Unconditionally Superclose Analysis of a New Mixed Finite Element Method for Nonlinear Parabolic Equation

This paper develops a framework to deal with the unconditional superclose analysis of nonlinear parabolic equation. Taking the finite element pair $Q_{11}/Q_{01} × Q_{10}$ as an example, a new mixed finite element method (FEM) is established and the $τ$ -independent superclose results of the original variable $u$ in $H^1$-norm and the flux variable $\mathop{q} \limits ^{\rightarrow}= −a(u)∇u$ in $L^2$-norm are deduced ($τ$ is the temporal partition parameter). A key to our analysis is an error splitting technique, with which the time-discrete and the spatial-discrete systems are constructed, respectively. For the first system, the boundedness of the temporal errors is obtained. For the second system, the spatial superclose results are presented unconditionally, while the previous literature always only obtain the convergent estimates or require certain time step conditions. Finally, some numerical results are provided to confirm the theoretical analysis, and show the efficiency of the proposed method.     

ERROR ANALYSIS OF A STABILIZED FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR THE GENERALIZED STOKES PROBLEM

This paper is devoted to the establishment of sharper $a$ $priori$stability and error estimates of a stabilized finite element method proposed by Barrenechea and Valentin for solving the generalized Stokes problem, which involves a viscosity $\nu$ and a reaction constant $\sigma$. With the establishment of sharper stability estimates and the help of $ad$ $hoc$finite element projections, we can explicitly establish the dependence of error bounds of velocity and pressure on the viscosity $\nu$, the reaction constant $\sigma$, and the mesh size $h$. Our analysis reveals that the viscosity $\nu$ and the reaction constant $\sigma$ respectively act in the numerator position and the denominator position in the error estimates of velocity and pressure in standard norms without any weights. Consequently, the stabilization method is indeed suitable for the generalized Stokes problem with a small viscosity $\nu$ and a large reaction constant $\sigma$. The sharper error estimates agree very well with the numerical results.     

Numerical Approximations of the Spectral Discretization of Flame Front Model

In this paper, we consider the numerical solution of the flame front equation, which is one of the most fundamental equations for modeling combustion theory. A schema combining a finite difference approach in the time direction and a spectral method for the space discretization is proposed. We give a detailed analysis for the proposed schema by providing some stability and error estimates in a particular case. For the general case, although we are unable to provide a rigorous proof for the stability, some numerical experiments are carried out to verify the efficiency of the schema. Our numerical results show that the stable solution manifolds have a simple structure when $\beta$ is small, while they become more complex as the bifurcation parameter $\beta$ increases. At last numerical experiments were performed to support the claim the solution of flame front equation preserves the same structure as K-S equation.     

Superconvergence Analysis of a BDF-Galerkin FEM for the Nonlinear Klein-Gordon-Schrödinger Equations with Damping Mechanism

The focus of this paper is on a linearized backward differential formula (BDF) scheme with Galerkin FEM for the nonlinear Klein-Gordon-Schrödinger equations (KGSEs) with damping mechanism. Optimal error estimates and superconvergence results are proved without any time-step restriction condition for the proposed scheme. The proof consists of three ingredients. First, a temporal-spatial error splitting argument is employed to bound the numerical solution in certain strong norms. Second, optimal error estimates are derived through a novel splitting technique to deal with the time derivative and some sharp estimates to cope with the nonlinear terms. Third, by virtue of the relationship between the Ritz projection and the interpolation, as well as a so-called "lifting'' technique, the superconvergence behavior of order $O(h^2+\tau^2)$ in $H^1$-norm for the original variables are deduced. Finally, a numerical experiment is conducted to confirm our theoretical analysis. Here, $h$ is the spatial subdivision parameter, and $\tau$ is the time step.     

A Two-Grid Finite Element Approximation for Nonlinear Time Fractional Two-Term Mixed Sub-Diffusion and Diffusion Wave Equations

In this paper, we develop a two-grid method (TGM) based on the FEM for 2D nonlinear time fractional two-term mixed sub-diffusion and diffusion wave equations. A two-grid algorithm is proposed for solving the nonlinear system, which consists of two steps: a nonlinear FE system is solved on a coarse grid, then the linearized FE system is solved on the fine grid by Newton iteration based on the coarse solution. The fully discrete numerical approximation is analyzed, where the Galerkin finite element method for the space derivatives and the finite difference scheme for the time Caputo derivative with order $\alpha\in(1,2)$ and $\alpha_{1}\in(0,1)$. Numerical stability and optimal error estimate $O(h^{r+1}+H^{2r+2}+\tau^{\min\{3-\alpha,2-\alpha_{1}\}})$ in $L^{2}$-norm are presented for two-grid scheme, where $t,$ $H$ and $h$ are the time step size, coarse grid mesh size and fine grid mesh size, respectively. Finally, numerical experiments are provided to confirm our theoretical results and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

Finite element algorithm based on high-order time approximation for time fractional convection-diffusion equation

In this paper, finite element method with high-order approximation for time fractional derivative is considered and discussed to find the numerical solution of time fractional convection-diffusion equation. Some lemmas are introduced and proved, further the stability and error estimates are discussed and analyzed, respectively. The convergence result $O(h^{r+1}+\tau^{3-\alpha})$ can be derived, which illustrates that time convergence rate is higher than the order $(2-\alpha)$ derived by $L1$-approximation. Finally, to validate our theoretical results, some computing data are provided.     

A C0-WEAK GALERKIN FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS IN STREAM-FUNCTION FORMULATION

We propose and analyze a $C^0$-weak Galerkin (WG) finite element method for the numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations governing 2D stationary incompressible flows. Using a stream-function formulation, the system of Navier-Stokes equations is reduced to a single fourth-order nonlinear partial differential equation and the incompressibility constraint is automatically satisfied. The proposed method uses continuous piecewise-polynomial approximations of degree $k+2$ for the stream-function $\psi$ and discontinuous piecewise-polynomial approximations of degree $k+1$ for the trace of $\nabla\psi$ on the interelement boundaries. The existence of a discrete solution is proved by means of a topological degree argument, while the uniqueness is obtained under a data smallness condition. An optimal error estimate is obtained in $L^2$-norm, $H^1$-norm and broken $H^2$-norm. Numerical tests are presented to demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Error Estimate of a New Conservative Finite Difference Scheme for the Klein-Gordon-Dirac System

In this paper, we derive and analyze a conservative Crank-Nicolson-type finite difference scheme for the Klein-Gordon-Dirac (KGD) system. Differing from the derivation of the existing numerical methods given in literature where the numerical schemes are proposed by directly discretizing the KGD system, we translate the KGD equations into an equivalent system by introducing an auxiliary function, then derive a nonlinear Crank-Nicolson-type finite difference scheme for solving the equivalent system. The scheme perfectly inherits the mass and energy conservative properties possessed by the KGD, while the energy preserved by the existing conservative numerical schemes expressed by two-level's solution at each time step. By using energy method together with the 'cut-off' function technique, we establish the optimal error estimate of the numerical solution, and the convergence rate is $\mathcal{O}(τ^2 + h^2)$ in $l^∞$-norm with time step $τ$ and mesh size $h.$ Numerical experiments are carried out to support our theoretical conclusions.     

The reconstruction of a solely time-dependent load in a simply supported non-homogeneous Euler–Bernoulli beam

In this paper, the theoretical and numerical determination of a solely time-dependent load distribution is investigated for a simply supported non-homogeneous Euler–Bernoulli beam. The missing source is recovered from an additional “local” integral measurement. The existence and uniqueness of a solution to the corresponding variational problem is proved by employing Rothe’s method. This method also reveals a time-discrete numerical scheme based on the backward Euler method to approximate the solution. Corresponding error estimates are proved and assessed by two numerical experiments.     

Time discretisation of monotone nonlinear evolution problems by the discontinuous Galerkin method

A class of discontinuous Galerkin methods is studied for the time discretisation of the initial-value problem for a nonlinear first-order evolution equation that is governed by a monotone, coercive, and hemicontinuous operator. The numerical solution is shown to converge towards the weak solution of the original problem. Furthermore, well-posedness of the time-discrete problem as well as a priori error estimates for sufficiently smooth exact solutions are studied.     

Analysis of finite element approximation for time-dependent Maxwell problems

We provide an error analysis of finite element methods for solving time-dependent Maxwell problem using Nedelec and Thomas-Raviart elements. We study the regularity of the solution and develop some new error estimates of Nedelec finite elements. As a result, the optimal -error bound for the semidiscrete scheme is obtained.

     

裂缝-孔隙介质中地下水污染问题的Galerkin交替方向有限元方法

考虑裂缝 孔隙介质中地下水污染问题均匀化模型的数值模拟．对压力方程采用混合元方法,对浓度方程采用Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ交替方向有限元方法,对吸附浓度方程采用标准Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ方法,证明了交替方向有限元格式具有最优犔２ 和犎１ 模误差估计．     

Penalty-Factor-Free Stabilized Nonconforming Finite Elements for Solving Stationary Navier-Stokes Equations

Two nonconforming penalty methods for the two-dimensional stationary Navier-Stokes equations are studied in this paper. These methods are based on the weakly continuous $P_1$ vector fields and the locally divergence-free (LDF) finite elements, which respectively penalize local divergence and are discontinuous across edges. These methods have no penalty factors and avoid solving the saddle-point problems. The existence and uniqueness of the velocity solution are proved, and the optimal error estimates of the energy norms and $L^2$-norms are obtained. Moreover, we propose unified pressure recovery algorithms and prove the optimal error estimates of $L^2$-norm for pressure. We design a unified iterative method for numerical experiments to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.     

(Semi-)Nonrelativisitic Limit of the Nonlinear Dirac Equations

We consider the nonlinear Dirac equation (NLD) with time dependent external electro-magnetic potentials, involving a dimensionless parameter $ε\in(0,1]$ which is inversely proportional to the speed of light. In the nonrelativistic limit regime $ε\ll1$ (speed of light tends to infinity), we decompose the solution into the eigenspaces associated with the 'free Dirac operator' and construct an approximation to the NLD with $O(ε^2)$ error. The NLD converges (with a phase factor) to a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system (NLS) with external electric potential in the nonrelativistic limit as $ε\to0^+$, and the error of the NLS approximation is first order $O(ε)$. The constructed $O(ε^2)$ approximation is well-suited for numerical purposes.     

Boundary element methods for variational inequalities

In this paper we present a priori error estimates for the Galerkin solution of variational inequalities which are formulated in fractional Sobolev trace spaces, i.e. in $\widetilde{H}^{1/2}(\Gamma )$ . In addition to error estimates in the energy norm we also provide, by applying the Aubin–Nitsche trick for variational inequalities, error estimates in lower order Sobolev spaces including $L_2(\Gamma )$ . The resulting discrete variational inequality is solved by using a semi-smooth Newton method, which is equivalent to an active set strategy. A numerical example is given which confirms the theoretical results.     

Uniformly Accurate Multiscale Time Integrators for Highly Oscillatory Second Order Differential Equations

In this paper, two multiscale time integrators (MTIs), motivated from two types of multiscale decomposition by either frequency or frequency and amplitude, are proposed and analyzed for solving highly oscillatory second order differential equations with a dimensionless parameter $0 < \varepsilon≤ 1.$ In fact, the solution to this equation propagates waves with wavelength at $O(\varepsilon^2)$ when $0<\varepsilon≪1,$ which brings significantly numerical burdens in practical computation. We rigorously establish two independent error bounds for the two MTIs at $O(\tau^2/\varepsilon^2)$ and $O(\varepsilon^2)$ for $\varepsilon ∈ (0,1]$ with $\tau > 0$ as step size, which imply that the two MTIs converge uniformly with linear convergence rate at $O(\tau)$ for $ε ∈ (0,1]$ and optimally with quadratic convergence rate at $O(\tau^2)$ in the regimes when either $ε=O(1)$ or $0<ε≤\tau.$ Thus the meshing strategy requirement (or $ε$-scalability) of the two MTIs is $\tau =O(1)$ for $0<ε≪1,$ which is significantly improved from $\tau =O(ε^3)$ and $\tau =O(ε^2)$ requested by finite difference methods and exponential wave integrators to the equation, respectively. Extensive numerical tests and comparisons with those classical numerical integrators are reported, which gear towards better understanding on the convergence and resolution properties of the two MTIs. In addition, numerical results support the two error bounds very well.     

A priori error estimates for numerical methods for scalar conservation laws. Part I: The general approach

In this paper, we construct a general theory of a priori error estimates for scalar conservation laws by suitably modifying the original Kuznetsov approximation theory. As a first application of this general technique, we show that error estimates for conservation laws can be obtained without having to use explicitly any regularity properties of the approximate solution. Thus, we obtain optimal error estimates for the Engquist-Osher scheme without using the fact (i) that the solution is uniformly bounded, (ii) that the scheme is total variation diminishing, and (iii) that the discrete semigroup associated with the scheme has the -contraction property, which guarantees an upper bound for the modulus of continuity in time of the approximate solution.

     

随机平面线弹性问题的一类弱Galerkin方法

本文针对带有随机杨氏模量和荷载的平面线弹性问题,提出了一类随机弱Galerkin有限元方法.先利用Karhunen-Loève展开把随机项参数化,将方程转化为一个确定性问题;再采用弱Galerkin有限元法和$k$-/$p$-型方法分别离散空间区域和随机场.在弱Galerkin离散中,用分片$s（s\geqslant 1$）和$s+1$次多项式逼近单元内部的应力和位移,用分片$s$次多项式逼近位移在单元边界上的迹.证明了该方法关于空间网格尺度最优且与Lamé常数$\lambda$一致无关的误差估计.最后通过数值算例验证了理论结果.     

The Iterative Accelerative Method of Finite Element Approximation for the System $u=∑ u_j (\frac{∂ u}{∂ x_j})+f$

In this paper we use an iterative method to get an approximate solution $u^n$ and $\bar{u}^n$ which approximate the exact solution $u$ with the error estimates $\|u-u^n\|+ch\|u-u^n\|_1+\|u-\bar{u}^n\|_1\leq ch^{n+2}$.     

A Two-Grid Algorithm of Fully Discrete Galerkin Finite Element Methods for a Nonlinear Hyperbolic Equation

A two-grid finite element approximation is studied in the fully discrete scheme obtained by discretizing in both space and time for a nonlinear hyperbolic equation. The main idea of two-grid methods is to use a coarse-grid space ($S_H$) to produce a rough approximation for the solution of nonlinear hyperbolic problems and then use it as the initial guess on the fine-grid space ($S_h$). Error estimates are presented in $H^1$-norm, which show that two-grid methods can achieve the optimal convergence order as long as the two different girds satisfy $h$ = $\mathcal{O}$($H^2$). With the proposed techniques, we can obtain the same accuracy as standard finite element methods, and also save lots of time in calculation. Theoretical analyses and numerical examples are presented to confirm the methods.