分条件,并进行系统的数值仿真分析.     

一个关于肿瘤治疗的自由边界问题的数学分析

§1Introduction Avarietyofpartialdifferentialequationmodelsfortumorgrowthortherapyhave beendevelopedinthelastthreedecades[see2,3,16-18,21-26].Mostofthosemodelsare informoffreeboundaryproblems,andareverydiversified.Rigorousmathematical analysisofsuchfreeboundaryproblemshasdrawngreatinterest,andmanyinteresting resultshavebeenestablished[4-15].Inthispaperwedealwithamathematicalmodeldescribingtumorchemotherapy.In thismodelthetumorisviewedasdenselypacked,radially-symmetricsphereofradiusR(t)contain…     

Traveling waves in excitable media

We consider a two-component reaction-diffusion model that describes the oxygenation of CO molecules on the surface of platinum in the one-dimensional case. The partial differential equations of the model are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations. We show that the system of partial differential equations with fixed parameter values has a family of autowave solutions running along the spatial axis at various velocities. These solutions are described by some singular attractors and limit cycles of the corresponding period in the system of ordinary differential equations.     

Qualitative analysis of the invasion free boundary problem in biofilms

The work presents the qualitative analysis of the free boundary value problem related to the invasion model for multispecies biofilms. This model is based on the continuum approach for biofilm modeling and consists of a system of nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations for microbial species growth and spreading, a system of semilinear elliptic partial differential equations describing the substrate trends and a system of semilinear elliptic partial differential equations accounting for the diffusion and reaction of motile species within the biofilm. The free boundary evolution is regulated by a nonlinear ordinary differential equation. Overall, this leads to a free boundary value problem essentially hyperbolic. By using the method of characteristics, the partial differential equations constituting the invasion model are converted to Volterra integral equations. Then, the fixed point theorem is used for the uniqueness and existence result. The work is completed with numerical simulations describing the invasion of nitrite oxidizing bacteria in a biofilm initially constituted by ammonium oxidizing bacteria.     

求解非线性Black-Scholes模型的自适应小波精细积分法

针对非线性Black-Scholes方程,基于quasi-Shannon小波函数给出了一种求解非线性偏微分方程的自适应多尺度小波精细积分法.该方法首先利用插值小波理论构造了用于逼近连续函数的多尺度小波插值算子,利用该算子可以将非线性Black-Scholes方程自适应离散为非线性常微分方程组;然后将用于求解常微分方程组的精细积分法和小波变换的动态过程相结合,并利用非线性处理技术(如同伦分析技术)可有效求解非线性Black-Scholes方程.数值结果表明了该方法在数值精度和计算效率方面的优越性.     

A network model for incompressible two-fluid flow and its numerical solution

In this paper we consider an incompressible version of the two-fluid network model proposed by Porsching (Nu. Methods Part. Diff. Eq., 1 , 295–313 [1985]). The system of equations governing the model is a mixed system of differential and algebraic equations (DAEs). These DAEs are then recast, through proper transformation, into a system of ordinary differential equations on a submanifold of ?ⁿ, for which uniqueness, existence, and stability theorems are proved. Numerical simulations are presented.     

Method of lines for physiologically structured models with diffusion

We deal with a size-structured model with diffusion. Partial differential equations are approximated by a large system of ordinary differential equations. Due to a maximum principle for this approximation method its solutions preserve positivity and boundedness. We formulate theorems on stability of the method of lines and provide suitable numerical experiments.     

PIGS,PARTIES, AND NOISE: HOW STOCHASTICITY IMPACTS THE ROBUSTNESS OF THE TSEMBAGA CULTURAL PRACTICES

Abstract We present a probabilistic perspective on sustainable resource usage. A mathematical model is introduced to describe the interplay between a population and its renewable resource base. The amount of effort a society chooses to exert in harvesting its resource is formalized in the model. Using an indigenous population of slash and burn farmers as a case study, we derive a system of stochastic differential equations from a system of ordinary differential equations introduced by another author. The cultural mechanisms that help to stabilize the population in the deterministic system actually decrease the expected survival time in the stochastic system.     

Global dynamics analysis of a nonlinear impulsive stochastic chemostat system in a polluted environment

This paper intends to develop a new method to obtain the threshold of an impulsive stochastic chemostat model with saturated growth rate in a polluted environment. By using the theory of impulsive differential equations and stochastic differential equations, we obtain conditions for the extinction and the permanence of the microorganisms of the deterministic chemostat model and the stochastic chemostat model. We develop a new numerical computation method for impulsive stochastic differential system to simulate and illustrate our theoretical conclusions. The biological results show that a small stochastic disturbance can cause the microorganism to die out, that is, a permanent deterministic system can go to extinction under the white noise stochastic disturbance. The theoretical method can also be used to explore the threshold of some impulsive stochastic differential equations.     

An existence result for elliptic partial differential-algebraic equations arising in semiconductor modeling

We consider a system of partial differential-algebraic equations which model an electric network containing semiconductor devices. The zero-dimensional differential-algebraic network equations are coupled with multi-dimensional elliptic partial differential equations which model the devices. For this coupled system we prove an existence result.     

Infinite Systems of Hyperbolic Functional Differential Equations

We consider initial-value problems for infinite systems of first-order partial functional differential equations. The unknown function is the functional argument in equations and the partial derivations appear in the classical sense. A theorem on the existence of a solution and its continuous dependence upon initial data is proved. The Cauchy problem is transformed into a system of functional integral equations. The existence of a solution of this system is proved by using integral inequalities and the iterative method. Infinite differential systems with deviated argument and differential integral systems can be derived from the general model by specializing given operators.