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1.
杨超  姚兵  王宏宇  陈祥恩 《数学杂志》2014,34(2):295-302
本文研究了最大度为3且没有相邻最大度的图的邻点可区别全染色.利用边剖分的方法,构造了此类图更为一般的情形,得到了它们的邻点可区别全色数的上界.目前,未找到最大度为3的图且它的邻点可区别全色数是6.本文的结果部分地回答了这个问题.  相似文献   

2.
利用穷染、递推的方法讨论了路、圈、完全图、轮和扇的邻点可区别Ⅵ-全染色.并用概率方法研究了一般图的邻点可区别E-全染色,给出了图的邻点可区别E-全色数的一个上界.即δ≥7且△≥28,则有x_(at)~e(G)≤10△,其中δ是图G的最小度,△是图G的最大度.  相似文献   

3.
根据图的邻点可区别VE-全染色的定义和性质,用概率方法研究了图的邻点可区别VE-全染色,并给出了图的邻点可区别VE-全色数的一个上界.如果δ≥7且△≥25,则有xatue(G)≤7△,其中δ是图G的最小度,△是图G的最大度.  相似文献   

4.
若图的邻点可区别全染色的各色所染元素数之差不超过1,则称该染色法为图的均匀邻点可区别全染色,而所用的最少颜色数称为该图的均匀邻点可区别全色数.本文给出了一类二部图的均匀邻点可区别全染色数.  相似文献   

5.
王维凡  王平 《中国科学A辑》2009,39(12):1462-1472
图 $G$ 的邻点可区别全染色是$G$ 的一个正常全染色, 使得每一对相邻顶点有不同的颜色集合. $G$的邻点可区别全色数$\chi''''_{a}(G)$是使得$G$有一个$k$-\!邻点可区别全染色的最小的整数$k$. 本文完整刻画了没有$K_4$-\!图子式的图的邻点可区别全色数. 证明了:如果 $G$是一个满足最大度$\Delta \ge 3$且没有$K_4$-\!图子式的图, 则$\Delta+1\le \chi''''_{a}(G)\le \Delta+2$, 且$\chi''''_{a}(G)=\Delta+2$当且仅当$G$中含有两个相邻最大度点.  相似文献   

6.
Mycielski图是在1955年由Mycielski首先提出的,推广的Mycielski图是在2003年由Peter Che Bor Lam,林文松等给出的Mycielski图的一个自然推广,且研究了它的圆色数.目前关于推广的Mycielski图性质以及它们在点色数,分数色数,圆色数等方面已有许多研究.本文定义了推广的Mycielski图的另一推广称为类推广的Mycielski图,且探讨了推广的Mycielski图和类推广的Mycielski图在全染色、邻点可区别全染色方面与原基础图的关系,从而也得到了它们满足全染色猜想和邻点可区别全染色猜想及它们达到全色数和邻点可区别的全色数的下界的一些充分条件.  相似文献   

7.
关于图的邻点可区别全染色   总被引:107,自引:2,他引:105       下载免费PDF全文
提出了图的邻点可区别全染色的概念, 给出了圈、完全图、完全二部图、扇、轮和树的邻点可区别全色数.  相似文献   

8.
设f:V(G)∪E(G)→{1,2,…,k}是图G的一个正常k-全染色。令■其中N(x)={y∈V(G)|xy∈E(G)}。对任意的边uv∈E(C),若有Φ(u)≠Φ(v)成立,则称f是图G的一个邻点全和可区别k-全染色。图G的邻点全和可区别全染色中最小的颜色数k叫做G的邻点全和可区别全色数,记为f tndi∑(G)。本文确定了路、圈、星、轮、完全二部图、完全图以及树的邻点全和可区别全色数,同时猜想:简单图G(≠K2)的邻点全和可区别全色数不超过△(G)+2。  相似文献   

9.
设f是图G的一个正常全染色.对任意x∈V(G),令C(x)表示与点x相关联的边的颜色以及点x的颜色所构成的集合.若对任意uv∈E(G),有C(u)≠C(v),则称.f是图G的一个邻点可区别全染色.对一个图G进行邻点可区别全染色所需的最少的颜色的数目称为G的邻点可区别全色数,记为Xat(G).用C_5∨K_t表示长为5的圈与t阶完全图的联图.讨论了C_5∨K_t的邻点可区别全色数.利用正多边形的对称性构造染色以及组合分析的方法,得到了当t是大于等于3的奇数以及t是偶数且2≤t≤22时,X_(at)(C_5 V K_t)=t+6,当t是偶数且t≥24时,X_(at)(C_5 V K_t)=t+7.  相似文献   

10.
图的一个边正常的全染色满足相邻点的色集合不同时被称为邻点可区别Ⅵ-全染色,把所用的最少颜色数称为邻点可区别Ⅵ-全色数,其中任意一点的色集合为点上与关联边所染的颜色构成的集合.应用构造邻点可区别Ⅵ-全染色函数法得到了路、圈、星和扇的倍图的邻点可区别Ⅵ-全色数,进一步验证图的邻点可区别Ⅵ-全染色猜想.  相似文献   

11.
设f:V(G)∪E(G)→{1,2,…,k}是简单图G的一个正常k-全染色.令C(f,u)={f(e):e∈N_e(u)},C[f,u]=C(f,u)∪{f(u)},C_2[f,u]=C(f,u)∪{f(x):x∈N(u)}∪{f(u)}.N(u)表示顶点u的邻集,N_e(u)表示与顶点u的相关联的边的集合.令C[f;x]={C(f,x);C[f,x];C_2[f,x]},对任意的xy∈E(G),G[f;x]≠C[f;y]表示C(f,x)≠C(f,y),C[f,x]≠C[f,y],C_2[f,x]≠C_3[f,y]同时成立.对任意的边xy∈E(G),如果有C[f;x]≠C[f;y]成立,则称f是图G的一个k-(3)-邻点可区别全染色(简记为(3)-AVDTC).图G的(3)-邻点可区别全染色中最小的颜色数叫做G的(3)-邻点可区别全色数,记为x_((3)as)″(G).研究了联图,完全二部图的(3)-邻点可区别全染色,得到了它们的(3)-邻点可区别全色数.  相似文献   

12.
An edge coloring totalk-labeling is a labeling of the vertices and the edges of a graph G with labels{1,2,...,k}such that the weights of the edges defne a proper edge coloring of G.Here the weight of an edge is the sum of its label and the labels of its two end vertices.This concept was introduce by Brandt et al.They defnedχt(G)to be the smallest integer k for which G has an edge coloring total k-labeling and proposed a question:Is there a constant K withχt(G)≤Δ(G)+12+K for all graphs G of maximum degreeΔ(G)?In this paper,we give a positive answer for outerplanar graphs by showing thatχt(G)≤Δ(G)+12+1 for each outerplanar graph G with maximum degreeΔ(G).  相似文献   

13.
邻点可区别全染色猜想得到了国内外许多学者的关注和研究.迄今为止,这个猜想没有得到证明,也没有关于这个猜想的反例.叉连图对邻点可区别全染色猜想成立给予了证明,并给出了精确值.同时,证明了:存在无穷多个图,它们中的每一个图H至少包含一个真子图HH~1,使得x_as~″(H~1)x_as~″(H).  相似文献   

14.
This paper studies the quantity p(n,r), that is the minimal number of edges of an n-uniform hypergraph without panchromatic coloring (it means that every edge meets every color) in r colors. If rcnlnn then all bounds have a type A1(n,lnn,r)(rr?1)np(n,r)A2(n,r,lnr)(rr?1)n, where A1, A2 are some algebraic fractions. The main result is a new lower bound on p(n,r) when r is at least cn; we improve an upper bound on p(n,r) if n=o(r32).Also we show that p(n,r) has upper and lower bounds depending only on nr when the ratio nr is small, which cannot be reached by the previous probabilistic machinery.Finally we construct an explicit example of a hypergraph without panchromatic coloring and with (rr?1+o(1))n edges for r=o(nlnn).  相似文献   

15.
The set of problems we consider here are generalizations of square-free sequences [A. Thue, Über unendliche Zeichenreichen, Norske Vid Selsk. Skr. I. Mat. Nat. Kl. Christiana 7 (1906) 1-22]. A finite sequence a1a2an of symbols from a set S is called square-free if it does not contain a sequence of the form ww=x1x2xmx1x2xm,xiS, as a subsequence of consecutive terms. Extending the above concept to graphs, a coloring of the edge set E in a graph G(V,E) is called square-free if the sequence of colors on any path in G is square-free. This was introduced by Alon et al. [N. Alon, J. Grytczuk, M. Ha?uszczak, O. Riordan, Nonrepetitive colorings of graphs, Random Struct. Algor. 21 (2002) 336-346] who proved bounds on the minimum number of colors needed for a square-free edge-coloring of G on the class of graphs with bounded maximum degree and trees. We discuss several variations of this problem and give a few new bounds.  相似文献   

16.
A proper [h]-total coloring c of a graph G is a proper total coloring c of G using colors of the set [h]={1,2,...,h}.Letw(u) denote the sum of the color on a vertex u and colors on all the edges incident to u.For each edge uv∈E(G),if w(u)≠w(v),then we say the coloring c distinguishes adjacent vertices by sum and call it a neighbor sum distinguishing [h]-total coloring of G.By tndi(G),we denote the smallest value h in such a coloring of G.In this paper,we obtain that G is a graph with at least two vertices,if mad(G)3,then tndi∑(G)≤k+2 where k=max{Δ(G),5}.It partially con?rms the conjecture proposed by Pil′sniak and Wozniak.  相似文献   

17.
18.
Let be nonnegative integers. A graph G is ‐colorable if its vertex set can be partitioned into sets such that the graph induced by has maximum degree at most d for , while the graph induced by is an edgeless graph for . In this article, we give two real‐valued functions and such that any graph with maximum average degree at most is ‐colorable, and there exist non‐‐colorable graphs with average degree at most . Both these functions converge (from below) to when d tends to infinity. This implies that allowing a color to be d‐improper (i.e., of type ) even for a large degree d increases the maximum average degree that guarantees the existence of a valid coloring only by 1. Using a color of type (even with a very large degree d) is somehow less powerful than using two colors of type (two stable sets).  相似文献   

19.
An L(2,1)-coloring of a graph G is a coloring of G's vertices with integers in {0,1,…,k} so that adjacent vertices’ colors differ by at least two and colors of distance-two vertices differ. We refer to an L(2,1)-coloring as a coloring. The span λ(G) of G is the smallest k for which G has a coloring, a span coloring is a coloring whose greatest color is λ(G), and the hole index ρ(G) of G is the minimum number of colors in {0,1,…,λ(G)} not used in a span coloring. We say that G is full-colorable if ρ(G)=0. More generally, a coloring of G is a no-hole coloring if it uses all colors between 0 and its maximum color. Both colorings and no-hole colorings were motivated by channel assignment problems. We define the no-hole span μ(G) of G as ∞ if G has no no-hole coloring; otherwise μ(G) is the minimum k for which G has a no-hole coloring using colors in {0,1,…,k}.

Let n denote the number of vertices of G, and let Δ be the maximum degree of vertices of G. Prior work shows that all non-star trees with Δ3 are full-colorable, all graphs G with n=λ(G)+1 are full-colorable, μ(G)λ(G)+ρ(G) if G is not full-colorable and nλ(G)+2, and G has a no-hole coloring if and only if nλ(G)+1. We prove two extremal results for colorings. First, for every m1 there is a G with ρ(G)=m and μ(G)=λ(G)+m. Second, for every m2 there is a connected G with λ(G)=2m, n=λ(G)+2 and ρ(G)=m.  相似文献   


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