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保险中遏制投保人逆向选择的博弈策略分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以投保人的风险类型难于鉴别的逆向选择问题为研究对象,建立了投保人与保险公司的双人非零和博弈模型,并求解得出了该博弈的混合策略纳什均衡点,从而得出重罚有利于遏制投保人的逆向选择以及使保险公司的期望利润为零的保险定价公式. 相似文献
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《数学的实践与认识》2013,(13)
考试作弊已经成为一种社会不良现象,在考试过程中,学生、监考与巡考构成了一个复杂的博弈体系.首先针对100名来自不同大学各个年级的同学进行相关网上问卷调查,客观真实的得出影响作弊行为的相关因素,随后利用完全信息静态博弈理论、建立学生与学生、学生与监考、监考与巡考之间的博弈模型,寻找混合策略纳什均衡;利用演化博弈理论,建立学生与学生之间的动态复制方程来找出系统进化向不良状态演化原因,最终基于原因针对性的改进大学生考试制度. 相似文献
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物流企业与银行之间的良好合作关系是物流金融业务继续发展的前提和基础。以仓单质押融资业务为例,运用演化博弈理论对物流企业与银行之间的监督包庇问题进行了分析,构建复制动态方程和运用动态相位图分析群体策略的演化过程及结果,为建立良好的合作关系提供理论依据。分析结果表明:该动态系统的演化方向受到博弈支付矩阵以及系统的初始状态的影响。银行监督成本、银行的收益损失、物流企业的包庇成本和物流企业的罚金是影响演化结果的关键性因素。通过外部力量的加入,可促使系统演化至(不包庇,不监督)这一期望演化稳定策略。 相似文献
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为研究航运安全监管的影响因素及其内在机理,利用博弈理论构建政府监管部门与航运企业、航运企业与船员之间的多方非合作博弈模型,求解与分析模型的纯策略和混合策略纳什均衡.研究结果表明,政府部门对航运企业的监管成本、监管力度、惩罚力度,航运企业对船员的伤亡补偿标准、惩罚力度以及船员的操作成本等因素对博弈均衡产生重要影响,进而影响航运安全.最后据此给出航运安全监管的对策与建议,为我国航运安全监管制度的建设和发展提供理论依据. 相似文献
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汽车客运尤其是中短途汽车客运在人们的现代生活中发挥重要的作用,它在拥有众多长处的同时也存在着许多问题和不足.从经济博弈论的角度,对客运车主和交通管理部门的行为进行分析,从而说明违规运营现象存在的原因并提出相应的解决措施. 相似文献
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An atomless probability space (Ω,A,P) is said to have the saturation property for a probability measure μ on a product of Polish spaces X×Y if for every random element f of X whose law is margX(μ), there is a random element g of Y such that the law of (f,g) is μ. (Ω,A,P) is said to be saturated if it has the saturation property for every such μ. We show each of a number of desirable properties holds for every saturated probability space and fails for every non-saturated probability space. These include distributional properties of correspondences, such as convexity, closedness, compactness and preservation of upper semi-continuity, and the existence of pure strategy equilibria in games with many players. We also show that any probability space which has the saturation property for just one “good enough” measure, or which satisfies just one “good enough” instance of the desirable properties, must already be saturated. Our underlying themes are: (1) There are many desirable properties that hold for all saturated probability spaces but fail everywhere else; (2) Any probability space that out-performs the Lebesgue unit interval in almost any way at all is already saturated. 相似文献
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There has been a growing interest in mathematical models to character the evolutionary algorithms. The best-known one of such models is the axiomatic model called the abstract evolutionary algorithm (AEA), which unifies most of the currently known evolutionary algorithms and describes the evolution as an abstract stochastic process composed of two fundamental abstract operators: abstract selection and evolution operators. In this paper, we first introduce the definitions of the generalized abstract selection and evolution operators. Then we discuss the characterization of some parameters related to generalized abstract selection and evolution operators. Based on these operators, we finally give the strong convergence of the generalized abstract evolutionary algorithm. The present work provides a big step toward the establishment of a unified theory of evolutionary computation. 相似文献
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超级模数博弈的存在性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文定义了一类在有序Banach空间上的超模博弈,并利用著名的Birkhoff不动点定理证明了有序Banach空间上超模博弈Nash均衡的存在性. 相似文献
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《数学的实践与认识》2020,(3)
当前针对生态旅游这类问题的研究主要采用非合作博弈中的"囚徒困境"模型.介于外部环境的复杂性和模糊性,以及需要从长远角度来考察各利益相关者的行为,利用更符合实际情况的区间数来表示各利益相关者的收益及成本,并认为各利益相关者均为有限理性,构建了利益相关者的区间数演化博弈模型,再利用各利益相关者的区间数复制动态方程求解出纳什均衡,并用微分方程稳定性理论对其均衡结果进行稳定性分析.结果表明:三方最终策略的选择受博弈初始支付矩阵及关键参数的影响;提高旅游企业不保护环境行为的最低罚款;降低当地政府的最高监督成本和居民告发旅游企业不保护环境行为所承担的最高成本等策略,可实现博弈三方利益共赢. 相似文献
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In this paper, we consider a class of differential games in which the game ends when a subset of its state variables reaches a certain target at the terminal time. A special feature of the game is that its horizon is not fixed at the outset, but is determined endogenously by the actions of the players; conditions characterizing a feedback Nash equilibrium (FNE) solution of the game are derived for the first time. Extensions and illustrations of the derivation of FNE solutions of the game are provided. 相似文献
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On Coincidence of Feedback Nash Equilibria and Stackelberg Equilibria in Economic Applications of Differential Games 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. J. Rubio 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》2006,128(1):203-220
The scope of the applicability of the feedback Stackelberg equilibrium concept in differential games is investigated. First,
conditions for obtaining the coincidence between the stationary feedback Nash equilibrium and the stationary feedback Stackelberg
equilibrium are given in terms of the instantaneous payoff functions of the players and the state equations of the game. Second,
a class of differential games representing the underlying structure of a good number of economic applications of differential
games is defined; for this class of differential games, it is shown that the stationary feedback Stackelberg equilibrium coincides
with the stationary feedback Nash equilibrium. The conclusion is that the feedback Stackelberg solution is generally not useful
to investigate leadership in the framework of a differential game, at least for a good number of economic applications
This paper was presented at the 8th Viennese Workshop on Optimal Control, Dynamic Games, and Nonlinear Dynamics: Theory and
Applications in Economics and OR/MS, Vienna, Austria, May 14–16, 2003, at the Seminar of the Instituto Complutense de Analisis
Economico, Madrid, Spain, June 20, 2003, and at the Sevilla Workshop on Dynamic Economics and the Environment, Sevilla, Spain,
July 2–3, 2003. The author is grateful to the participants in these sessions, in particular F.J. Andre and J. Ruiz, for their
comments. Five referees provided particularly helpful suggestions. Financial support from the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia
under Grant BEC2000-1432 is gratefully acknowledged. 相似文献
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公共物品私人供给的纳什均衡分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
按私人供给的决定方式,公共物品可以划分为三类,替代型、互补型和包含型。本采用博弈论的方法,通过模型对三种情况下参与方的供给决策行为进行分析,并求出纳什均衡解,章最后讨论了所求解的合理性,并通过比较提出了一些有益的结论和启示。 相似文献