裂纹长度对钢轨裂纹扩展的影响

采用有限元分析软件ANSYS,在纯滚动运行状态下,对实际钢轨裂纹的扩展情况进行了模拟。结果表明:轮轨接触的疲劳裂纹为张开型和滑开型同时存在的复合型裂纹;随裂纹长度的逐渐增加,裂尖有效应力强度因子先减小后增大,裂纹扩展速率会出现先变慢后变快的现象。     

运动裂纹问题

关于在无限各向同性介质平面内,裂纹沿直线以常速移动的动态裂纹问题,G.C.Sih,E.P.Chem等利用Fourier变换方法进行过研究,其中作用于裂纹上的载荷是匀对称或匀斜对称的。本文,将应用复变函数理论方法讨论     

裂纹间作用机制探讨及微裂纹区对主裂纹的作用效应研究

采用迭加原理和Kachanov提出的简化方法,研究了裂纹间的相互作用机理,分析了不同裂纹布置形式所产生的增强或屏蔽效应,发现当微裂纹沿着或垂直于最大拉应力方向布置时都不产生最大的作用效应,这有别于Ortiz的结论．还探讨了混凝土类材料的微裂纹的产生机制及微裂纹区对主裂纹尖端产生的作用效应,得出微裂纹区对主裂纹是起增强的作用,增强程度随微裂纹密度和微裂纹长度的增大而增大的结论．     

裂纹诊断的数学原理

本文得到了刚度矩阵Ｋ发生变化时，系统矩阵Ｓ的和持征值及特向量变化量计算的基向量表示，这一方法可简化特征值与特征向量变化量的计算，可节省计算时，并将此方法应用于转子裂纹诊断，而转子裂纹诊断是转子动力学的热门问题，对保证转子运行安全性具有重要实际意义。     

反平面裂纹在裂纹自由表面附近的弹塑性分析

裂纹自由面附近的弹塑性场和弹塑性边界是裂纹弹塑性分析的重要内容,但现有的方法难以对其进行有效描述．该文发展了裂纹线场分析方法的研究思路,将裂纹面视为裂纹线的拓展部分,对理想弹塑性Ⅲ型裂纹进行了裂纹面附近弹塑性场的分析,得出了裂纹面附近弹塑性应力场、塑性区长度和弹塑性边界的单位法向量．分析结果表明,可放弃传统的小范围屈服条件．     

混合型裂纹的疲劳扩展

本文对受单向拉伸疲劳载荷的中心斜裂纹L₃铝试板进行了研究。根据Erdogan和Sih的最大拉应力理论,推导出以△K作为参变量,以裂纹角β₀进行修正的Paris形式的扩展速率表达式。并且进一步论证以更简单的用裂纹长度在x轴上投影的Paris方程来表示。初始裂纹角β₀有20°、30°、45°、60°、80°、90°等各种角度,裂纹尖端有经预制疲劳裂纹尖端与未经预制疲劳裂纹尖端两种情况,比较了这两种情况下疲劳扩展轨迹及疲劳扩展速率。     

裂纹疲劳极限的理论研究

本文提出了一个新的材料参量p*,它表示在疲劳极限应力作用下的固有裂纹尖端半径。按有效应力集中系数的关系,估算了各种材料的疲劳极限(包括尖缺口的、长裂纹的和短裂纹的疲劳极限),计算值与测量结果符合很好。文中还得到物理短裂纹的范围和表面裂纹萌生的门坎值。最后定量地讨论了各种材料疲劳裂纹敏感性的大小。     

狭长体中静态裂纹与快速传播裂纹的精确分析解

本文用保角映射把狭长形裂纹静力学第一边值问题予以统一的彻底的解决,接着对更为困难的狭长体裂纹动力学进行了研究。基于作者已有的理论框架,采用z₁平面与z₂平面同时映射到ζ平面上单位圆内部一个保角变换,使这一复杂的边值问题也得以彻底解决。在以上两种情形都得到了封闭形式的精确分析解,并且当裂纹速度V→0时,动力学解还原为静力学解。这些解在科学(例如地球物理学、地震学)和工程(例如液压断裂采油工程、爆破工程)中有一定的应用价值。     

裂纹面受集中力时粘弹性体裂纹前缘的应力场和位移场

本文研究粘弹性裂纹体在裂纹面上受集中力作用时,裂纹前缘的应力场和位移场,当裂纹围线上外力主矢量为零时,粘弹性裂纹体仅位移分量与时间相关;如若裂纹围线上外力主矢量不为零,则粘弹性裂纹体的应力分量和位移分量都与时间相关,本文用粘弹对应性原理,分别导出这两种情况下,材料为Maxwell体、KelVin体和Burgers体时,裂纹前缘的应力场和位移场的计算公式。为了说明各种材料的差异,给出一个算例。     

Ⅲ型裂纹弹塑性场在裂纹线附近匹配方程的一般形式

针对理想弹塑性Ⅲ型裂纹问题,对线场分析方法的步骤和匹配过程进行了凝练和归纳,给出了裂纹线附近塑性场、弹塑性边界、弹塑性匹配方程的一般形式及其一般求解步骤,将不同条件下的Ⅲ型裂纹问题归结为由4个匹配方程确定4个待定常数,并通过一个具体问题,验证了这一方法的正确性、简明性和通用性.     

Analytical discussion for the mixed integral equations

This paper presents a numerical method for the solution of a Volterra–Fredholm integral equation in a Banach space. Banachs fixed point theorem is used to prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution. To find the numerical solution, the integral equation is reduced to a system of linear Fredholm integral equations, which is then solved numerically using the degenerate kernel method. Normality and continuity of the integral operator are also discussed. The numerical examples in Sect. 5 illustrate the applicability of the theoretical results.     

On the numerical solution of Cauchy type singular integral equations by the collocation method

The collocation method for the numerical solution of Fredholm integral equations of the second kind is applied, properly modified, to the numerical solution of Cauchy type singular integral equations of the first or the second kind but with constant coefficients. This direct method of numerical solution of Cauchy type singular integral equations is compared afterwards with the corresponding method resulting from applying the collocation method to the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind equivalent to the Cauchy type singular integral equation, as well as with another method, based also on the regularization procedure, for the numerical solution of the same class of equations. Finally, the convergence of the method is discussed.     

Triangular functions (TF) method for the solution of nonlinear Volterra–Fredholm integral equations

A numerical method based on an m-set of general, orthogonal triangular functions (TF) is proposed to approximate the solution of nonlinear Volterra–Fredholm integral equations. The orthogonal triangular functions are utilized as a basis in collocation method to reduce the solution of nonlinear Volterra–Fredholm integral equations to the solution of algebraic equations. Also a theorem is proved for convergence analysis. Some numerical examples illustrate the proposed method.     

Numerical solution of the nonlinear Fredholm integral equations by positive definite functions

A numerical method for solving the nonlinear Fredholom integral equations is presented. The method is based on interpolation by radial basis functions (RBF) to approximate the solution of the Fredholm nonlinear integral equations. Several examples are given and numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the method.     

A wavelets method for plane elasticity problem

A Neumann boundary value problem of plane elasticity problem in the exterior circular domain is reduced into an equivalent natural boundary integral equation and a Poisson integral formula with the DtN method. Using the trigonometric wavelets and Galerkin method, we obtain a fast numerical method for the natural boundary integral equation which has an unique solution in the quotient space. We decompose the stiffness matrix in our numerical method into four circulant and symmetrical or antisymmetrical submatrices, and hence the solution of the associated linear algebraic system can be solved with the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) instead of the inverse matrix. Examples are given for demonstrating our method has good accuracy of our method even though the exact solution is almost singular.     

Method of boundary integral equations as applied to the numerical solution of the three-dimensional Dirichlet problem for the laplace equation in a piecewise homogeneous medium

A Dirichlet problem is considered in a three-dimensional domain filled with a piecewise homogeneous medium. The uniqueness of its solution is proved. A system of Fredholm boundary integral equations of the second kind is constructed using the method of surface potentials, and a system of boundary integral equations of the first kind is derived directly from Green’s identity. A technique for the numerical solution of integral equations is proposed, and results of numerical experiments are presented.     

Numerical solution of nonlinear two-dimensional integral equations using rationalized Haar functions

Two-dimensional rationalized Haar (RH) functions are applied to the numerical solution of nonlinear second kind two-dimensional integral equations. Using bivariate collocation method and Newton–Cotes nodes, the numerical solution of these equations is reduced to solving a nonlinear system of algebraic equations. Also, some numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.     

非线性积分方程迭代配置法的渐近展开及其外推

非线性积分方程迭代配置法的渐近展开及其外推韩国强（华南理工大学计算机工程与科学系）ＡＳＹＭＰＴＯＴＩＣＥＲＲＯＲＥＸＭＮＳＩＯＮＳＡＮＤＥＸＴＲＡＰＯＬＡＴＩＯＮＦＯＲＴＨＥＩＴＥＲＡＴＥＤＣＯＬＬＯＣＡＴＩＯＮＭＥＴＨＯＤＳＯＦＮＯＮＬＩＮＥＡＲＩ...     

Convergence of the piecewise linear approximation and collocation method for a hypersingular integral equation on a closed surface

We study the numerical solution of a linear hypersingular integral equation arising when solving the Neumann boundary value problem for the Laplace equation by the boundary integral equation method with the solution represented in the form of a double layer potential. The integral in this equation is understood in the sense of Hadamard finite value. We construct quadrature formulas for the integral occurring in this equation based on a triangulation of the surface and an application of the linear approximation to the unknown function on each of the triangles approximating the surface. We prove the uniform convergence of the quadrature formulas at the interpolation nodes as the triangulation size tends to zero. A numerical solution scheme for this integral equation based on the suggested quadrature formulas and the collocation method is constructed. Under additional assumptions about the shape of the surface, we prove a uniform estimate for the error in the numerical solution at the interpolation nodes.     

Numerical solution of nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm-Hammerstein integral equations via collocation method based on radial basis functions

A numerical technique based on the spectral method is presented for the solution of nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm-Hammerstein integral equations. This method is a combination of collocation method and radial basis functions (RBFs) with the differentiation process (DRBF), using zeros of the shifted Legendre polynomial as the collocation points. Different applications of RBFs are used for this purpose. The integral involved in the formulation of the problems are approximated based on Legendre-Gauss-Lobatto integration rule. The results of numerical experiments are compared with the analytical solution in illustrative examples to confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the presented scheme.