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离散设施选址问题研究综述   总被引:23,自引:1,他引:22  
本文首先回顾了设施选址问题百年发展历史,认为其研究经历了零散研究、系统研究、不确定性研究三个阶段.离散选址问题包括中值问题、覆盖问题、中心问题、多产品问题、动态问题、多目标问题、路径选址问题、网络中心选址问题8个子问题.最后作者讨论了选址问题研究中存在的问题以及今后发展的趋势.  相似文献   

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数学转化思想是“把问题元素从一种形式向另一种形式转化的能力”.就解题的本质而言,解题既意味着转化,既把生疏问题转化为熟习问题,把抽象问题转化为具体问题,把复杂问题转化为简单问题,把一般问题转化为特殊问题,把高次问题转化为底次问题;把未知条件转化为已知条件,把一个综合问题转化为几个基本问题,  相似文献   

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对于一类具有广泛应用背景的非单调互补问题,我们构建了这类问题的Canonical对偶问题。其对偶问题可以写成和原问题类似的互补问题。我们给出了对偶问题和原问题解之间的对偶关系,并且将对偶问题转化成一个一维优化问题,这不但可以方便的求解这类问题,也为研究这类问题性质提供了一个非常直观的研究工具。最后,本文给出了几个算例来演示对偶问题的性质。  相似文献   

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<正>整体思想,就是在解决有关数学问题时,通过观察问题的整体形式、整体结构、整体特征,从而对问题进行整体处理的解题方法.从整体上去认识问题、思考问题,常常能化繁为简、变难为易.转化思想是解决数学问题的一种最基本的数学思想,我们通常是将未知问题转化为已知的问题,将复杂的问题转化为简单的问题,将抽象的问题转化为具体的问题,将  相似文献   

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立体几何问题的解决方法主要是运用转化与化归的思想,将空间问题转化为平面问题,将未知问题转化为熟知问题,将几何问题转化为代数问题.转化,可以说是解决立体几何问题的“金钥匙”.  相似文献   

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货郎问题(TSP)是研究计算复杂性理论的经典问题.在货郎问题的基础上,提出"数学家货郎问题"(MTSP).经过研究发现,数学家货郎问题是一个典型的NP类问题,但它却不属于P类问题.因此,数学家货郎问题是一个NP类问题与P类问题不相等的例证.  相似文献   

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同学们都知道:我们研究立体几何问题时常常是将空间问题转化为若干个平面问题,然后逐个解决各平面问题,从而达到对空间问题的解决.可是在我们将空间立体几何问题转化为平面几何问题的过程中,有时会将平面几何问题的平面特征图形画错,因而导致解题失  相似文献   

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所谓"问题情境",是把学生置于新的未知的问题气氛之中,使学生能够提出问题、思考问题并且能够解决问题,使学生在一个动态过程中学习数学.课堂问题情境,其中包含的不仅仅有问题,更重要的是包含着教师对问题的设计,以及学生对问题的应激状态.让课堂最初由问题引起,最终远远胜过问题本身  相似文献   

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问题是数学的心脏,数学的真正组成部分是问题和解.波普尔指出:知识的增长永远始于问题,终于问题——愈来愈深化的问题,愈来愈能启发大量新问题的问题.在数学教学中,从课堂提问到新概念的形成与确立  相似文献   

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1忽视对基本数学概念的理解,是当前数学教学中的突出问题文[1]就问题解决提出了五个有待于研究的问题.其中第一个问题是问题解决如何科学地界定?第二个问题是问题解决同基础知识与基本技能有何关系?众所周知,问题解决是继  相似文献   

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We study a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments belonging to higher order Wiener chaoses which are similar to Hermite processes. We obtain an almost sure wavelet-like expansion of these processes. This allows us to compute the pointwise and local Hölder regularity of sample paths and to analyse their behaviour at infinity. We also provide some results on the Hausdorff dimension of the range and graphs of multidimensional anisotropic self-similar processes with stationary increments defined by multiple Wiener–Itô integrals.  相似文献   

13.
It is considered the class of Riemann surfaces with dimT1 = 0, where T1 is a subclass of exact harmonic forms which is one of the factors in the orthogonal decomposition of the spaceΩH of harmonic forms of the surface, namely The surfaces in the class OHD and the class of planar surfaces satisfy dimT1 = 0. A.Pfluger posed the question whether there might exist other surfaces outside those two classes. Here it is shown that in the case of finite genus g, we should look for a surface S with dimT1 = 0 among the surfaces of the form Sg\K , where Sg is a closed surface of genus g and K a compact set of positive harmonic measure with perfect components and very irregular boundary.  相似文献   

14.
Schr(o)dinger operator is a central subject in the mathematical study of quantum mechanics.Consider the Schrodinger operator H = -△ V on R, where △ = d2/dx2 and the potential function V is real valued. In Fourier analysis, it is well-known that a square integrable function admits an expansion with exponentials as eigenfunctions of -△. A natural conjecture is that an L2 function admits a similar expansion in terms of "eigenfunctions" of H, a perturbation of the Laplacian (see [7], Ch. Ⅺ and the notes), under certain condition on V.  相似文献   

15.
As early as in 1990, Professor Sun Yongsheng, suggested his students at Beijing Normal University to consider research problems on the unit sphere. Under his guidance and encouragement his students started the research on spherical harmonic analysis and approximation. In this paper, we incompletely introduce the main achievements in this area obtained by our group and relative researchers during recent 5 years (2001-2005). The main topics are: convergence of Cesaro summability, a.e. and strong summability of Fourier-Laplace series; smoothness and K-functionals; Kolmogorov and linear widths.  相似文献   

16.
张丽娜  吴建华 《数学进展》2008,37(1):115-117
One of the most fundamental problems in theoretical biology is to explain the mechanisms by which patterns and forms are created in the'living world. In his seminal paper "The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis", Turing showed that a system of coupled reaction-diffusion equations can be used to describe patterns and forms in biological systems. However, the first experimental evidence to the Turing patterns was observed by De Kepper and her associates(1990) on the CIMA reaction in an open unstirred reactor, almost 40 years after Turing's prediction. Lengyel and Epstein characterized this famous experiment using a system of reaction-diffusion equations. The Lengyel-Epstein model is in the form as follows  相似文献   

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<正>Aims and Scope Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications(JMRA),formerly Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition(JMRE)created in 1981,is one of the transactions of China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,and is a bimonthly journal.JMRA is dedicated to publishing first-rate original research papers in all areas of mathematics with applications,and making research findings available to a wide scientific world,as JMRE has for many years.In line with the name change,the new scope of Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications will not include the articles on mathematical methodology and mathematical philosophy.Copyright Information  相似文献   

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