协方差改进法与半相依回归的参数估计

对于由两个误差项相关的线性回归方程组成的系统,本文应用协方差改进法获得了参数的一个迭代估计序列。我们证明了当协方差阵已知时,该估计序列处处收敛到最佳线性无偏估计,且它们的协方差阵在矩阵偏序意义下单调下降收敛到最佳线性无偏估计的协方差阵,该估计序列具有Pitman准则下的优良性。当协方差阵未知时,我们证明了用协方差阵的无限制估计所产生的两步估计具有无偏性、相合性和渐近正态性。在一定意义下,本文的估计优于文献中已有的一些估计。本文的结果也显示了协方差改进方法的有效性。     

柯西分布的参数估计

研究了柯西分布的参数估计问题,给出了位置参数的最小一乘估计和尺度参数的低阶矩估计.证明了柯西分布位置参数的最小一乘估计具有渐近无偏性与强相合性;尺度参数的低阶矩估计具有强相合性.     

两个半相依模型回归系数的改进估计

对于两个半相依回归系统的未知回归系数,本文首先借鉴文献中给出的两步协方差改进估计的方法给出两种两步协方差改进估计序列,并给出其与两步估计等价的条件和均方误差意义下的优良性; 其次,我们对文献中给出的一种两步估计作简单改进,使得改进后的估计在更大的参数空间内优于最小二乘估计. 再次,本文另辟蹊径, 构造了一种新的估计,同样地,此估计也具有更好的小样本性质.本文最后一节讨论了Pitman准则下两步估计的优良性.     

2SUR回归模型系数估计的均方误差比较

对于2SUR回归模型的参数估计问题,给出了一些一航均方误差矩阵比较结果,据此提出了一类线性估计和一类基于离差阵广义非限定估计的非线性两步估计,并获得了该两步估计类的一些有限样本性质。     

线性混合模型协方差阵的谱分解的一种新方法及其应用

对平衡线性混合模型, 随机效应的设计阵具有一定结构.定义了一种新的矩阵序, 借助于这种新序, 提出了协方差阵谱分解的一种新方法.与现有的两种方法相比较, 新方法的突出的特点是能够给出协方差阵不同特征值的精确个数, 以及谱分解中不同特征值对应的投影阵与随机效应的设计阵之间的关系. 基于新的谱分解结果,(1) 证明了平衡随机模型的方差分析估计为最小方差无偏估计; (2) 证明了在一定条件下, 一般平衡线性混合模型的方差分析估计也具有最小方差无偏性; (3) 给出了一般混合模型的极大似然方程显示解存在的一个较易验证的判定定理, 并给出了显示解存在时解的一般形式; (4) 清晰地显示了谱分解估计的构造原理, 并找到了谱分解估计与方差分析估计相等的充要条件.     

部分线性回归模型的M-估计

本文讨论部分线性回归模型的M-估计．用局部线性方法给出未知函数的M-估计，用两步估计方法给出参数的M-估计．进一步证明了未知函数的M-估计的弱一致性和渐近正态性，参数的M-估计的弱一致性．     

带插值条件的拟线性最小二乘估计

提出了带插值点的拟线性最小二乘法,并给出了带插值点的拟线性最小二乘法拟合的最小二乘估计,证明了及其参数具有无偏性。     

Panel模型中两步估计的优良性

本文研究Panel模型中未知参数的估计问题，给出了两步估计的协方差的准确表达式．用均方误差作为度量估计的优劣标准，我们建立了两步估计优于Within估计和最小二乘估计的充要条件．特别我们获得了两步估计优于Within估计的简单充分条件．一般说来，对于中等数量的样本容量，两步估计就优于Within估计，类似的结论对Between估计或最小二乘估计也成立．     

线性回归系统两步协方差改进估计的优良性

对于ｍ个相依回归方程组成的线性回归系统。本文研究了两步协方差改进估计在均方误差阵意义下的优良性，即在随机误差服从正态分布的假设下，当样本量充分大时，两步协方差改进估计与协方差改进估计一样好。     

并联混合回归模型参数的两步M估计及其渐近性质

本文在文献的基础上,给出残差为AR(P)序列并联混合回归模型参数的一种稳健估计——两步M估计,并证明了估计的相容性与渐近正态性.     

On the general problem of mean estimation

Mean estimation for a random function is considered in its most general context, including both the case of infinite dimensional mean and exact estimation. The existence theorem for the best linear unbiased estimates is established. The general definition of the pseudobest estimate is given; necessary and sufficient conditions for the efficiency of the pseudobest estimates are obtained. As an application the problem of the periodic trend estimation is considered.     

认购证发行总数的估计

利用发行的认购证有编号１，２，……，Ｎ，，本文通过随机抽取的几个认购证号码，给出了认购证发行总数的最大似然估计，一致最小方差无偏估计和Ｂａｙｅｓ估计。     

Existence of unbiased estimate of regression parameters in simple linear EV models

It is well known that for one-dimensional normal EV regression model X = x u,Y =α βx e, where x, u, e are mutually independent normal variables and Eu=Ee=0, the regression parameters a and βare not identifiable without some restriction imposed on the parameters. This paper discusses the problem of existence of unbiased estimate for a and βunder some restrictions commonly used in practice. It is proved that the unbiased estimate does not exist under many such restrictions. We also point out one important case in which the unbiased estimates of a and βexist, and the form of the MVUE of a and βare also given.     

Simultaneous optimality of LSE and ANOVA estimate in general mixed models

Problems of the simultaneous optimal estimates and the optimal tests in general mixed models are considered. A necessary and sufficient condition is presented for the least squares estimate of the fixed effects and the analysis of variance （Hendreson III＇s） estimate of variance components being uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimates simultaneously. This result can be applied to the problems of finding uniformly optimal unbiased tests and uniformly most accurate unbiased confidential interval on parameters of interest, and for finding equivalences of several common estimates of variance components.     

Simultaneous optimal estimates of fixed effects and variance components in the mixed model

For a general linear mixed model with two variance components, a set of simple conditions is obtained, under which, (i) the least squares estimate of the fixed effects and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) estimates of variance components are proved to be uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimates simultaneously; (ii) the exact confidence intervals of the fixed effects and uniformly optimal unbiased tests on variance components are given; (iii) the exact probability expression of ANOVA estimates of variance components taking negative value is obtained.     

平衡随机模型中方差分量的非负估计

众所周知, 对于平衡随机模型, 方差分量的方差分析估计为一致最小方差无偏估计. 本文基于方差分量的方差分析估计, 构造了一个二次不变估计类, 它包含了一些常用重要估计. 证明了该估计类在一定条件下在均方误差意义下一致优于方差分析估计, 并在此估计类基础上, 给出了方差分量的两种非负估计, 它们在均方误差意义下分别一致优于方差分析估计和限制极大似然估计, 且有显式解、容易计算.     

Bandwidth choice for differentiation

We propose a class of procedures for choosing the bandwidth, or smoothing parameter, for linear nonparametric estimates of the rth derivative of a smooth function observed with error on a discrete set of points. These procedures are based on minimizing a nearly unbiased estimate of the integrated mean square error. Theoretical justification is provided in the special case of a tapered Fourier series estimate.     

A new method of spectral decomposition of covariance matrix in mixed effects models and its applications

For the mixed effects models with balanced data, a new ordering of design matrices of random effects is defined, and then a simple formula of the spectral decomposition of covariance matrix is obtained. To compare with the two methods in literature, the decomposition can not only give the actual number of all distinct eigenvalues and their expression, but also show clearly the relationship between the design matrices of random effects and the decomposition. These results can be applied to the problems for testifying the analysis of the variance estimate being a minimum variance unbiased under all random effects models and some mixed effects models with balanced data, for finding the explicit solution of maximum likelihood equations for the general mixed effects model and for showing the relationship between the spectral decomposition estimate and the analysis of variance estimate.     

Bayes估计的进一步研究及其Pitman最优性

对线性模型参数,讨论了Bayes估计的Pitman最优性,将已有结果进行了改进,去掉了附加条件,证明了在Pitman准则下,Bayes估计一致优于最小二乘估计(LSE),在此基础上,提出了一种基于先验信息的方差分量估计,通过和基于LSE的方差分量估计作比较,证明了新估计是无偏估计且有更小的均方误差．最后,证明了在Pitman准则下生长曲线模型参数的Bayes估计优于最佳线性无偏估计．