食饵种群具有常数设放率的捕食—食饵模型分支问题

本文研究了食饵种群具有常数投放率的捕食－食饵模型：｛ｄｘ／ｄｔ＝ｂｘ＾２／Ｎ＋ｘ（１－ｘ／ｋ）－βｘｙ＋ｈｄｙ／ｄｔ＝－ｃｙ＋ｄｘｙ（１）的分支问题。详细讨论了其退化情形（Ｎ＞＞Ｋ）：｛ｄｘ／ｄｔ＝ｂｘ＾２（１－ｘ／ｋ）－βｘｙ＋ｈｄｙ／ｄｔ＝－ｃｙ＋ｄｘｙ的极限环存在性、唯一性以及正平衡点全局稳定性，并通过参数区域图进一步说明了参数的变化范围。并通过Ｈｏｐｆ分支得到至少存在两个极限环的结果。     

一类具时滞的生理模型的Hopf分支

本文研究了一类简化的具时滞的生理模型的稳定性和Ｈｏｐｆ分支．首先,以滞量为参数,应用Ｃｏｏｋｅ的方法,把Ｒ＾＋分为两个区间,使当滞量属于相应区间时,所考虑的模型的平凡解是稳定或不稳定的,同时得到了Ｈｏｐｆ分支值．然后,应用中心流形和规范型理论,得到了关于确定Ｈｏｐｆ分支方向和分支周期解的稳定性的计算公式．最后,应用Ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃａ软件进行了数值模拟。     

改进的R.Nevanlinna第二基本定理

设ｆ（ｚ）是超越亚纯函数，ｎ为任一非负整数，ε为任意正数，ａ＾（ｉ）ｒ＝（ｖ＝１，２，…，ｑｉ，ｉ＝０，１，…，ｎ）均为有穷非零复数，满足ｍｉｎ／１≤ｖ１＜ｖ２≤ｑｉ｜ａ＾（ｉ）ｖ１－ａ＾（ｉ）ｖ２｜≥δ＞０，ｉ＝０，１，…，ｎ。若ｆ（０）≠０，∞，П＾ｎｉ＝１ｆ（ｉ）（０）≠０，则对０＜ｒ＜＋∞有ｍ（ｒ，ｆ）＋ｍ（ｒ，１／ｆ）＋Σ＾ｕｉ＝０Σ＾ｑｉｒ＝１ｍ（ｒ，ａ＾（ｉ）ｖ，ｆ＾（ｉ）≤（２＋ε     

费尔马最后定理的证明

（ｉ）我们用（ｘ－ｂ）ｎ＋ｘｎ＝（ｘ＋ａ）来代替ｘｎ＋ｙｎ＝ｚｎ作为费尔马最后定理（ＦＬＴ）的普遍方程式．其中ａ及ｂ是两个任意自然数．应用二项展开式，（０．１）可以写成因为ａｒ－（－ｂ）ｒ始终包含ａ＋ｂ作为它的因数，（０．２）可写成其中фｒ＝［ａｒ－（－ｂ）ｒ］／（ａ＋ｂ）对于ｒ＝１，２，…，ｎ．都是个整数．（ｉｉ）令ｓ是ａ＋ｂ的一个因数，并令ａ＋ｂ＝ｓｃ．我们可用ｘ＝ｓｙ来变换（０．３）成为下列（０．４）（ｉｉｉ）将（０．４）除以Ｓ２，我们得（０．５）式的左边，是的整系数多项式，而右边ｃф／ｓ是个常数Ｃф／ｓ．若Ｃф／ｓ不是个整数，那末我们不能求得能适合（０．５）的整数ｙ，这样ＦＬＴ对这场合是对问．若Ｃфｎ／ｓ是个整数，我们可以改变ｓ和ｃ，使ｃф／ｓ≠整数。     

数学竞赛之窗

有关本栏的稿件,请直接寄给主持人熊斌（２０００６２,华东师大数学系）,或冯志刚（２００２３１,上海市上海中学）．提供试题及解答请尽量注明出处．３９届ＩＭＯ预选题解答（二）肖韧吾９设ａ１,ａ２,…,ａｎ为正实数,满足ａ１＋ａ２＋…＋ａｎ＜１．证明　ａ１ａ２…ａｎ（１－（ａ１＋ａ２＋…＋ａｎ））（ａ１＋ａ２＋…＋ａｎ）（１－ａ１）（１－ａ２）…（１－ａｎ）≤１ｎｎ＋１．１０设ｒ１,ｒ２,…,ｒｎ为大于或等于１的实数,证明　　　１ｒ１＋１＋１ｒ２＋１＋…＋１ｒｎ＋１　　≥ｎｎｒ１ｒ２…ｒｎ＋１．１…     

整体思想在复数中的运用

整体思想在复数中的运用６２１１００四州省三台中学李志荣复数ａ＋ｂｉ与有序实数对（ａ，ｂ）、复数ｒ（ｃｏｓθ＋ｉｓｉｎθ）（ｒ≥０，θ∈［０，２π）且规定：ｒ＝０时，θ＝０）与实数对（ｒ，θ）形成一一映射．从而，ａ、ｂ；ｒ、θ构成了复数的两组基本量．然...     

拟线性扩散方程的广义Dirichlet问题

本文用概率方法讨论了如下拟线性扩散方程的广义Ｄｉｒｉｃｈｌｅｔ问题。 １／２△ｕ（ｘ）＋ｑ（ｘ）ｕ（ｘ）＋ｆ（ｘ，ｕ）＝ａｕ（ｘ）／ａｔｘ＝（ｘ，ｔ｛ ｌｉｍｕ（ｘ）＝ｑ（ｚ），ｚ∈ａＤ∩（Ｄ＾ｃ）＾ｒ且ｚ为ｑ连续。 其中Ｄ为ｄ＋１维欧氏空间Ｒ＾ｄ中的一个有界区域，ａＤ的边界，ｑ∈Ｋｄ，ｑ在ＤＨｏ     

整系数多项式有理根检验范围的压缩

整系数多项式有理根检验范围的压缩李庆淮（徐州教育学院数学系２２１００６）１引言关于整系数多项式ｆ（ｘ）＝ａｎｘｎ＋ａｎ－１ｘｎ－１＋…＋ａ１ｘ＋ａ０（１）的有理根，早有众所周知的如下结果：“如果有理数ｒｓ（其中ｒ，ｓ∈Ｚ，且（ｒ，ｓ）＝１）是（１）的...     

涉及三角形傍切圆半径的一个不等式

定理设△ＡＢＣ的三边长为ａ,ｂ,ｃ,其傍切圆与外接圆、内切圆的半径分别为ｒａ,ｒｂ,ｒｃ与Ｒ,ｒ,则有（２－ｒＲ）２≤ｒｂｒｃａ２＋ｒｃｒａｂ２＋ｒａｒｂｃ２≤（Ｒｒ－ｒＲ）２①引理令ｓ＝１２（ａ＋ｂ＋ｃ）,则ｒｂｒｃａ２＋ｒｃｒａａ２＋ｒａｒｂａ２...     

扰动双中心Hamiltonian系统的分支

本文对一类具双中心的二次Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎｉａｎ扰动系统的Ｈｏｐｆ分支、Ｐｏｉｎｃａｒé分支进行了研究，并讨论了能否在双中心同时产生极限环的问题     

约束含参分岔问题的分类

约束边界与分岔参数有关的约束分岔问题,称为约束含参分岔问题.通过引入适当的变换,将约束含参分岔问题转化为新变量的非约束分岔问题,推导出了约束含参分岔问题转迁集的一般形式,结果表明只有约束分岔集受约束含参的影响,其它转迁集与不含参约束分岔的转迁集相同.以含参约束树枝分岔为例分析了此类问题的分岔分类,讨论了约束含参对分岔分类的影响.     

Bifurcations and Chaos in a Discrete Predator-prey System with Holling Type-IV Functional Response

A discrete predator-prey system with Holling type-IV functional response obtained by the Euler method is first investigated. The conditions of existence for fold bifurcation, flip bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation are derived by using the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory. Furthermore, we give the condition for the occurrence of codimension-two bifurcation called the Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation for fixed points and present approximate expressions for saddle-node, Hopfand homoclinic bifurcation sets near the Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation point. We also show the existence of degenerated fixed point with codimension three at least. The numerical simulations, including bifurcation diagrams, phase portraits, and computation of maximum Lyapunov exponents, not only show the consistence with the theoretical analysis but also exhibit the rich and complex dynamical behaviors such as the attracting invariant circle, period-doubling bifurcation from period-2,3,4 orbits.interior crisis, intermittency mechanic, and sudden disappearance of chaotic dynamic.     

Complex dynamics in Chen’s system

This paper characterizes some complex dynamics of Chen’s system. Some conditions of existence for pitchfork bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation are derived by using bifurcation theory and the center manifold theorem. Numerical simulation results not only show consistence with the theoretical analysis but also display some new and interesting dynamical behaviors including homoclinic bifurcation and the coexistence of two stable limit cycles and one chaotic attractor as well as some periodic solutions emerging from Hopf bifurcation but ending in homoclinic bifurcation, which are different from those reported in the literature before. All these show that Chen’s system has very rich nonlinear dynamics.     

一个椭圆型方程组的非负解的分支

考虑了1个源于扩散捕食模型的非线性椭圆型方程组.将猎物的增长率作为分支参数,通过运用无穷远处的分支理论、局部分支理论以及整体分支理论,得到了使方程组的非平凡解存在的参数范围.     

Locating and counting bifurcation points of satellite components from the main component in the degree-n bifurcation set

The bifurcation point where a satellite component buds from another component is characterized by the existence of the common tangent line between the two osculating components appearing in the degree-n bifurcation set. We investigate the existence, location and number of bifurcation points for satellite components budding from the main component in the degree-n bifurcation set as well as a parametric boundary equation of the main component of the degree-n bifurcation set. Cusp points are also located on the boundary of the main component. Typical degree-n bifurcation sets and their components are illustrated with some computational results.     

Abstract Hopf bifurcation theorem and further extensions via second variation

Sufficient conditions of bifurcation stated in Arutyunov et al. (2009) [5] are investigated in order to reconsider celebrated Hopf bifurcation as the simplest bifurcation of Fredholm operators of zero index. In several examples abstract result is applied to both finite and infinite dynamical systems exhibiting classical Hopf bifurcation as well as double Hopf bifurcation.     

具有饱和项的互惠系统的分歧与稳定性

运用谱分析和分歧理论的方法,在齐次Dirichlet边界条件下,对具有饱和项的互惠系统的非负定态解的分歧及其稳定性进行研究.一方面,分别以生长率作为分歧参数,讨论了发自半平凡解的分歧;另一方面,以两物种的生长率作为分歧参数,利用Liapunov-Schmidt过程,研究了在二重特征值处的分歧;同时判定了这些分歧解的稳定性.     

Stability and Hopf bifurcation analysis in a novel congestion control model with communication delay

In this paper, we investigated Hopf bifurcation by analyzing the distributed ranges of eigenvalues of characteristic linearized equation. Using communication delay as the bifurcation parameter, linear stability criteria dependent on communication delay have also been derived, and, furthermore, the direction of Hopf bifurcation as well as stability of periodic solution for the exponential RED algorithm with communication delay is studied. We find that the Hopf bifurcation occurs when the communication delay passes a sequence of critical values. The stability and direction of the Hopf bifurcation are determined by applying the normal form theory and the center manifold theorem. Finally, a numerical simulation is presented to verify the theoretical results.     

A stage-structured food chain model with stage dependent predation: Existence of codimension one and codimension two bifurcations

Stage-structured predator–prey models exhibit rich and interesting dynamics compared to homogeneous population models. The objective of this paper is to study the bifurcation behavior of stage-structured prey–predator models that admit stage-restricted predation. It is shown that the model with juvenile-only predation exhibits Hopf bifurcation with the growth rate of the adult prey as the bifurcation parameter; also, depending on parameter values, a stable limit cycle will emerge, that is, the bifurcation will be of supercritical nature. On the other hand, the analysis of the model with adult-stage predation shows that the system admits a fold-Hopf bifurcation with the adult growth rate and the predator mortality rate as the two bifurcation parameters. We also demonstrate the existence of a unique limit cycle arising from this codimension-2 bifurcation. These results reveal far richer dynamics compared to models without stage-structure. Numerical simulations are done to support analytical results.     

Stability and Hopf bifurcation analysis on a four-neuron BAM neural network with distributed delays

In this paper, a four-neuron BAM neural network with distributed delays is considered, where kernels are chosen as weak kernels. Its dynamics is studied in terms of local stability analysis and Hopf bifurcation analysis. By choosing the average delay as a bifurcation parameter and analyzing the associated characteristic equation, Hopf bifurcation occurs when the bifurcation parameter passes through some exceptive values. The stability of bifurcating periodic solutions and a formula for determining the direction of Hopf bifurcation are determined by applying the normal form theory and the center manifold theorem. Finally, numerical simulation results are given to validate the theorem obtained.