On the semiproportional character conjecture in groups Sp<Subscript>4</Subscript>(<Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis>)

Previously, the author made the following conjecture: if a finite group has two semiproportional irreducible characters φ and ψ, then φ(1) = ψ(1). In the present paper, a new confirmation of the conjecture is obtained. Namely, the conjecture is verified for symplectic groups Sp₄(q) and PSp₄(q).     

The Exact Value of Normal Structure Coefficients and WCS coefficients in a Class of Orlicz Function Spaces

Let φ be an N-function. Then the normal structure coefficients N and the weakly convergent sequence coefficients WCS of the Orlicz function spaces L ^φ[0, 1] generated by φ and equipped with the Luxemburg and Orlicz norms have the following exact values. (i) If F _φ(t) = t _?(t)/φ(t) is decreasing and 1 < C _φ < 2 (where \(C_\Phi = \lim _{t \to + \infty } t\varphi (t)/\Phi (t)\)), then N(L ^(φ)[0, 1]) = N(L ^φ[0, 1]) = WCS(L ^(φ)[0, 1]) = WCS(L ^φ[0, 1]) = 2^1?1/Cφ. (ii) If F _φ(t) is increasing and C _φ > 2, then N(L ^(φ)[0, 1]) = N(L ^φ[0, 1]) = WCS(L ^(φ)[0, 1]) = WCS(L ^φ[0, 1]) = 2^1/Cφ.     

On J. C. C. Nitsche type inequality for annuli on Riemann surfaces

Assume that (N, ?) and (M, S) are two Riemann surfaces with conformal metrics ? and S. We prove that if there is a harmonic homeomorphism between an annulus A ? N with a conformal modulus Mod(A) and a geodesic annulus A _S (p, ρ₁, ρ₂)?M, then we have ρ₂/ρ₁ ≥ Ψ _S Mod(A)²+ 1, where Ψ _S is a certain positive constant depending on the upper bound of Gaussian curvature of the metric S. An application for the minimal surfaces is given.     

On infinite-rank singular perturbations of the Schrödinger operator

Schrödinger operators with infinite-rank singular potentials V=Σ _i,j=1 ^∞ b _ij〈φ_j,·〉φ_i are studied under the condition that the singular elements ψ _j are ξ _j(t)-invariant with respect to scaling transformationsin ?³.     

Solution of Functional Equations Related to Elliptic Functions

Functional equations of the form f(x + y)g(x ? y) = Σ _j=1 ⁿ α _j (x)β _j (y) as well as of the form f₁(x + z)f₂(y + z)f₃(x + y ? z) = Σ _j=1 ^m φ _j (x, y)ψ _j (z) are solved for unknown entire functions f, g,α _j , β _j : ? → ? and f₁, f₂, f₃, ψ _j : ? → ?, φ _j : ?² → ? in the cases of n = 3 and m = 4.     

On the approximation of continuous functions of two variables

It is shown that if P _m ^α,β (x) (α, β > ?1, m = 0, 1, 2, …) are the classical Jaboci polynomials, then the system of polynomials of two variables {Ψ _mn ^α,β (x, y)} _m,n=0 ^r = {P _m ^α,β (x)P _n ^α,β (y)} _{m, n=0} ^r (r = m + n ≤ N ? 1) is an orthogonal system on the set Ω _N×N = ?ub;(x _i , y _i ) _i,j=0 ^N , where x _i and y _i are the zeros of the Jacobi polynomial P _n ^α,β (x). Given an arbitrary continuous function f(x, y) on the square [?1, 1]², we construct the discrete partial Fourier-Jacobi sums of the rectangular type S _{m, n, N} ^α,β (f; x, y) by the orthogonal system introduced above. We prove that the order of the Lebesgue constants ∥S _{m, n, N} ^α,β ∥ of the discrete sums S _{m, n, N} ^α,β (f; x, y) for ?1/2 < α, β < 1/2, m + n ≤ N ? 1 is O((mn) ^{q + 1/2}), where q = max?ub;α,β?ub;. As a consequence of this result, several approximate properties of the discrete sums S _{m, n, N} ^α,β (f; x, y) are considered.     

Closable Multipliers

Let (X, μ) and (Y, ν) be standard measure spaces. A function \({\varphi\in L^\infty(X\times Y,\mu\times\nu)}\) is called a (measurable) Schur multiplier if the map S _φ , defined on the space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators from L ₂(X, μ) to L ₂(Y, ν) by multiplying their integral kernels by φ, is bounded in the operator norm. The paper studies measurable functions φ for which S _φ is closable in the norm topology or in the weak* topology. We obtain a characterisation of w*-closable multipliers and relate the question about norm closability to the theory of operator synthesis. We also study multipliers of two special types: if φ is of Toeplitz type, that is, if φ(x, y) = f(x ? y), \({x,y\in G}\), where G is a locally compact abelian group, then the closability of φ is related to the local inclusion of f in the Fourier algebra A(G) of G. If φ is a divided difference, that is, a function of the form (f(x) ? f(y))/(x ? y), then its closability is related to the “operator smoothness” of the function f. A number of examples of non-closable, norm closable and w*-closable multipliers are presented.     

EXACT BOUNDARY CONTROLLABILITY OF 1-D NONLINEAR SCHRODINGER EQUATION

In this paper, the boundary control problem of a distributed parameter system described by the Schr(o)dinger equation posed on finite interval α≤ x ≤β:{iyt yxx |y|2y = 0,y(α,t) = h1(t),y(β,t) = h2(t) for t ＞ 0 (S)is considered. It is shown that by choosing appropriate control inputs (hj), (j = 1,2) one can always guide the system (S) from a given initial state ψ∈ Hs(α,β),(s ∈ R) to a terminal state ψ∈ Hs(α,β), in the time period [0, T]. The exact boundary controllability is obtained by considering a related initial value control problem of Schr(o)dinger equation posed on the whole line R. The discovered smoothing properties of Schr(o)dinger equation have played important roles in our approach; this may be the first step to prove the results on boundary controllability of (semi-linear) nonlinear Schr(o)dinger equation.     

Triebel-Lizorkin space boundedness of rough singular integrals associated to surfaces of revolution

We consider the boundedness of the rough singular integral operator T_(?,ψ,h) along a surface of revolution on the Triebel-Lizorkin space F~α_( p,q)(R~n) for ? ∈ H~1(~(Sn-1)) and ? ∈ Llog~+L(S~(n-1)) ∪_1q∞(B~((0,0))_q(S~(n-1))), respectively.     

The equivalence classes of holomorphic mappings of genus 3 Riemann surfaces onto genus 2 Riemann surfaces

Denote the set of all holomorphic mappings of a genus 3 Riemann surface S ₃ onto a genus 2 Riemann surface S ₂ by Hol(S ₃, S ₂). Call two mappings f and g in Hol(S ₃, S ₂) equivalent whenever there exist conformal automorphisms α and β of S ₃ and S ₂ respectively with f ? α = β ? g. It is known that Hol(S ₃, S ₂) always consists of at most two equivalence classes.We obtain the following results: If Hol(S ₃, S ₂) consists of two equivalence classes then both S ₃ and S ₂ can be defined by real algebraic equations; furthermore, for every pair of inequivalent mappings f and g in Hol(S ₃, S ₂) there exist anticonformal automorphisms α? and β? with f ? α? = β? ? g. Up to conformal equivalence, there exist exactly three pairs of Riemann surfaces (S ₃, S ₂) such that Hol(S ₃, S ₂) consists of two equivalence classes.     

Uniform extensions of partial geometries

A geometry of rank 2 is an incidence system (P, \(\mathcal{B}\)), where P is a set of points and \(\mathcal{B}\) is a set of subsets from P, called blocks. Two points are called collinear if they lie in a common block. A pair (a, B) from (P, \(\mathcal{B}\)) is called a flag if its point belongs to the block, and an antiflag otherwise. A geometry is called φ-uniform (φ is a natural number) if for any antiflag (a, B) the number of points in the block B collinear to the point a equals 0 or φ, and strongly φ-uniform if this number equals φ. In this paper, we study φ-uniform extensions of partial geometries pG _α (s, t) with φ = s and strongly φ-uniform geometries with φ = s ? 1. In particular, the results on extensions of generalized quadrangles, obtained earlier by Cameron and Fisher, are extended to the case of partial geometries.     

A numerical algorithm for solving a nonstationary problem of optimal control

Let {φ _n ^(α,β) (z)} _n=0 ^∞ be a system of Jacobi polynomials orthonormal on the circle |z| = 1 with respect to the weight (1 ? cos τ)^α+1/2(1 + cos τ)^β+1/2 (α, β > ?1), and let \(\psi _n^{\left( {\alpha ,\beta } \right)*} \left( z \right): = z^n \overline {\psi _n^{\left( {\alpha ,\beta } \right)} \left( {{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 {\bar z}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\bar z}}} \right)}\)). We establish relations between the polynomial φ _n ^(α,?1/2) (z) and the nth (C, α ? 1/2)-mean of the Maclaurin series for the function (1 ? z)^?α?3/2 and also between the polynomial φ _n ^(α,?1/2)* (z) and the nth (C, α + 1/2)-mean of the Maclaurin series for the function (1 ? z)^?α?1/2. We use these relations to derive an asymptotic formula for φ _n ^(α,?1/2) (z); the formula is uniform inside the disk |z| < 1. It follows that φ _n ^(α,?1/2) (z) ≠ 0 in the disk |z| ≤ ρ for fixed φ ∈ (0, 1) and α > ?1 if n is sufficiently large.     

Bounded projectors and duality in the spaces of functions holomorphic in the unit ball

The paper studies the Banach spaces h _∞(φ), h ₀(φ), and h ¹(η) of harmonic functions over the unit ball in R ⁿ . These spaces depend on a weight function φ and a weight measure η. For a given function φ from a sufficiently broad class of functions, we solve the duality problem. that is, we construct measures η such that h ¹(η)* ～ h _∞(φ) and h ₀(φ)* ～ h ¹(η).     

Optimal combinations bounds of root-square and arithmetic means for Toader mean

We find the greatest value α ₁ and α ₂, and the least values β ₁ and β ₂, such that the double inequalities α ₁ S(a,b)?+?(1???α ₁) A(a,b)?T(a,b)?β ₁ S(a,b)?+?(1???β ₁) A(a,b) and \(S^{\alpha_{2}}(a,b)A^{1-\alpha_{2}}(a,b)< T(a,b)< S^{\beta_{2}}(a,b)A^{1-\beta_{2}}(a,b)\) hold for all a,b?>?0 with a?≠?b. As applications, we get two new bounds for the complete elliptic integral of the second kind in terms of elementary functions. Here, S(a,b)?=?[(a ²?+?b ²)/2]^1/2, A(a,b)?=?(a?+?b)/2, and \(T(a,b)=\frac{2}{\pi}\int\limits_{0}^{{\pi}/{2}}\sqrt{a^2{\cos^2{\theta}}+b^2{\sin^2{\theta}}}{\rm d}\theta\) denote the root-square, arithmetic, and Toader means of two positive numbers a and b, respectively.     

On the rank of odd hyper-quasi-polynomials

Given any nonzero entire function g: ? → ?, the complex linear space F(g) consists of all entire functions f decomposable as f(z + w)g(z - w)=φ₁(z)ψ₁(w)+???+ φ_n(z)ψ_n(w) for some φ₁, ψ₁, …, φ_n, ψ_n: ? → ?. The rank of f with respect to g is defined as the minimum integer n for which such a decomposition is possible. It is proved that if g is an odd function, then the rank any function in F(g) is even.     

New characterizations for weighted composition operator from Zygmund type spaces to Bloch type spaces

Let u be a holomorphic function and φ a holomorphic self-map of the open unit disk \(\mathbb{D}\) in the complex plane. We provide new characterizations for the boundedness of the weighted composition operators uC _φ from Zygmund type spaces to Bloch type spaces in \(\mathbb{D}\) in terms of u, φ, their derivatives, and φ ⁿ , the n-th power of φ. Moreover, we obtain some similar estimates for the essential norms of the operators uC _φ , from which sufficient and necessary conditions of compactness of uC _φ follows immediately.     

Differences of weighted composition operations on the unit polydisk

Let φ ₁ and φ ₂ be holomorphic self-maps of the unit polydisk \(\mathbb{D}^N\), and let u ₁ and u ₂ be holomorphic functions on \(\mathbb{D}^N\). We characterize the boundedness and compactness of the difference of weighted composition operators W _{φ1, u1} and W _{φ2, u2} from the weighted Bergman space \(A_{\vec \alpha }^p\), 0 < p < ∞, \(\vec \alpha = \left( {\alpha _1 , \ldots ,\alpha _{\rm N} } \right)\), α _j > ?1, j = 1,..., N, to the weighted-type space H _υ ^∞ of holomorphic functions on the unit polydisk \(\mathbb{D}^N\) in terms of inducing symbols φ ₁, φ ₂, u ₁, and u ₂.     

Dual submanifolds in rational homology spheres

Let Σ be a simply connected rational homology sphere. A pair of disjoint closed submanifolds M_+, M_-? Σ are called dual to each other if the complement Σ-M_+ strongly homotopy retracts onto M_- or vice-versa. In this paper, we are concerned with the basic problem of which integral triples(n; m_+, m-) ∈ N~3 can appear, where n = dimΣ-1 and m_± = codim M_±-1. The problem is motivated by several fundamental aspects in differential geometry.(i) The theory of isoparametric/Dupin hypersurfaces in the unit sphere S~(n+1) initiated by′Elie Cartan, where M_± are the focal manifolds of the isoparametric/Dupin hypersurface M ? S~(n+1), and m± coincide with the multiplicities of principal curvatures of M.(ii) The Grove-Ziller construction of non-negatively curved Riemannian metrics on the Milnor exotic spheres Σ,i.e., total spaces of smooth S~3-bundles over S~4 homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to S~7, where M_± =P_±×_(SO(4))S~3, P → S~4 the principal SO(4)-bundle of Σ and P_± the singular orbits of a cohomogeneity one SO(4) × SO(3)-action on P which are both of codimension 2.Based on the important result of Grove-Halperin, we provide a surprisingly simple answer, namely, if and only if one of the following holds true:· m_+ = m_-= n;· m_+ = m_-=1/3n ∈ {1, 2, 4, 8};· m_+ = m_-=1/4n ∈ {1, 2};· m_+ = m_-=1/6n ∈ {1, 2};·n/(m_++m_-)= 1 or 2, and for the latter case, m_+ + m_-is odd if min(m_+, m_-)≥2.In addition, if Σ is a homotopy sphere and the ratio n/(m_++m_-)= 2(for simplicity let us assume 2 m_- m_+),we observe that the work of Stolz on the multiplicities of isoparametric hypersurfaces applies almost identically to conclude that, the pair can be realized if and only if, either(m_+, m_-) =(5, 4) or m_+ + m_-+ 1 is divisible by the integer δ(m_-)(see the table on Page 1551), which is equivalent to the existence of(m_--1) linearly independent vector fields on the sphere S~(m_++m_-)by Adams' celebrated work. In contrast, infinitely many counterexamples are given if Σ is a rational homology sphere.     

Series by Haar system with monotone coefficients

Let χ = {χ _n } _n=0 ^∞ be the Haar system normalized in L ²(0, 1) and M = {M _s } _s=1 ^∞ be an arbitrary, increasing sequence of nonnegative integers. For any subsystem of χ of the form {φ _k } = χS = {χ _n } _n∈S , where S = S(M) = {n _k } _k=1 ^∞ = {n ∈ V[p]: p ∈ M}, V[0] = {1, 2} and V[p] = {2 ^p + 1, 2 ^p + 2, …, 2 ^p+1} for p = 1, 2, … a series of the form Σ _i=1 ^∞ a _i φ _i with a _i ↘ 0 is constructed, that is universal with respect to partial series in all classes L ^r (0, 1), r ∈ (0, 1), in the sense of a.e. convergence and in the metric ofL ^r (0, 1). The constructed series is universal in the class of all measurable, finite functions on [0, 1] in the sense of a.e. convergence. It is proved that there exists a series by Haar system with decreasing coefficients, which has the following property: for any ? > 0 there exists a measurable function µ(x), x ∈ [0, 1], such that 0 ≤ µ(x) ≤ 1 and |{x ∈ [0, 1], µ(x) ≠ = 1}| < ?, and the series is universal in the weighted space L _µ[0, 1] with respect to subseries, in the sense of convergence in the norm of L _µ[0, 1].     

Interpolation and duality of generalized grand Morrey spaces on quasi-metric measure spaces

Let θ ∈ (0, 1), λ ∈ [0, 1) and p, p ₀, p ₁ ∈ (1,∞] be such that (1 ? θ)/p ₀ + θ/p ₁ = 1/p, and let φ, φ₀, φ₁ be some admissible functions such that φ, φ₀ ^p/p0 and φ₁ ^p/p1 are equivalent. We first prove that, via the ± interpolation method, the interpolation L _φ0 ^p0),λ (X), L _φ1 ^{p1), λ} (X), θ> of two generalized grand Morrey spaces on a quasi-metric measure space X is the generalized grand Morrey space L _φ ^p),λ (X). Then, by using block functions, we also find a predual space of the generalized grand Morrey space. These results are new even for generalized grand Lebesgue spaces.