具有幂零奇点的七次Hamilton系统Abel积分的零点个数估计

本文研究了具有幂零奇点的七次Hamilton系统的Abel积分的零点个数问题.利用Picard-Fuchs方程法,得到了Abel积分I(h)=∮_(Γh)g(x,y)dx-f(x,y)dy在(0,1/4)上零点个数B(n≤3[(n-1)/4]),其中Γ_h是H(x,y)=x~4+y~4-x~8=h,h∈(0,1/4),所定义的卵形线f(x,y)=∑(1≤4i+4j+1≤n)aijx~(4i+1)y~4j)和g(x,y)=∑(1≤4i+4j+1≤n)bijx~4iy~(4j+1)是x和y的次数不超过n的多项式.     

一类三次Hamilton系统的极限环分支

利用Picard-Fuchs方程法得到了Abelian积分I(h)=∮_(Г_h)g(x,y)dx-f(x,y)dy的零点个数的上界,其中Γ_h是由H(x,y)=x~2+y~2+2xy+a(x~4+y~4)=h定义的闭轨线,a0,h∈(0,+∞),f(x,y)和g(x,y)是关于x和y的n次多项式.进而得到该系统极限环个数的上界.     

一类扰动超椭圆Hamilton系统的Abel积分零点个数上确界

本文研究Abel积分Γh(a0+a1x+a2x2+a3x3)ydx零点个数上确界,其中Γh是超椭圆Hamilton量H(x,y)=1/2y2+9/2x2+5x3+7/4x4+1/5x5的闭代数曲线族.根据Abel积分生成元的Chebyshev理论和Abel积分的渐进展开式,结合多项式符号计算技术证明3是Abel积分零点个数的一个上界,并且可以达到3个零点.     

一类具有幂零中心四次Hamiltonian的Abelian积分的零点个数

该文证明了Hamiltonian H(x,y)=-x~2+ax~2y~2+bx~4+cy~4的Abelian积分在区间(c/(a~2-4bc),0)上零点的个数不超过3n+3[(n-1)/4]+14(计重数),其中a0,b-2,c0,a~24bc.     

一类四次Hamiltonian函数周期环域的环性

证明了三次Hamiltonian系统x=2y(b+cx~2+2y~2),y=-2x(a+2x~2+cy~2)在n次多项式扰动下极限环的个数不超过3[n-1/4]+12[n-3/4]+22(计重数),其中a0,b0c-2.     

一道全国高中数学联赛试题的进一步研究

2014年全国高中数学联赛试题B卷解析几何试题为:如图1,椭圆Γ:x2/4+y2=1,A(-2,0),B(0,-1)是椭圆Γ上的两点,直线l1:x=-2,l2:y=-1,P(x0,y0)(x0>0,y0>0)是Γ上的一个动点,l3是过点P且与Γ相切的直线,C、D、E分别是直线l1与l2,l2与l3,l3与l1的交点,求证:三条直线AD,BE和CP共点.     

广义齐次函数

若函数f(x,y)在其定义域G上满足恒等式 f(tx,ty)=t~nf(x,y),t>0,则称f(x,y)为n次齐次函数。把这个概念推广一下,还可以得到一类广义齐次函数,本文的目的就是对这类广义齐次函数的性质作一初步的讨论。定义.若函数f(x,y)在其定义域G上对一切t>0恒满足等式 f(tx,ty)=h(x,y)k(t)+z~mf(x,y),(1)其中h(x,y)为n次齐次函数,k(t)=t~mlnt(n=m时)或k(t)=(t~n-t~m)(n≠m时),则我们称函数f(x,y)为关于特征函数h(x,y)的m次广义齐次函数。例如,xlny+ylnx+x为关于特征函数x+y的1次广义齐次函数。而x~2+y~2+x~2y则为关于特     

趣味数学几例

1.今年元旦是星期日,试问今年元旦后的第1984~(1984)天是星期几。解:∵1984~(1984)=(283×7+3)~(1984) =7m+3~(1984),m∈N。而 3~6≡1(mod7),3~(1984)=3~4×3~(6×330) 3~4≡4(mod7),∴1984~(1984)≡4 (mod7)。答:今年元旦后的第1984~(1984)天是丛期四。 2.若f(x+1)=|x-1|,求f(1984)。解:令 x+1=1984,则x-1=1982, ∴ f(1984)=1982。 3.已知 f(x)=3x+1,g(x)=2x-1,h(g〔f(x)〕)=f(x)。求h(1984)。解:∵ f(y)=3y+1, ∴ g〔f(y)〕=2(3y+1)-1=6y+1, 故h(6y+1)=3y+1。令6y+1=1984,     

新题征展(132)

A题组新编1.设△ABC的内角A,B,C的对边长分别为a,b,c,已知cos(A-C) +cosB=t(t是已知的正数),根据下列条件分别求出角B的大小:(1)a,b,c成等比数列;(2)a,b,c成等差数列.2.(1)求数列{2(n-1)/x(2n-1)+1}的前n项和Sn;(3n+1)+(3n+4)+(3(2)求数列(3n-2)+(3n+1)+(3n+4)+(3n+7)/(3n-2)(3n+1)(3n+4)(3n+7)的前n项和Tn.3.(1)证明:2(2n)-1 (n ∈ N*)至少有n个不同的素因数;(2)求C12n,C32n,C52n,…,C2n-12n的最大公约数.B藏题新掘4.已知曲线C:x｜x｜/a2-y｜y｜/b2=1,下列叙述中错误的是A.垂直于x轴的直线与曲线C只有一个交点B.直线y=kx +m(后,m∈R)与曲线C最多有三个交点C.曲线C关于直线y=-x对称D.若P1(x1,y1),P2(x2,y2)为曲线C上任意两点,则有(y1-y2)/(x1-x2) ＞05.(二项式定理)在(x+y)n的展开式中,若第七项系数最大,则n的值可能等于____.     

拟线性常微分方程组边值问题解的估计

本文研究拟线性常微分方程组边值问题x′=f(t,x,y,ε),x(0,ε)=A(ε) εy″=g(t,x,y,ε)y′+h(t,x,y,ε) y(0,ε)=B(ε),y(1,ε)=C(ε)的奇摄动。其中x,f,y,h,A,B和C均属于Rn,g是n×n矩阵函数。在适当的条件下,利用对角化技巧和不动点定理证明解的存在,并估计了余项.     

Complete Hyper-elliptic Integrals of the First Kind and the Chebyshev Property

This paper is devoted to study the following complete hyper-elliptic integral of the first kind $$J(h)=\oint\limits_{\Gamma_h}\frac{\alpha_0+\alpha_1x+\alpha_2x^2+\alpha_3x^3}{y}dx,$$ where $\alpha_i\in\mathbb{R}$, $\Gamma_h$ is an oval contained in the level set $\{H(x,y)=h, h\in(-\frac{5}{36},0)\}$ and $H(x,y)=\frac{1}{2}y^2-\frac{1}{4}x^4+\frac{1}{9}x^9$. We show that the 3-dimensional real vector spaces of these integrals are Chebyshev for $\alpha_0=0$ and Chebyshev with accuracy one for $\alpha_i=0\ (i=1,2,3)$.     

Regularity of Positive Solutions for an Integral System on Heisenberg Group

In this paper, we are concerned with the properties of positive solutions of the following nonlinear integral systems on the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^n$, \begin{equation} \left\{\begin{array}{ll} u(x)=\int_{\mathbb{H}^n}\frac{v^{q}(y)w^{r}(y)}{|x^{-1}y|^\alpha|y|^\beta}\,dy,\\ v(x)=\int_{\mathbb{H}^n}\frac{u^{p}(y)w^{r}(y)}{|x^{-1}y|^\alpha|y|^\beta}\,dy,\\ w(x)=\int_{\mathbb{H}^n}\frac{u^{p}(y)v^{q}(y)}{|x^{-1}y|^\alpha|y|^\beta}\,dy,\\ \end{array}\right.\end{equation} for $x\in \mathbb{H}^n$, where $0<\alpha 1$ satisfying $\frac{1}{p+1} $+ $\frac{1}{q+1} + \frac{1}{r+1} = \frac{Q+α+β}{Q}.$ We show that positive solution triples $(u,v,w)\in L^{p+1}(\mathbb{H}^n)\times L^{q+1}(\mathbb{H}^n)\times L^{r+1}(\mathbb{H}^n)$ are bounded and they converge to zero when $|x|→∞.$     

ON LINEAR AND NONLINEAR RIEMANN-HILBERT PROBLEMS FOR REGULAR FUNCTION WITH VALUES IN A CLIFFORD ALGEBRA

This paper deals with the boundary value problems for regular function with valuesin a Clifford algebra: ()W=O, x∈R~n\Г, w~+(x)=G(x)W~-(x)+λf(x, W~+(x), W~-(x)), x∈Г; W~-(∞)=0,where Г is a Liapunov surface in R~n the differential operator ()=()/()x_1+()/()x_2+…+()/()x_ne_n, W(x) =∑_A, ()_AW_A(x) are unknown functions with values in a Clifford algebra ()_n Undersome hypotheses, it is proved that the linear baundary value problem (where λf(x, W~+(x),W~-(x)) =g(x)) has a unique solution and the nonlinear boundary value problem has atleast one solution.     

Two families of approximations for the gamma function

In this paper, we establish two families of approximations for the gamma function: $$ \begin{array}{lll} {\varGamma}(x+1)&=\sqrt{2\pi x}{\left({\frac{x+a}{{\mathrm{e}}}}\right)}^x {\left({\frac{x+a}{x-a}}\right)}^{-\frac{x}{2}+\frac{1}{4}} {\left({\frac{x+b}{x-b}}\right)}^{\sum\limits_{k=0}^m\frac{{\beta}_k}{x^{2k}}+O{{\left(\frac{1}{x^{2m+2}}\right)}}},\\ {\varGamma}(x+1)&=\sqrt{2\pi x}\cdot(x+a)^{\frac{x}{2}+\frac{1}{4}}(x-a)^{\frac{x}{2}-\frac{1}{4}} {\left({\frac{x-1}{x+1}}\right)}^{\frac{x^2}{2}}\\ &\quad\times {\left({\frac{x-c}{x+c}}\right)}^{\sum\limits_{k=0}^m\frac{{\gamma}_k}{x^{2k}}+O{\left({\frac{1}{x^{2m+2}}}\right)}}, \end{array}$$ where the constants ${\beta }_k$ and ${\gamma }_k$ can be determined by recurrences, and $a$ , $b$ , $c$ are parameters. Numerical comparison shows that our results are more accurate than Stieltjes, Luschny and Nemes’ formulae, which, to our knowledge, are better than other approximations in the literature.     

Bombieri's theorem in short intervals

The well-known Bombieri-A. I. Vinogradov theorem states that (1) $$\sum\limits_{q \leqslant x^{\tfrac{1}{2}} (\log x)^{ - s} } {\mathop {\max }\limits_{(a,q) = 1} \mathop {\max }\limits_{y \leqslant x} } \left| {\psi (y,q;a) - \frac{y}{{\varphi (q)}}} \right| \ll \frac{x}{{(\log x)^A }},$$ whereA is an arbitrary positive constant,B=B(A)>0, and as usual, $$\psi (x,q;a) = \sum\limits_{\mathop {n \leqslant x}\limits_{n = a(q)} } {\Lambda (n),}$$ Λ being the Von Mangoldt's function. The problem of finding a result analogous to (1) for short intervals was investigated by many authors. Using Heath-Brown's identity and the approximate functional equation for DirichletL-functions, A. Perelli, J. Pintz and S. Salerno in 1985 established the following extension of Bombieri's theorem: Theorem 1. (2) $$\sum\limits_{q \leqslant Q} {\mathop {\max }\limits_{(a,q) = 1} \mathop {\max }\limits_{h \leqslant y} \mathop {\max }\limits_{\frac{x}{2}< \approx \leqslant x} } \left| {\psi (z + h,q;a) - \psi (z,q;a) - \frac{h}{{\varphi (q)}}} \right| \ll \frac{y}{{(\log x)^A }}$$ where A>0 is an arbitrary constant,y=x ^θ $$\frac{7}{{12}}< \theta \leqslant 1, Q = x^{\frac{1}{{40}}} .$$ ,Q=x ^1/40. By improving the basic lemma which A. Perelli, J. Pintz and S. Salerno used as the main tool to prove Theorem 1, we obtain Theorem 2.Under the same condition as in Theorem 1,for Q=x ^1/38.5, (2)still holds.     

On Ivády’s bounds for the gamma function and related results

Periodica Mathematica Hungarica - We prove that the inequality $$\begin{aligned} \Gamma (x+1)\le \frac{x^2+\beta }{x+\beta } \end{aligned}$$ holds for all $$x\in [0,1]$$ , $$\beta \ge {\beta...     

A Fourth Order Finite Difference Approximation to the Eigenvalues Approximation to the Eigenvalues of a Clamped Plate

In a 21-point finite difference scheme, assign suitable interpolation values to the fictitious node points. The numerical eigenvalues are then of $O(h^2)$ precision. But the corrected value $\hat{λ}_h=λ_h+\frac{h^2}{6}λ_h^{\frac{3}{2}}$ and extrapolation $\hatλ_h=\frac{4}{3}λ_{\frac{λ}{2}}-\frac{1}{3}λ_h$can be proved to have $O(h^4)$ precision.     

TIME OPTIMAL BOUNDARY CONTROL FOR SYSTEMS GOVERNED BY PARABOLIC EQUATIONS

In this paper we consider the systems governed, by parabolioc equations \[\frac{{\partial y}}{{\partial t}} = \sum\limits_{i,j = 1}^n {\frac{\partial }{{\partial {x_i}}}} ({a_{ij}}(x,t)\frac{{\partial y}}{{\partial {x_j}}}) - ay + f(x,t)\] subject to the boundary control \[\frac{{\partial y}}{{\partial {\nu _A}}}{|_\sum } = u(x,t)\] with the initial condition \[y(x,0) = {y_0}(x)\] We suppose that U is a compact set but may not be convex in \[{H^{ - \frac{1}{2}}}(\Gamma )\], Given \[{y_1}( \cdot ) \in {L^2}(\Omega )\] and d>0, the time optimal control problem requiers to find the control \[u( \cdot ,t) \in U\] for steering the initial state {y_0}( \cdot )\] the final state \[\left\| {{y_1}( \cdot ) - y( \cdot ,t)} \right\| \le d\] in a minimum, time. The following maximum principle is proved: Theorem. If \[{u^*}(x,t)\] is the optimal control and \[{t^*}\] the optimal time, then there is a solution to the equation \[\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} { - \frac{{\partial p}}{{\partial t}} = \sum\limits_{i,j = 1}^n {\frac{\partial }{{\partial {x_i}}}({a_{ji}}(x,t)\frac{{\partial p}}{{\partial {x_j}}}) - \alpha p,} }\{\frac{{\partial p}}{{\partial {\nu _{{A^'}}}}}{|_\sum } = 0} \end{array}} \right.\] with the final condition \[p(x,{t^*}) = {y^*}(x,{t^*}) - {y_1}(x)\], such that \[\int_\Gamma {p(x,t){u^*}} (x,t)d\Gamma = \mathop {\max }\limits_{u( \cdot ) \in U} \int_\Gamma {p(x,t)u(x)d\Gamma } \]     

参数函数$\epsilon$取边际值时的$GCF_\epsilon$集

Let ∈ :N → R be a parameter function satisfying the condition ∈(k) + k + 1 > 0and let T∈ :(0,1] →(0,1] be a transformation defined by T∈(x) =-1 +(k + 1)x1 + k-k∈x for x ∈(1k + 1,1k].Under the algorithm T∈,every x ∈(0,1] is attached an expansion,called generalized continued fraction(GCF∈) expansion with parameters by Schweiger.Define the sequence {kn(x)}n≥1of the partial quotients of x by k1(x) = ∈1/x∈ and kn(x) = k1(Tn-1∈(x)) for every n ≥ 2.Under the restriction-k-1 < ∈(k) <-k,define the set of non-recurring GCF∈expansions as F∈= {x ∈(0,1] :kn+1(x) > kn(x) for infinitely many n}.It has been proved by Schweiger that F∈has Lebesgue measure 0.In the present paper,we strengthen this result by showing that{dim H F∈≥12,when ∈(k) =-k-1 + ρ for a constant 0 < ρ < 1;1s+2≤ dimHF∈≤1s,when ∈(k) =-k-1 +1ksfor any s ≥ 1where dim H denotes the Hausdorff dimension.     

Inequalities for the inverses of the polygamma functions

We provide an elementary proof of the left-hand side of the following inequality and give a new upper bound for it.

$$\begin{aligned} \bigg [\frac{n!}{x-(x^{-1/n}+\alpha )^{-n}}\bigg ]^{\frac{1}{n+1}}&<((-1)^{n-1}\psi ^{(n)})^{-1}(x) \\&<\bigg [\frac{n!}{x-(x^{-1/n}+\beta )^{-n}}\bigg ]^{\frac{1}{n+1}}, \end{aligned}$$

where \(\alpha =[(n-1)!]^{-1/n}\) and \(\beta =[n!\zeta (n+1)]^{-1/n}\), which was proved in Batir (J Math Anal Appl 328:452–465, 2007), and we prove the following inequalities for the inverse of the digamma function \(\psi \).

$$\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{\log (1+e^{-x})}<\psi ^{-1}(x)< e^{x}+\frac{1}{2}, \quad x\in \mathbb {R}. \end{aligned}$$

The proofs are based on nice applications of the mean value theorem for differentiation and elementary properties of the polygamma functions.