动态能力、知识管理基础设施能力对企业市场绩效的影响:基于PLS-SEM的估计

企业知识管理的目的就是通过学习,将知识或技术加以扩散,以此提高组织整体的市场绩效.但企业知识管理具有相当复杂性,使得其在管理实践中带来相应的困难.在对企业知识管理基础设施能力、动态能力系统介绍的基础上,分析了两者对企业市场绩效的影响.通过建立基于偏最小二乘方法的结构方程模型,以201份来自企业的有效调查问卷,实证结果验证了所提出的理论模型.研究发现,知识管理基础设施能力与动态能力均对市场绩效有显著影响.     

双边视角下用户参与众包创新的知识获取前因及其对创新绩效的影响

众包创新模式已被实践证明是获取外部群体知识资源达到创新目标的有效模式。基于发包企业与接包用户双边视角,分析了众包创新的本质内涵和影响众包创新知识获取的关键因素,构建了众包创新知识获取的前因及其对创新绩效的影响机制模型,并以国内典型众包平台——猪八戒网为例开展实证研究。结果表明:知识多样性、沟通机制和激励机制对知识获取均有显著正向影响,知识获取显著正向影响众包创新绩效。知识获取的前因对众包创新绩效的影响存在一定的差异,知识多样性显著正向直接影响众包创新绩效,而沟通机制和激励机制对众包创新绩效的直接影响效应并未得到有效验证,它们则是以知识获取为中介而间接影响众包创新绩效。     

商业模式对企业绩效的影响机理与实证研究——基于商业生态系统视角

以商业生态系统为研究视角,利用结构方程模型对企业商业模式与企业绩效之间的关系进行实证分析.主要结论有:企业商业模式的中间影响者、直接影响者和直接驱动者对企业绩效有显著影响,但商业模式的稳定影响者对企业的财务绩效影响不明显,对企业的市场绩效有显著影响.此外,企业的市场绩效对企业的财务绩效有显著的正向影响.研究结果表明:要实现企业业务价值,提升企业绩效,一是要强化商业模式各要素之间的联系,二是要增强稳定影响者匹配性,三是要关注直接影响者,夯实竞争基础.     

头雁效应——团队领导创新性工作表现对团队创新绩效影响的实证研究

团队领导创新性工作表现是一个团队对创新活动的认知,它将影响团队的创新氛围和创新绩效.基于社会认知理论,以高新技术企业的RD团队为研究对象,构建了领导创新性工作表现、团队创新氛围和团队创新绩效关系的理论模型,并应用问卷数据对理论模型进行了实证分析.结果显示:团队领导创新性工作表现有助于形成良好的创新氛围;团队创新氛围能够有效提升RD团队创新绩效;团队创新氛围在领导创新性工作表现和团队创新绩效之间起到部分中介作用.     

客户价值研究及其对客户关系管理绩效的影响

客户价值研究是客户关系管理研究中的重要内容，本基于客户视角对客户价值进行分析，提出客户价值应包含五个关键维度：功能价值、社会价值、情感价值、知识价值和感知牺牲。同时建立了客户价值对基于客户行为的客户关系管理(CRM)绩效的影响理论模型并提出相关假设，然后通过实证分析验证该假设，最后讨论了实证结果及其对客户关系管理实践的指导意义。     

制造网络中信息系统能力对中小企业间知识共享的影响研究

针对制造网络,从能力视角,研究信息系统集成能力、业务覆盖能力、区域连接能力、人力资源能力和信息系统支持的无形资产能力对中小企业间知识共享的影响.对河北省和天津市近10家具有"电子合作"特征的中小制造企业进行调研,收回有效问卷163份,采用SPSS12.0进行数据分析.结果显示:信息系统集成能力对企业间知识共享的影响程度最大,其次是区域连接能力,再次是人力资源能力,而无形资产能力和业务覆盖能力对企业间知识共享没有显著影响.为管理者构建面向企业间知识共享的信息系统提供参考.     

企业家社会资本、企业动态能力和企业绩效的关系研究

在剖析企业家社会资本和企业动态能力内涵的基础上,通过理论分析构建企业家社会资本、企业动态能力和企业绩效关系的理论模型,并利用自编量表通过多途径收集了251个有效样本的数据对理论模型进行了检验.统计分析结果表明:理论模型在总体上得到了较好验证,但是变量间的作用路径具有差异性,即:动态能力在企业家社会资本和市场绩效中起部分中介作用;动态能力在企业家社会资本和新产品开发绩效中起部分中介作用.该研究从企业家社会资本视角探索企业动态能力的形成路径及其对企业绩效的影响,具有理论创新意义.     

工会-企业关系模式对不同规模企业绩效的影响研究:基于多主体仿真模型

中国工会和企业之间的关系可以分为激烈对抗、消极追随和团结协作三种关系模式。论文构建多主体仿真模型,研究不同企业规模下的三种工会-企业关系模式对企业绩效的影响,探讨不同规模企业绩效的动态演化机制。结果表明:企业规模越小,三种关系模式下员工投入水平和企业绩效波动频率越高、幅度越大,企业越不稳健;企业规模越大,消极追随模式下企业绩效初期出现短暂高绩效的时滞越久;相同规模时,团结协作模式下的企业绩效优于消极追随模式,激烈对抗模式下的企业绩效表现最弱;企业规模越大,团结协作模式的优越性越突出。研究结论可以为工会-企业关系的发展和企业绩效提升提供建设性启示。     

基于博弈论指标综合赋权的物流服务绩效评价

提高企业竞争力,扩大客户群体,满足不同客户多样化的物流服务需求,提供更快、更好、更低价的物流服务是物流服务提供商生存和发展面临的主要问题.以物流企业的服务绩效提升为研究目标,建立了物流服务绩效评价体系.通过层次分析法和熵权法确定各指标的初始权重,再借助合作博弈中利润分配的思想进行权重组合,进而得到最优权重组合.基于五家物流企业的数据分析得到:物流企业的销售额、成本、服务态度、售后服务质量等指标对物流服务绩效有着较大的影响.研究成果一方面对指标权重组合研究有一定的促进作用,另一方面对物流企业提升服务绩效有一定的借鉴意义.     

制造业企业的股权结构对企业绩效影响的实证研究

股权结构是企业有效治理的基础，优化股权结构是提高企业绩效的关键.对此国内外学者进行了相关研究，但结果并不一致.在综合考虑了企业的生命周期和行业性质的前提下，探讨了股权结构对企业绩效的影响，选取制造业行业1190家企业2012-2015年的相关变量数据，首先采用主成分综合得分法计算出企业绩效，之后选用现金流组合法按照各自所处的生命周期对企业进行分类，最后在各时期内分别构建回归模型来分析股权结构对企业绩效的作用，并进行了模型验证.股权集中度对企业绩效的影响分为三类：处于导入期、成熟期和淘汰期的企业影响关系呈正U型，处于增长期的企业与其绩效显著负相关，衰退期企业的影响并不显著.股权制衡度对企业绩效的影响分为两类：处于成熟期、淘汰期的企业影响关系呈倒U型，导入期、增长期、衰退期影响则不显著.     

品牌资产与品牌价值关联模型的实证研究

现如今,品牌资产与品牌价值在企业经济活动中扮演的角色日益重要,二者的概念、特征以及作用机制等越来越被学者和企业界所重视,但聚焦品牌资产与品牌价值关联关系的研究仍然较为缺乏.通过对品牌资产与品牌价值的概念界定,依据品牌资产的作用机制和品牌价值的形成机理,构建了二者的关联理论模型,并通过实践调研对这一问题进行了实证研究,结果表明品牌资产通过调节效应能够驱动品牌价值的形成,最后为企业如何杠杆品牌资产实现品牌价值提出了相关管理启示.     

Multiobjective optimization of credit capital allocation in financial institutions

The evolution of international regulation leads to new capital requirements imposed on globally active companies. Financial services firms allocate capital to business lines in order to withstand the materializing credit losses and to measure the performance of various business lines. In this study, we introduce a methodology for optimal credit capital allocation based on operations research approach. In particular, we focus on the efficient allocation of capital to business lines characterized by credit risk losses and cost of capital. We compare different allocation methods and provide a rationale behind using the OR approach. Finally, we formulate a multiobjective optimization model to capital allocation problem and apply it to a real-world case of two financial conglomerates.     

Management attitudes,learning and scale in successful diversification: a dynamic and behavioural resource system view

The paper presents a system dynamics model to examine an enduring puzzle of corporate strategy. Why do extensive empirical studies continue to show a weak relationship between diversification and performance, despite persuasive arguments suggesting performance should improve? And why do well-intentioned executives seemingly turn a blind eye to the available empirical and anecdotal evidence that diversification rarely pays-off? Some diversification strategies go seriously wrong. Could it be that researchers and executives are misled by the complexity of dynamic multi-business investment decisions? The model draws on case material describing Goodyear’s move out of its core tyre business into oil and gas in the late 1980s. Two versions of the model compare the fortunes and performance of hypothetical twin firms, FocusCo and DiversiCo, each facing an identical downturn in their traditional core business, and starting with identical levels of strategic resources. FocusCo invests strictly in its core business while DiversiCo has the option to invest in non-core business if managers view the performance of the core to be unsatisfactory. Simulations show how DiversiCo's success (relative to FocusCo) depends both on business fundamentals (real profitability and relative scale of the core and non-core) and behavioural traits of typical corporate investment policy covering target setting, managers' expectations, limited foresight, prior beliefs, optimism, confidence and learning style. There are some surprises such as the very long time delay in recognising clear winners, and counterproductive effects on performance of seemingly positive traits such as optimism and fast learning. The paper ends with comments on the implications of the results for practice and research.     

Using DEA and survival analysis for measuring performance of branches in New Zealand's Accident Compensation Corporation

This paper describes an approach to solving the problem of assessing relative branch performance in the Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC), the New Zealand state-owned, no-fault, personal injury compensation insurance company. The methodology described in this paper is innovative in that it assesses relative performance via a modified data envelopment analysis (DEA) process. Performance is assessed and can be examined in terms that are meaningful to business goals. Performance evaluation has generally aligned well with management preconceptions of performance. DEA results are clustered to find common performance themes that are reviewed for business acceptability and the successful themes are used to measure performance against a Farrell frontier. The methodology is applicable to other situations where there are multiple instances of a unit performing the same or similar functions. Technical analysis as used in this paper is based on survival analysis, DEA, clustering and knowledge of the organisation's business operations and objectives.     

零售商采购资金约束下第三方再制造闭环供应链决策研究

在原制造商有充足资金而零售商无资本禀赋的情形下,研究再制造商为零售商提供和不提供商业信用时闭环供应链的决策问题。研究发现,再制造商提供商业信用时,如果再制造商需要向原制造商借款维持企业运作,那么原制造商会提高专利授权费用;再制造商不提供商业信用、零售商未寻求外部融资时,再制造商会被淘汰,基于收益共享契约,闭环供应链能够实现协调运作;再制造商不提供商业信用、零售商通过银行贷款和股权融资外部融资时,随着股权融资比例系数的增加,零售商利润先增加后减少,再制造商利润增加,原制造商利润减少,整个供应链系统利润增加。     

Financial statement analysis: A data envelopment analysis approach

Ratio analysis is a commonly used analytical tool for verifying the performance of a firm. While ratios are easy to compute, which in part explains their wide appeal, their interpretation is problematic, especially when two or more ratios provide conflicting signals. Indeed, ratio analysis is often criticized on the grounds of subjectivity, that is the analyst must pick and choose ratios in order to assess the overall performance of a firm.In this paper we demonstrate that Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) can augment the traditional ratio analysis. DEA can provide a consistent and reliable measure of managerial or operational efficiency of a firm. We test the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between DEA and traditional accounting ratios as measures of performance of a firm. Our results reject the null hypothesis indicating that DEA can provide information to analysts that is additional to that provided by traditional ratio analysis. We also apply DEA to the oil and gas industry to demonstrate how financial analysts can employ DEA as a complement to ratio analysis.     

Buyer–supplier relationship and operational dynamics

This paper examines the effectiveness of business-to-business relationships in reference to the suppliers of office equipments serving the industrial accounts in Mexico. The study addresses broadly the performance-related issues as to what extent is the impact of quality of services responsible for doing business with the organizational buyers. Discussions in the paper also analyse the impact of channel function performance on relationship quality, which is moderated by the extent dependence structure of the relationship. The results of the study showed that the impact of buyer–supplier co-dependency and relationship quality significantly affects the supplier performance. It has been argued in the paper that the market orientation is positively associated with measures of channel performance such as service quality and the extent of buyer satisfaction. The study also demonstrates that in the processes of managing business relationships, cognitive dimensions like trust, commitment, and low level of conflicts provide ‘win-win’ situation for buyers and suppliers. Finally, this study attempts to make contributions to the literature on buyer–supplier relationships towards cognitive and relational perspectives leading to optimizing functional efficiency of a firm.     

股权激励与公司绩效：基于调整成本

文章从调整成本角度出发,运用广义矩估计法重新审视股权激励与公司绩效之间的关系,并寻找调整成本的决定因素．在不考虑调整成本的传统模型下,公司绩效对于股权激励有显著的负向影响,但考虑调整成本后影响不再显著;在决定因素方面,股权激励的调整速度与机构投资者持股比例、高管数量以及市场价格正相关,公司绩效的调整速度与沉没成本正相关而与公司定价能力负相关．     

The assessment of user-perceived web quality: Application of a satisfaction benchmarking approach

The assessment of website quality is considered as a problem of measuring user satisfaction, in order to analyse user perceptions and preferences. The presented pilot user satisfaction survey concerns the major cellular phone service providers in Greece. The analysis is based on a multicriteria preference disaggregation approach for satisfaction benchmarking analysis and consists of the following parts: (1) the user satisfaction analysis, which concerns the identification of customer preferences and includes the estimation of the relative importance and the demanding level of the different user satisfaction dimensions, and (2) the satisfaction benchmarking analysis, which is mainly focused on the performance evaluation of the competitive organisations against the satisfaction criteria, as well as the identification of the competitive advantages of each company. The results presented in this paper demonstrate how business organisations may locate their position against competition, pinpoint their weak points and determine which website characteristics will improve their global performance.     

关于贸易周期的多维预警——多维指数构建及多维分析方法的应用

基于先行指标体系研究贸易周期,对于探测周期的拐点有重要的作用,进一步对出口、进口周期之间的关系以及出口、进口与经济周期之间的关系进行研究,将可以探测系统的拐点.然而,目前传统的景气分析方法只能针对一个经济周期进行分析,不能同时考虑多个周期的联动关系.而多维周期分析方法能够同时分析多个周期之间的动态关系及其演变过程,从而全面地反应经济周期的运行规律.本文首先对多维周期的分析方法进行了理论上的介绍;其次,运用FHLR方法构建了我国贸易周期的多维一致指数;然后,运用多维方法对贸易周期及其与重要经济变量的关系进行了多维分析,得出了一些重要结论.