关于伪准素环的注记

一个有单位元的交换环Ｒ称为伪准素环，如果Ｒ的每个非零理想都是某个准素理想之幂．本文证明了环Ｒ是伪准素环当且仅当Ｒ是准素环或Ｒ是两个域的直和或Ｒ是至多具有三个素理想的一维局部环，并且每个非零理想或是某个极小素理想之幂或是某个属于极大理想的准不比理想之幂.     

关于半准素环

交换环Ｒ称为（受限制的）半准素环，如果对Ｒ的每个（非零）主理想Ａ，都有A^1/2是Ｒ的素理想，本文刻画了受限制的半准素环，给出了有单位元的Ｎｏｅｔｈｅｒ受限制的半准素环的分类以及半准素整环是伪赋值整环的一个条件     

K-本原环的结构

研究K-本原环.证明了素环R是K-本原环当且仅当R含有一个非零理想I是K-本原环,当且仅当eRe是K-本原环,其中e是R的非零幂等元.并证明了GPI素环是K-本原环.推广了文献中的相应结果.     

Dedekind整环的一种推广

交换环R称为β-环,如果对R的每个非零理想A和A中的每个非零元素a,都存在元素b∈A使得A=(a,b)。本文用熟知的环给出了有单位元的β-环的完全分类,并给出了一类β-环的结构定理,最后提出了一个有待解决的问题。     

交换局部环上的强二和3×3矩阵（英文）

称环R的元有强二和性质,如果它可以写成环中两个可交换单位的和.如果环R的每个元都有强二和性质,则称环R为强二和环.本文研究了3×3阶矩阵环的两个子环L(R)和■(R)的强二和性质.证明了对一交换局部环R,L(R)是强二和环当且仅当R是强二和环当且仅当■(R)是强二和环.同时还证明了对一交换局部环R,它是强二和环当且仅当T_n(R)(n=2,3)的每个角环都是强二和环.     

关于弱正则环的一些结果

本文第一部分讨论了弱正则环。引进了半平坦模的概念,并证明了一个有单位元的环是弱正则的当且仅当所有右R-模是半平坦的.第二部分讨论了Reduced弱正则环。主要结果有:(1)Reduced弱正则环R是强正则的当且仅当R有有限的素维数;(2)Reduced弱正则环是p. p. 环;(3)如果一个环R是Reduced弱正则的,那么Spec(R)是紧的,Hausdorff的和全不连通的拓扑空间。从而改进了[3]的一些结果。本文中所讨论的环若与其对应的模范畴有关,就自然认为其有单位元。     

半零可换环的一个问题（英文）

环R称为半零可换的,如果由a,b∈R,ab=0可推出存在正整数n使得b~na=0.本文证明了R为半零可换环当且仅当S_n(R)为半零可换环,其中n≥2为任意整数,从而肯定地回答了Roy和Subedi在[Asian-Eur.J.Math.,2021,14(2):2150018,11 pp.]中提出的一个问题.本文还证明了R是弱零可换环当且仅当R是弱半交换环,而R是J-零可换环当且仅当R是J-半交换环.     

一般ZPI－环的一个新刻划

设Ｒ是有单位元的交换，环则Ｒ是一般ＺＰＩ－环当且仅当Ｒ的每个同态象的全分式环都是主理想环．     

关于F-环的一点注记

一个环称为F环,如果环R中含有一个有限非零元集X,使得对任何非零αR与X之交不空(非零)。如果在上面的假设下,X还在R的中心Z(R)中,则称R为FZ环。关于F环,文[1]、[2]给出了一些结果。本文主要结果是: 1.说明文中定理的充分性不真。文[2]的主要定理是:R为半素F-环,当且仅当R为有限个除环上的方阵环的直和。 2.说明非奇异F-环未必是半单环。     

P—内射环和半素环

本文主要证明了如下结果:1 如果 R 是左 p-环,那未(a)Z(R)=J(R);(b)若 R 的每个非零左理想包含极小左理想,则 J(R)=r(Socle_RR)。2 如果 R 是半素的左 p-环,那未(a)R 有唯一的最大理想 I,I 不含非零幂零元,且I=lr(I)=rl(I),Z(_RI)=Z(I_R)=0,(b)R 有极大左零化子当且仅当 Socle R≠0.     

On divided commutative rings

Let R be a commutative ring with identity having total quotient ring T. A prime ideal P of R is called divided if P is comparable to every principal ideal of R. If every prime ideal of R is divided, then R is called a divided ring. If P is a nonprincipal divided prime, then P^-1 = { x ? T : xP ? P} is a ring. We show that if R is an atomic domain and divided, then the Krull dimension of R ≤ 1. Also, we show that if a finitely generated prime ideal containing a nonzerodivisor of a ring R is divided, then it is maximal and R is quasilocal.     

On chained overrings of pseudo-valuation rings

A prime ideal P of a commutative ring R with identity is called strongly prime if aP and bR are comparable for every a, b in R. If every prime ideal of R is strongly prime, then R is called a pseudo-valuation ring. It is well-known that a (valuation) chained overring of a Prufer domain R is of the form R_P for some prime ideal P of R.In this paper, we show that this statement is valid for a certain class of chained overrings of a pseudo-valuation ring.     

關於素性環

<正> §1.本文的目的是在對於所謂素性環(Primal Ring)作一些探討.這裹的環都是指着有么元無零因子的可換環.我們以R表這樣一個環,1就是R的么元,大寫字母A,B,C,P,……表R的真理想子環,小寫字母a,b,c,x,y等表R的元.符號Ax~(-1)表示R中一切能使xy∈A的y所組成的集.容易證明Ax~(-1)是一個理想子環,並且Ax~(-1)A.如果Ax~(-1)A,則說x不素於A,否則說x素於A.這樣一來,A是素理想子環的充要條件就是R中凡不屬A的元都素於A.     

一般环之分式环

本文给出一般环R之分式环△^-1R的构造和△^-R的理想的一些性质,推广了现有中外教科书的结论．证明了（1）△^-1R中理想有且仅有形式△^-1I,其中△3R．（2）如果P是R的素理想,且△∩P=Ф,则△^-1P是△^-1R的素理想,且θ^-1（△^-1P）=P。     

Baer extensions of rings and stone extensions of semigroups

Let R be a commutative semigroup [resp. ring] with identity and zero, but without nilpotent elements. We say that R is a Stone semigroup [Baer ring], if for each annihilator ideal P⊂R there are idempotents e₁ ε P and e₂ ε Ann(P) such that x→(e₁x, e₂x):R→P×Ann(P) is an isomorphism. We show that for a given R there exists a Stone semigroup [Baer ring] S containing R that is minimal with respect to this property. In the ring case, S is uniquely determined if one requires that there be a natural bijection between the sets of annihilator ideals of R and S. This is close to results of J. Kist [5]. Like Kist, we use elementary sheaf-theoretical methods (see [2], [3], [6]). Proofs are not very detailed. An address delivered at the Symposium on Semigroups and the Multiplicative Structure of Rings, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, March 9–13, 1970.     

Quasi-direct sums of rings and their radicals

Let A, B be rings and P a radical property. Call B an A-Algebra if B is an A-bimodule such that (ba)b₁ = b(ab₁), (bb₁)a = b(b₁a), a(bb₁) = (ab)b₁ for any a ∈ A and any b,b₁ ∈ B. A ring R, written as R = A ? B, is called a quasi-direct sum of (A, B) if A is a subring of R, B is an ideal of R and R is a direct sum of A and B as additive groups. The following results are obtained: 1. A quasi-direct sum of (A, B) is uniquely determined by an A-Algebra B (up to isomorphism); 2. The P-radical of the Algebra B is the same as the P-radical of the ring B; 3. P(A ? B) = P(A) +(B) if and only if P(A)B + BP(A) ? P(B); 4. If B has an identity e then P(A ? B) = P(A)(1?e) + P(B); 5. If P(Z) = 0 for the integer ring Z, then P(M_n(R)) = M_n(P(R)) holds for all rings R if and only if the above equality holds for all unitary rings R. In addition, some relationships of radicals between rings (or algebras over a field, semigroup algebras, etc.) and their corresponding identity extensions are discussed.     

Remarks on pseudo-valuation rings

A prime ideal P of a ring A is said to be a strongly prime ideal if aP and bA are comparable for all a,b ε A. We shall say that a ring A is a pseudo-valuation ring (PVR) if each prime ideal of A is a strongly prime ideal. We show that if A is a PVR with maximal ideal M, then every overring of A is a PVR if and only if M is a maximal ideal of every overring of M that does not contain the reciprocal’of any element of M.We show that if R is an atomic domain and a PVD, then dim(R) ≤ 1. We show that if R is a PVD and a prime ideal of R is finitely generated, then every overring of R is a PVD. We give a characterization of an atomic PVD in terms of the concept of half-factorial domain.     

On nonsingular right fpf rings

A right FPF ring is one over which every finitely generated faithful right module is a generator. The main purpose of the article is to givp the following cnaracterization of certain right FPF rings. TheoremLet R be semiprime and right semihereditary. Then R is right FPF iff (1) the right maximal ring of quotients Q_r (R) = Q coincides with the left and right classical rings of quotients and is self-injective regular of bounded index, (ii) R and Q have the same central idem-potents, (iii) if I is an ideal of R generated by a ma­ximal ideal of the boolean algebra of central idempotent s5 R/I is such that each non-zero finitely generated right ideal is a generator (hence prime), and (iv) R is such that every essential right ideal contains an ideal which is essential as a right ideal

In case that R is semiprime and module finite over its centre C, then the above can be used to show that R is FPF (both sides) if and only if it is a semi-hereditary maximal C-order in a self-injective regular ring (of finite index)

In order to prove the above it is shown that for any semiprime right FPF ring R, Q _lcl (R) exists and coincides with Q_r(R) (Faith and Page have shown that the latter is self-injective regular of bounded index). It R is semiprime right FPF and satisfies a polynamical identity then the factor rings as in (iii) above are right FPF and R is the ring of sections of a sheaf of prime right FPF rings

The Proofs use many results of C. Faith and S Page as well as some of the techniques of Pierce sheaves