Notes on “stability and chaos control of regularized Prabhakar fractional dynamical systems without and with delay”

This comment is to point out some mistakes made in the paper (Shiva et al in MATH METHOD APPL SCI 42(7):2302‐2323, 2019). The stability of Prabhakar fractional dynamical systems without and with time delay is addressed. Lyapunov stability theorem is extended to these systems. But the proof process is wrong as the memory property of fractional calculus. It is necessary to point out these errors to avoid misleading. Finally, a counterexample is proposed against the proposed theorem.     

Synchronization and antisynchronization of N‐coupled fractional‐order complex chaotic systems with ring connection

This paper is devoted to investigate synchronization and antisynchronization of N‐coupled general fractional‐order complex chaotic systems described by a unified mathematical expression with ring connection. By means of the direct design method, the appropriate controllers are designed to transform the fractional‐order error dynamical system into a nonlinear system with antisymmetric structure. Thus, by using the recently established result for the Caputo fractional derivative of a quadratic function and a fractional‐order extension of the Lyapunov direct method, several stability criteria are derived to ensure the occurrence of synchronization and antisynchronization among N‐coupled fractional‐order complex chaotic systems. Moreover, numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design.     

Stability Analysis of Distributed-Order Hilfer–Prabhakar Systems Based on Inertia Theory

The notion of a distributed-order Hilfer–Prabhakar derivative is introduced, which reduces in special cases to the existing notions of fractional or distributed-order derivatives. The stability of two classes of distributed-order Hilfer–Prabhakar differential equations, which are generalizations of all distributed or fractional differential equations considered previously, is analyzed. Sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of these systems are obtained by using properties of generalized Mittag-Leffler functions, the final-value theorem, and the Laplace transform. Stability conditions for such systems are introduced by using a new definition of the inertia of a matrix with respect to the distributed-order Hilfer–Prabhakar derivative.     

Stability results involving time-averaged Lyapunov function derivatives

The stability results which comprise the Direct Method of Lyapunov involve the existence of auxiliary functions (Lyapunov functions) endowed with certain definiteness properties. Although the Direct Method is very general and powerful, it has some limitations: there are dynamical systems with known stability properties for which there do not exist Lyapunov functions which satisfy the hypotheses of a Lyapunov stability theorem.In the present paper we identify a scalar switched dynamical system whose equilibrium (at the origin) has known stability properties (e.g., uniform asymptotic stability) and we prove that there does not exist a Lyapunov function which satisfies any one of the Lyapunov stability theorems (e.g., the Lyapunov theorem for uniform asymptotic stability). Using this example as motivation, we establish stability results which eliminated some of the limitations of the Direct Method alluded to. These results involve time-averaged Lyapunov function derivatives (TALFD’s). We show that these results are amenable to the analysis of the same dynamical systems for which the Direct Method fails. Furthermore, and more importantly, we prove that the stability results involving TALFD’s are less conservative than the results which comprise the Direct Method (which henceforth, we refer to as the classical Lyapunov stability results).While we confine our presentation to continuous finite-dimensional dynamical systems, the results presented herein can readily be extended to arbitrary continuous dynamical systems defined on metric spaces. Furthermore, with appropriate modifications, stability results involving TALFD’s can be generalized to discontinuous dynamical systems (DDS).     

Partial asymptotic stability of abstract differential equations

We consider the problem of partial asymptotic stability with respect to a continuous functional for a class of abstract dynamical processes with multivalued solutions on a metric space. This class of processes includes finite-and infinite-dimensional dynamical systems, differential inclusions, and delay equations. We prove a generalization of the Barbashin-Krasovskii theorem and the LaSalle invariance principle under the conditions of the existence of a continuous Lyapunov functional. In the case of the existence of a differentiable Lyapunov functional, we obtain sufficient conditions for the partial stability of continuous semigroups in a Banach space. __________ Translated from Ukrains’kyi Matematychnyi Zhurnal, Vol. 58, No. 5, pp. 629–637, May, 2006.     

Robust stabilization and synchronization of a class of fractional-order chaotic systems via a novel fractional sliding mode controller

This paper proposes a novel fractional-order sliding mode approach for stabilization and synchronization of a class of fractional-order chaotic systems. Based on the fractional calculus a stable integral type fractional-order sliding surface is introduced. Using the fractional Lyapunov stability theorem, a single sliding mode control law is proposed to ensure the existence of the sliding motion in finite time. The proposed control scheme is applied to stabilize/synchronize a class of fractional-order chaotic systems in the presence of model uncertainties and external disturbances. Some numerical simulations are performed to confirm the theoretical results of the paper. It is worth noticing that the proposed fractional-order sliding mode controller can be applied to control a broad range of fractional-order dynamical systems.     

Chaos in a nonautonomous eco-epidemiological model with delay

In this paper, we propose and analyze a nonautonomous predator-prey model with disease in prey, and a discrete time delay for the incubation period in disease transmission. Employing the theory of differential inequalities, we find sufficient conditions for the permanence of the system. Further, we use Lyapunov’s functional method to obtain sufficient conditions for global asymptotic stability of the system. We observe that the permanence of the system is unaffected due to presence of incubation delay. However, incubation delay affects the global stability of the positive periodic solution of the system. To reinforce the analytical results and to get more insight into the system’s behavior, we perform some numerical simulations of the autonomous and nonautonomous systems with and without time delay. We observe that for the gradual increase in the magnitude of incubation delay, the autonomous system develops limit cycle oscillation through a Hopf-bifurcation while the corresponding nonautonomous system shows chaotic dynamics through quasi-periodic oscillations. We apply basic tools of non-linear dynamics such as Poincaré section and maximum Lyapunov exponent to confirm the chaotic behavior of the system.     

A general scheme for Q-S synchronization of chaotic systems

This paper addresses the Q-S synchronization between chaotic and/or hyper-chaotic systems. Based on the Lyapunov stability theorem, a general scheme for Q-S synchronization of chaotic and/or hyper-chaotic systems is proposed. The drive and response systems discussed in this paper can be strictly different dynamical systems (including different dimensional systems). Four illustrative numerical simulations are also given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed general scheme for Q-S synchronization.     

Development of the Lyapunov function method in the stability problem for functional-differential equations

In the present paper, we consider the stability problem for delay functional-differential equations with finite delay. We suggest a development of the Lyapunov function method involving the use of scalar comparison equations and limit functions and equations. We prove a localization theorem for the positive limit set of a bounded solution and a theorem on the asymptotic stability of the zero solution. We present examples of sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of solutions of systems of the first, second, and arbitrary orders.     

Control and adaptive modified function projective synchronization of Liu chaotic dynamical system

In this work, the feedback control method is proposed to control the behaviour of Liu chaotic dynamical system. The controlled system is stable under some conditions on the parameters of the system determined by Routh-Hurwitz criterion. This paper also presents the adaptive modified function projective synchronization (AMFPS) between two identical Liu chaotic dynamical systems. Based on the Lyapunov stability theorem, adaptive control laws are designed to achieving the AMFPS. Finally, some numerical simulations are obtained to validate the proposed methods.     

Projective lag synchronization in chaotic systems

In this paper, a new projective lag synchronization is proposed, where a driven chaotic system synchronizes the past state of the driver up to a scaling factor α. An active control method is employed to design a controller to achieve the global synchronization of two identical chaotic systems. Based on Lyapunov stability theorem, a sufficient condition is then given for the asymptotical stability of the null solution of an error dynamics. The effectiveness of the proposed schemes is verified via numerical simulations.     

On the asymptotic stability of solutions of nonlinear systems with delay

Under study are systems of homogeneous differential equations with delay. We assume that in the absence of delay the trivial solutions to the systems under consideration are asymptotically stable. Using the direct Lyapunov method and Razumikhin??s approach, we show that if the order of homogeneity of the right-hand sides is greater than 1 then asymptotic stability persists for all values of delay. We estimate the time of transitions, study the influence of perturbations on the stability of the trivial solution, and prove a theorem on the asymptotic stability of a complex system describing the interaction of two nonlinear subsystems.     

On the continuity of the Lyapunov functions in the converse stability theorems for discontinuous dynamical systems

In [H. Ye, A.N. Michel, L. Hou, Stability theory for hybrid dynamical systems, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 43 (4) (1998) 461–474] we established, among other results, a set of sufficient conditions for the uniform asymptotic stability of invariant sets for discontinuous dynamical systems (DDS) defined on metric space, and under some additional minor assumptions, we also established a set of necessary conditions (a converse theorem). This converse theorem involves Lyapunov functions which need not necessarily be continuous. In the present paper, we show that under some additional very mild assumptions, the Lyapunov functions for the converse theorem need actually be continuous.     

Global Stability of an Autonomous Stochastic Delay Differential Equation with Discontinuous Coefficients

We study the stability and asymptotic stability of the zero solution of autonomous stochastic delay differential equations with discontinuous coefficients by the Lyapunov second method. For the equations under study, we obtain analogs of the Lyapunov stability theorem and the Barbashin–Krasovskii and Zubov asymptotic stability theorems for the zero solution.     

Finite-time stabilization of nonlinear impulsive dynamical systems

Finite-time stability involves dynamical systems whose trajectories converge to a Lyapunov stable equilibrium state in finite time. For continuous-time dynamical systems finite-time convergence implies nonuniqueness of system solutions in reverse time, and hence, such systems possess non-Lipschitzian dynamics. For impulsive dynamical systems, however, it may be possible to reset the system states to an equilibrium state achieving finite-time convergence without requiring non-Lipschitzian system dynamics. In this paper, we develop sufficient conditions for finite-time stability of impulsive dynamical systems using both scalar and vector Lyapunov functions. Furthermore, we design hybrid finite-time stabilizing controllers for impulsive dynamical systems that are robust against full modelling uncertainty. Finally, we present a numerical example for finite-time stabilization of large-scale impulsive dynamical systems.     

Solution and dynamics analysis of a fractional‐order hyperchaotic system

Numerical solution and chaotic behaviors of the fractional‐order simplified Lorenz hyperchaotic system are investigated in this paper. The solution of the fractional‐order hyperchaotic system is obtained by employing Adomian decomposition method. Lyapunov characteristic exponents algorithm for the fractional‐order chaotic system is designed. Dynamics of the fractional‐order hyperchaotic system are analyzed by means of bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov characteristic exponents, C₀ complexity, and chaos diagram. It shows that this system has rich dynamical behaviors, and it is more complex when the fractional order q is small. It lays a foundation for the practical application of the fractional‐order hyperchaotic systems. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Stability criterion for synchronization of linearly coupled unified chaotic systems

This paper investigates the synchronization of two linearly coupled unified chaotic systems. A new stability criterion for asymptotic synchronization is attained using the Lyapunov stability theory and linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. A numerical example is given to illuminate the design procedure and advantage of the result derived.     

A note on phase synchronization in coupled chaotic fractional order systems

The dynamic behaviors of fractional order systems have received increasing attention in recent years. This paper addresses the reliable phase synchronization problem between two coupled chaotic fractional order systems. An active nonlinear feedback control scheme is constructed to achieve phase synchronization between two coupled chaotic fractional order systems. We investigated the necessary conditions for fractional order Lorenz, Lü and Rössler systems to exhibit chaotic attractor similar to their integer order counterpart. Then, based on the stability results of fractional order systems, sufficient conditions for phase synchronization of the fractional models of Lorenz, Lü and Rössler systems are derived. The synchronization scheme that is simple and global enables synchronization of fractional order chaotic systems to be achieved without the computation of the conditional Lyapunov exponents. Numerical simulations are performed to assess the performance of the presented analysis.     

On synchronization of a forced delay dynamical system via the Galerkin approximation

A forced scalar delay dynamical system is analyzed from the perspective of bifurcation and synchronization. In general first order differential equations do not exhibit chaos, but introduction of a delay feedback makes the system infinite dimensional and shows chaoticity. In order to study the dynamics of such a system, Galerkin projection technique is used to obtain a finite dimensional set of ordinary differential equations from the delay differential equation. We compare the results of simulation with those obtained from direct numerical simulation of the delay equation to ascertain the accuracy of the truncation process in the Galerkin approximation. We have considered two cases, one with five and the other with eight shape functions. Next we study two types of synchronization by considering coupling of the above derived equations with a forced dynamical system without delay. Our analysis shows that it is possible to have synchronization between two such systems. It has been shown that the chaotic system with delay feedback can drive the system without delay to achieve synchronization and the opposite case is also equally valid. This is confirmed by the evaluation of the conditional Lyapunov exponents of the systems.