Representation of continuous functions as sums of Green functions

Let , where is polar and compact and is a domain with Green function . We characterize those subsets of which have the following property: Every positive continuous function on can be written as , where and for each .

     

A characterization of reflexive Banach spaces

A Banach space is not reflexive if and only if there exist a closed separable subspace of and a convex closed subset of with empty interior which contains translates of all compact sets in . If, moreover, is separable, then it is possible to put .

     

Characterization of the Fourier series of a distribution having a value at a point

Let be a periodic distribution of period . Let be its Fourier series. We show that the distributional point value exists and equals if and only if the partial sums converge to in the Cesàro sense as for each .

     

Finite and -resolvability

A topological space is -resolvable if has disjoint dense subsets. In this paper, we prove that if is -resolvable for each positive integer , then is -resolvable.

     

Quasitriangular Hopf algebras whose group-like elements form an abelian group

In this paper we prove some properties of the set of group-like elements of , , for a pointed minimal quasitriangular Hopf algebra over a field of characteristic 0, and for a pointed quasitriangular Hopf algebra which is indecomposable as a coalgebra. We first show that over a field of characteristic 0, for any pointed minimal quasitriangular Hopf algebra , is abelian. We show further that if is a quasitriangular Hopf algebra which is indecomposable as a coalgebra, then is contained in , the minimal quasitriangular Hopf algebra contained in . As a result, one gets that over a field of characteristic 0, a pointed indecomposable quasitriangular Hopf algebra has a finite abelian group of group-like elements.

     

Completely distributive CSL algebras with no complements in

Anoussis and Katsoulis have obtained a criterion for the space to have a closed complement in , where is a completely distributive commutative subspace lattice. They show that, for a given , the set of for which this complement exists forms an interval whose endpoints are harmonic conjugates. Also, they establish the existence of a lattice for which has no complement for any . However, they give no specific example. In this note an elementary demonstration of a simple example of this phenomenon is given. From this it follows that for a wide range of lattices , fails to have a complement for any .

     

On perturbations of M-accretive operators in Banach spaces

In this paper, we consider the solvability of nonlinear equations of the form

where is an m-accretive operator on a Banach space , is a mapping on and .

     

Stability of semigroups commuting with a compact operator

It is proved that if are bounded -semigroups on Banach spaces and , resp., and , are bounded operators with dense ranges such that intertwines with and commutes with , then is strongly stable provided ---the generator of ---does not have eigenvalue on . An analogous result holds for power-bounded operators.

     

The statistics of continued fractions for polynomials over a finite field

Given a finite field of order and polynomials of degrees respectively, there is the continued fraction representation . Let denote the number of such pairs for which and for . We give both an exact recurrence relation, and an asymptotic analysis, for . The polynomial associated with the recurrence relation turns out to be of P-V type. We also study the distribution of . Averaged over all and as above, this presents no difficulties. The average value of is , and there is full information about the distribution. When is fixed and only is allowed to vary, we show that this is still the average. Moreover, few pairs give a value of that differs from this average by more than

     

Almost linearity of -bi-Lipschitz maps between real Banach spaces

Let and be real Banach spaces. A map between and is called an -bi-Lipschitz map if for all . In this note we show that if is an -bi-Lipschitz map with from onto , then is almost linear. We also show that if is a surjective -bi-Lipschitz map with , then there exists a linear isomorphism such that

where as and .

     

On purely inseparable extensions and their generators

Let be a field of characteristic and a polynomial algebra in two variables. By a -generator of we mean an element of for which there exist and such that . We also define a -line of to mean any element of whose coordinate ring is that of a -generator. Then we prove that if is such that is a -line of (where is an indeterminate over ), then is a -generator of . This is analogous to the well-known fact that if is such that is a line of , then is a variable of . We also prove that if is a -line of for which there exist and such that , then is in fact a -generator of .

     

Endomorphism rings of simple modules over group rings

If is a finitely generated nilpotent group which is not abelian-by-finite, a field, and a finite dimensional separable division algebra over , then there exists a simple module for the group ring with endomorphism ring . An example is given to show that this cannot be extended to polycyclic groups.

     

Banach spaces in which every -weakly summable sequence lies in the range of a vector measure

Let be a Banach space. For we prove that the identity map is -summing if and only if the operator is nuclear for every unconditionally summable sequence in , where is the conjugate number for . Using this result we find a characterization of Banach spaces in which every -weakly summable sequence lies inside the range of an -valued measure (equivalently, every -weakly summable sequence in , satisfying that the operator is compact, lies in the range of an -valued measure) with bounded variation. They are those Banach spaces such that the identity operator is -summing.

     

On a measure-theoretic problem of Arveson

A probability measure on a product space is said to be bistochastic with respect to measures on and on if the marginals and are exactly and . A solution is presented to a problem of Arveson about sets which are of measure zero for all such .

     

The range of a ring homomorphism from a commutative -algebra

We prove that if a commutative semi-simple Banach algebra is the range of a ring homomorphism from a commutative -algebra, then is -equivalent, i.e. there are a commutative -algebra and a bicontinuous algebra isomorphism between and . In particular, it is shown that the group algebras , and the disc algebra are not ring homomorphic images of -algebras.

     

Integer-valued polynomials on Krull rings

If is a subring of a Krull ring such that is a valuation ring for every finite index , in Spec, we construct polynomials that map into the maximal possible (for a monic polynomial of fixed degree) power of , for all in Spec simultaneously. This gives a direct sum decomposition of Int, the -module of polynomials with coefficients in the quotient field of that map into , and a criterion when Int has a regular basis (one consisting of 1 polynomial of each non-negative degree).

     

Interpolation spaces between the Lipschitz class and the space of continuous functions

It is shown that the complex interpolation spaces and do not coincide with or and also that the couple is not a Calderón couple. Similar results are also obtained for the couples and when .

     

Bounds for the operator norms of some Nörlund matrices

Suppose is a non-increasing sequence of non-negative numbers with , , , and is the lower triangular matrix defined by , , and , . We show that the operator norm of as a linear operator on is no greater than , for ; this generalizes, yet again, Hardy's inequality for sequences, and simplifies and improves, in this special case, more generally applicable results of D. Borwein, Cass, and Kratz. When the tend to a positive limit, the operator norm of on is exactly . We also give some cases when the operator norm of on is less than .

     

A completely regular space which is the -complement of itself

Two topologies and on a fixed set are -complements if is the cofinite topology and is a sub-base for the discrete topology. In 1967, Steiner and Steiner showed that of any two -complements on a countable set, at least one is not Hausdorff. In 1969, Anderson and Stewart asked whether a Hausdorff topology on an uncountable set can have a Hausdorff -complement. We construct two homeomorphic completely regular -complementary topologies.