On the structure of Gabor and super Gabor spaces

We study the structure of Gabor and super Gabor spaces inside L²(\mathbbR^2d){L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{2d})} and specialize the results to the case where the spaces are generated by vectors of Hermite functions. We then construct an isometric isomorphism between such spaces and Fock spaces of polyanalytic functions and use it in order to obtain structure theorems and orthogonal projections for both spaces at once, including explicit formulas for the reproducing kernels. In particular we recover a structure result obtained by N. Vasilevski using complex analysis and special functions. In contrast, our methods use only time-frequency analysis, exploring a link between time-frequency analysis and the theory of polyanalytic functions, provided by the polyanalytic part of the Gabor transform with a Hermite window, the polyanalytic Bargmann transform.     

Characterization ofL p (R n ) using Gabor frames

We characterize L^p norms of functions onR ⁿ for 1<p<∞ in terms of their Gabor coefficients. Moreover, we use the Carleson-Hunt theorem to show that the Gabor expansions of L^p functions converge to the functions almost everywhere and in L^p for 1<p<∞. In L¹ we prove an analogous result: the Gabor expansions converge to the functions almost everywhere and in L¹ in a certain Cesàro sense. Consequently, we are able to establish that a large class of Gabor families generate Banach frames for L^p (R ⁿ) when 1≤p<∞.     

Stability of Gabor frames with arbitrary sampling points

Summary We study the stability of Gabor frames with arbitrary sampling points in the time-frequency plane, in several aspects. We prove that a Gabor frame generated by a window function in the Segal algebra S₀(R^d) remains a frame even if (possibly) all the sampling points undergo an arbitrary perturbation, as long as this is uniformly small. We give explicit stability bounds when the window function is nice enough, showing that the allowed perturbation depends only on the lower frame bound of the original family and some qualitative parameters of the window under consideration. For the perturbation of window functions we show that a Gabor frame generated by any window function with arbitrary sampling points remains a frame when the window function has a small perturbation in S₀(R^d) sense. We also study the stability of dual frames, which is useful in practice but has not found much attention in the literature. We give some general results on this topic and explain consequences to Gabor frames.     

Spherical Harmonic Analysis for Spinors on H n (C)

Recent results on the harmonic analysis of spinor fields on the complex hyperbolic space H ⁿ (C) are reviewed. We discuss the action of the invariant differential operators on the Poisson transforms, the theory of spherical functions and the spherical transform. The inversion formula, the Paley–Wiener theorem, and the Plancherel theorem for the spherical transform are obtained by reduction to Jacobi analysis on L ²(R).     

Multidimensional Quaternionic Gabor Transforms

In this paper, we extend the Gabor transform to the quaternion valued functions on \({\mathbb{R}^{d}}\) in two different ways, where \({d\in \mathbb{N}}\) is arbitrary. We prove that the quaternionic Gabor transforms satisfy the properties including Parseval relation, inversion formula, linearity and uncertainity principle. We also present an extension of a quaternionic Gabor transform to Boehmians.     

Uncertainty Principles for the Continuous Dunkl Gabor Transform and the Dunkl Continuous Wavelet Transform

In this paper we consider the Dunkl operators T _j , j = 1, . . . , d, on and the harmonic analysis associated with these operators. We define a continuous Dunkl Gabor transform, involving the Dunkl translation operator, by proceeding as mentioned in [20] by C.Wojciech and G. Gigante. We prove a Plancherel formula, an inversion formula and a weak uncertainty principle for it. Then, we show that the portion of the continuous Dunkl Gabor transform lying outside some set of finite measure cannot be arbitrarily too small. Similarly, using the basic theory for the Dunkl continuous wavelet transform introduced by K. Trimèche in [18], an analogous of this result for the Dunkl continuous wavelet transform is given. Finally, an analogous of Heisenberg’s inequality for a continuous Dunkl Gabor transform (resp. Dunkl continuous wavelet transform) is proved.      

Banach Gabor frames with Hermite functions: polyanalytic spaces from the Heisenberg group

Gabor frames with Hermite functions are equivalent to sampling sequences in true Fock spaces of polyanalytic functions. In the L ²-case, such an equivalence follows from the unitarity of the polyanalytic Bargmann transform. We will introduce Banach spaces of polyanalytic functions and investigate the mapping properties of the polyanalytic Bargmann transform on modulation spaces. By applying the theory of coorbit spaces and localized frames to the Fock representation of the Heisenberg group, we derive explicit polyanalytic sampling theorems which can be seen as a polyanalytic version of the lattice sampling theorem discussed by J.M. Whittaker in Chapter 5 of his book Interpolatory Function Theory.     

Porosity of Mutually Nearest and Mutually Furthest Points Problems in Geodesic Space

The notion of superframe in general Hilbert spaces was introduced in the context of multiplexing, which has been widely used in mobile communication network, satellite communication network and computer area network. The notion of oblique dual frame is a generalization of conventional dual frame. It has provided us with a frame-like expansion. Using oblique dual frames one can extend frame expansions to include redundant expansions in which the analysis and synthesis frames lie in different spaces. Given positive integers L, M and N, an N?-periodic set 𝕊 in ?, let 𝒢(g, N, M) be a frame for l ²(𝕊, ? ^L ), and let 𝒢(h, N, M) be a frame for ?(h, N, M) (generated by 𝒢(h, N, M)). This article addresses super Gabor duals of g in ?(h, N, M). We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition on h admitting super oblique Gabor duals of g, and present a parametrization expression of all super oblique Gabor duals and all oblique canonical Gabor duals of g. We also characterize the uniqueness of super oblique Gabor dual and oblique canonical Gabor dual of g. Some examples are also provided.     

Weyl Pseudo-Differential Operator and Wigner Transform on the Poincaré Disk

The purpose of this paper is to investigate some relations between the kernel of a Weyl pseudo-differential operator and the Wigner transform on Poincaré disk defined in our previous paper [11]. The composition formula for the class of the operators defined in [11] has not been proved yet. However, some properties and relations, which are analogous to the Euclidean case, between the Weyl pseudo-differential operator and the Wigner transform have been investigated in [11]. In the present paper, an asymptotic formula for the Wigner transform of the kernel of a Weyl pseudo-differential operator as 0 is given. We also introduce a space of functions on the cotangent bundle T ^* D whose definition is based on the notion of the Schwartz space on the Poincaré disk. For an S ¹-invariant symbol in that space, we obtain a formula to reproduce the symbol from the kernel of the Weyl pseudo-differential operator.     

Dilations and Completions for Gabor Systems

Let be a full rank time-frequency lattice in ℝ ^d ×ℝ ^d . In this note we first prove that any dual Gabor frame pair for a Λ-shift invariant subspace M can be dilated to a dual Gabor frame pair for the whole space L ²(ℝ ^d ) when the volume v(Λ) of the lattice Λ satisfies the condition v(Λ)≤1, and to a dual Gabor Riesz basis pair for a Λ-shift invariant subspace containing M when v(Λ)>1. This generalizes the dilation result in Gabardo and Han (J. Fourier Anal. Appl. 7:419–433, [2001]) to both higher dimensions and dual subspace Gabor frame pairs. Secondly, for any fixed positive integer N, we investigate the problem whether any Bessel–Gabor family G(g,Λ) can be completed to a tight Gabor (multi-)frame G(g,Λ)∪(∪ _j=1 ^N G(g _j ,Λ)) for L ²(ℝ ^d ). We show that this is true whenever v(Λ)≤N. In particular, when v(Λ)≤1, any Bessel–Gabor system is a subset of a tight Gabor frame G(g,Λ)∪G(h,Λ) for L ²(ℝ ^d ). Related results for affine systems are also discussed. Communicated by Chris Heil.     

On the injectivity of a class of Wiener-Hopf integral operators in a Hilbert space

A class of Wiener-Hopf integral operators, with kernels vanishing along the positive real axis, is obtained from considering weighted transaxial line-integrals of rotationally symmetric functions defined on ². An analysis of these operators is given when acting in, the Hilbert space L²(⁺). A necessary and sufficient condition for injectivity is established and inversion formulas are provided in some cases. A specific operator falling into this class, the so-called incomplete Abel transform., is presented and an inversion formula is given. This inversion formula makes precise a formal result previously established in Dallaset al. [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A4, 2039 (1987)] and it is also shown to be consistent with an inversion formula derived by Hansen [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A9, 2126 (1992)].This research was supported by NIH/NCI Grant R01 CA49261     

An Integral Formula for Lipschitz-Killing Curvature and the Critical Points of Height Functions

We have established (see Shiohama and Xu in J. Geom. Anal. 7:377–386, 1997; Lemma) an integral formula on the absolute Lipschitz-Killing curvature and critical points of height functions of an isometrically immersed compact Riemannian n-manifold into R ^n+q . Making use of this formula, we prove a topological sphere theorem and a differentiable sphere theorem for hypersurfaces with bounded L ^n/2 Ricci curvature norm in R ⁿ⁺¹. We show that the theorems of Gauss-Bonnet-Chern, Chern-Lashof and the Willmore inequality are all its consequences.     

Functional Calculus for Infinitesimal Generators of Holomorphic Semigroups

We give a functional calculus formula for infinitesimal generators of holomorphic semigroups of operators on Banach spaces, which involves the Bochner–Riesz kernels of such generators. The rate of smoothness of operating functions is related to the exponent of the growth on vertical lines of the operator norm of the semigroup. The strength of the formula is tested on Poisson and Gauss semigroups inL¹(Rⁿ) andL¹(G), for a stratified Lie groupG. We give also a self-contained theory of smooth absolutely continuous functions on the half line [0, ∞).     

Windowed Fourier transform of two-dimensional quaternionic signals

In this paper, we generalize the classical windowed Fourier transform (WFT) to quaternion-valued signals, called the quaternionic windowed Fourier transform (QWFT). Using the spectral representation of the quaternionic Fourier transform (QFT), we derive several important properties such as reconstruction formula, reproducing kernel, isometry, and orthogonality relation. Taking the Gaussian function as window function we obtain quaternionic Gabor filters which play the role of coefficient functions when decomposing the signal in the quaternionic Gabor basis. We apply the QWFT properties and the (right-sided) QFT to establish a Heisenberg type uncertainty principle for the QWFT. Finally, we briefly introduce an application of the QWFT to a linear time-varying system.     

Frames and Coorbit Theory on Homogeneous Spaces with a Special Guidance on the Sphere

The topic of this article is a generalization of the theory of coorbit spaces and related frame constructions to Banach spaces of functions or distributions over domains and manifolds. As a special case one obtains modulation spaces and Gabor frames on spheres. Group theoretical considerations allow first to introduce generalized wavelet transforms. These are then used to define coorbit spaces on homogeneous spaces, which consist of functions having their generalized wavelet transform in some weighted L_p space. We also describe natural ways of discretizing those wavelet transforms, or equivalently to obtain atomic decompositions and Banach frames for the corresponding coorbit spaces. Based on these facts we treat aspects of nonlinear approximation and show how the new theory can be applied to the Gabor transform on spheres. For the S¹ we exhibit concrete examples of admissible Gabor atoms which are very closely related to uncertainty minimizing states.     

Plancherel Inversion as Unified Approach to Wavelet Transforms and Wigner Functions

We demonstrate that the Plancherel transform for Type-I groups provides one with a natural, unified perspective for the generalized continuous wavelet transform, on the one hand, and for a class of Wigner functions, on the other. We first prove that a Plancherel inversion formula, well known for Bruhat functions on the group, holds for a much larger class of functions. This result allows us to view the wavelet transform as essentially the inverse Plancherel transform. The wavelet transform of a signal is an L²-function on an appropriately chosen group while the Wigner function is defined on a coadjoint orbit of the group and serves as an alternative characterization of the signal, which is often used in practical applications. The Plancherel transform maps L²-functions on a group unitarily to fields of Hilbert-Schmidt operators, indexed by unitary irreducible representations of the group. The wavelet transform can essentially be looked upon as a restricted inverse Plancherel transform, while Wigner functions are modified Fourier transforms of inverse Plancherel transforms, usually restricted to a subset of the unitary dual of the group. Some known results on both Wigner functions and wavelet transforms, appearing in the literature from very different perspectives, are naturally unified within our approach. Explicit computations on a number of groups illustrate the theory. Communicated by Gian Michele Graf submitted 05/06/01, accepted: 19/09/02     

Radon Transform on the Torus

We consider the Radon transform on the (flat) torus \mathbbTⁿ = \mathbbRⁿ/\mathbbZⁿ{\mathbb{T}^{n} = \mathbb{R}^{n}/\mathbb{Z}^n} defined by integrating a function over all closed geodesics. We prove an inversion formula for this transform and we give a characterization of the image of the space of smooth functions on \mathbbTⁿ{\mathbb{T}^{n}} .     

Gabor frames, unimodularity, and window decay

We study time-continuous Gabor frame generating window functions g satisfying decay properties in time and/or frequency with particular emphasis on rational time-frequency lattices. Specifically, we show under what conditions these decay properties of g are inherited by its minimal dual γ⁰ and by generalized duals γ. We consider compactly supported, exponentially decaying, and faster than exponentially decaying (i.e., decay like |g(t)|≤Ce^{−α|t| 1/α} for some 1/2≤α<1) window functions. Particularly, we find that g and γ⁰ have better than exponential decay in both domains if and only if the associated Zibulski-Zeevi matrix is unimodular, i.e., its determinant is a constant. In the case of integer oversampling, unimodularity of the Zibulski-Zeevi matrix is equivalent to tightness of the underlying Gabor frame. For arbitrary oversampling, we furthermore consider tight Gabor frames canonically associated to window functions g satisfying certain decay properties. Here, we show under what conditions and to what extent the canonically associated tight frame inherits decay properties of g. Our proofs rely on the Zak transform, on the Zibulski-Zeevi representation of the Gabor frame operator, on a result by Jaffard, on a functional calculus for Gabor frame operators, on results from the theory of entire functions, and on the theory of polynomial matrices.     

Unramified cohomology of degree 3 and Noether’s problem

Let G be a finite group and W be a faithful representation of G over C. The group G acts on the field of rational functions C(W). The question whether the field of invariant functions C(W) ^G is purely transcendental over C goes back to Emmy Noether. Using the unramified cohomology group of degree 2 of this field as an invariant, Saltman gave the first examples for which C(W) ^G is not rational over C. Around 1986, Bogomolov gave a formula which expresses this cohomology group in terms of the cohomology of the group G. In this paper, we prove a formula for the prime to 2 part of the unramified cohomology group of degree 3 of C(W) ^G . Specializing to the case where G is a central extension of an F _p -vector space by another, we get a method to construct nontrivial elements in this unramified cohomology group. In this way we get an example of a group G for which the field C(W) ^G is not rational although its unramified cohomology group of degree 2 is trivial. Dedicated to Jean-Louis Colliot-Thélène.     

Bessel identities in the waldspurger correspondence over the real numbers

We prove certain identities between Bessel functions attached to irreducible unitary representations ofPGL ₂(R) and Bessel functions attached to irreducible unitary representations of the double cover ofSL ₂(R). These identities give a correspondence between such representations which turns out to be the Waldspurger correspondence. In the process we prove several regularity theorems for Bessel distributions which appear in the relative trace formula. In the heart of the proof lies a classical result of Weber and Hardy on a Fourier transform of classical Bessel functions. This paper constitutes the local (real) spectral theory of the relative trace formula for the Waldspurger correspondence for which the global part was developed by Jacquet. Research of first author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-0070762. Research of second author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-9729992 and DMS 9971003.