The Light-Front Hamiltonian Formalism for Two-Dimensional Quantum Electrodynamics Equivalent to the Lorentz-Covariant Approach

A light-front Hamiltonian reproducing the results of two-dimensional quantum electrodynamics in the Lorentz coordinates is constructed using the bosonization procedure and an analysis of the bosonic perturbation theory in all orders in the fermion mass. The resulting Hamiltonian involves a supplementary counterterm in addition to the usual terms appearing in the naive light-front quantization. This term is proportional to a linear combination of zeroth fermion modes (which are multiplied by a factor compensating the charge and fermion number). The coefficient of the counterterm has no ultraviolet divergence, depends on the value of the fermion condensate in the -vacuum, and is linear in this value for a small fermion mass.     

Van Hove Hamiltonians – Exactly Solvable Models of the Infrared and Ultraviolet Problem

Quadratic bosonic Hamiltonians with a linear perturbation are studied. Depending on the infrared and ultraviolet behavior of the perturbation, their properties are described from the point of view of spectral and scattering theory. Communicated by Ch. Gérard submitted 06/12/02, accepted: 17/03/03     

Entropy gain and the Choi-Jamiolkowski correspondence for infinite-dimensional quantum evolutions

We consider the entropy gain for infinite-dimensional evolutions and show that unlike in the finitedimensional case, there are many channels with positive minimal entropy gain. We obtain a new lower bound and compute the minimal entropy gain for a broad class of bosonic Gaussian channels. We mathematically formulate the Choi-Jamiolkowski (CJ) correspondence between channels and states in the infinite-dimensional case in a form close to the form used in quantum information theory. In particular, we obtain an explicit expression for the CJ operator defining a general nondegenerate bosonic Gaussian channel and compute its norm.     

New Perturbation Theory for Quantum Field Theory: Convergent Series Instead of Asymptotic Expansions

We present a new approach to perturbation theory for quantum field theory based on convergent series instead of asymptotic expansions. This approach could be considered as the next step after traditional perturbation theory calculations, which allows more comprehensive use of previously obtained information in finding numerical values with greater accuracy.     

Use of the Bogoliubov method of compensating “dangerous” diagrams to investigate magnetic superconductors

The gauge model in superconductivity theory describes a multiparticle dynamic system in a constant external field of the vector (electromagnetic) potential. The Hamiltonian of this dynamic system models a superconducting antiferromagnet and contains electron-boson interactions of the second (Fröhlich Hamiltonian) and fourth (exchange interaction)_orders in the electron operators. This Hamiltonian accounts for the interaction of the magnetic moments of the conductance electrons. The bosonic spectrum of the system consists of normal modes of the coupled phonon-magnon oscillations. We obtain a system of equations describing a simultaneous compensation of the “dangerous” diagrams (those leading to energy divergence in the perturbation theory) corresponding to the creation of two (bivertex) or four (tetravertex) electron excitations from the vacuum. We find a solution of this system of equations corresponding to the superconducting state.     

Fredholm theory for pairs of closed subspaces of a Banach space

We study the Fredholm theory for pairs of closed subspaces of a Banach space developed by Kato. We define the strictly singular and the strictly cosingular pairs of subspaces, and we show that some of the results of operator theory can be extended to this context. However, there are some notable differences. On the one hand, the perturbation classes problem has a positive answer in this context: the upper and lower semi-Fredholm pairs are stable under strictly singular and strictly cosingular perturbations, respectively, and this stability characterizes the strictly singular and the strictly cosingular pairs. Note that it has been proved recently that the perturbation classes problem for continuous semi-Fredholm operators has a negative answer. On the other hand, unlike in the case of operators, the Fredholm pairs are not stable under perturbation by strictly singular or strictly cosingular pairs. We also show the stability under composition of the compact, the strictly singular and the strictly cosingular pairs of subspaces.     

Chern-simons theory in the SO(5)/U(2) harmonic superspace

We consider the superspace of D=3, N=5 supersymmetry using SO(5)/U(2) harmonic coordinates. Three analytic N=5 gauge superfields depend on three vector and six harmonic bosonic coordinates and also on six Grassmann coordinates. Decomposing these superfields in Grassmann and harmonic coordinates yields infinite-dimensional supermultiplets including a three-dimensional gauge Chern-Simons field and auxiliary bosonic and fermionic fields carrying SO(5) vector indices. The superfield action of this theory is invariant with respect to the D=3, N=6 conformal supersymmetry realized on N=5 superfields. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 157, No. 2, pp. 217–234, November, 2008.     

Equilibrium State of Inhomogeneous Plasma

We consider the problem of a self-consistent determination of an essentially inhomogeneous equilibrium state of classical plasma. The solutions of the stationary Vlasov–Poisson equations are constructed in the form of a localized transition layer that separates the domains of homogeneous plasmas with different equilibrium parameters. The layer can also transform into a local perturbation inside a homogeneous plasma. In both cases, the solution contains neither mass currents nor electric currents, and all electrodynamic and hydrodynamic quantities and their derivatives are continuous. The parameters of the adjacent domains uniquely determine the transition layer structure.     

Family of instantons of the Kraichnan model with a frozen velocity field

We find the family of instantons of the Kraichnan model with a frozen velocity field. Using these instantons, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of higher orders of the perturbation theory series constructed for the response function. We demonstrate that although the number of diagrams increases factorially with the degree of the perturbation series term, the perturbation series itself has a finite and sometimes even infinite convergence radius. We thus disprove the commonly accepted view that the type of series convergence can be determined by estimating the number of diagrams in higher orders of the perturbation theory. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 158, No. 2, pp. 200–213, February, 2009.     

Explicit Expressions for Timelike and Spacelike Observables of Quantum Chromodynamics in Analytic Perturbation Theory

We study the possibility of expressing the invariant QCD coupling function (i.e., the effective coupling constant) in an explicit analytic form in two- and three-loop approximations as well as in the case of the Padé-transformed -function. Both the timelike and spacelike domains are investigated. Technical aspects of the Shirkov–Solovtsov analytic perturbation theory are considered. Explicit expressions for the two- and three-loop effective coupling functions in the timelike domain are obtained. In the last case, we apply a new method of expanding functions represented in an arbitrary loop order of perturbation theory in powers of the two-loop function. The comparison with numerical data in the infrared region shows that the obtained explicit expressions for the three-loop functions agree fully with the exact numerical results.     

Contour-ordered Green’s functions in stochastic field theory

We briefly review the functional formulation of the perturbation theory for various Green’s functions in quantum field theory. In particular, we discuss the contour-ordered representation of Green’s functions at a finite temperature. We show that the perturbation expansion of time-dependent Green’s functions at a finite temperature can be constructed using the standard Wick rules in the functional form without introducing complex time and evolution backward in time. We discuss the factorization problem for the corresponding functional integral. We construct the Green’s functions of the solution of stochastic differential equations in the Schwinger-Keldysh form with a functional-integral representation with explicitly intertwined physical and auxiliary fields.     

Polynomial Representations and Categorifications of Fock Space

The rings of symmetric polynomials form an inverse system whose limit, the ring of symmetric functions, is the model for the bosonic Fock space representation of the affine Lie algebra. We show that this limit naturally carries an action of the affine Lie algebra (in the sense of Rouquier), thereby obtaining a family of categorifications of the bosonic Fock space representation.     

Point Interaction Between Two Fermions and One Particle of a Different Nature

We consider a model of point interaction between two fermions and one particle of a different nature. The model is analogous to the Skornyakov–Ter-Martirosyan model. It is interpreted based on the self-adjoint extension theory for symmetric operators. We show that if the mass of the third particle is sufficiently smaller than the fermion mass, the corresponding energy operator has an infinite set of bound states with the energy values tending to –.     

Lower branch of the spectrum of a fermion interacting with a bosonic gas (polaron)

The lower single-particle bound state of a fermion interacting with a bosonic gas is studied. In the case of a small coupling constant, the employed method makes it possible to improve significantly the accuracy of the previously known results on the polaron branch of the spectrum. The results give a hint that in one-and two-dimensional systems there may exist an excited polaron state with small value of the momentum.Institute of Problems of Information Transmission, Russian Academy of Sciences Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 92, No. 2, pp. 255–268, August, 1992.     

CP Violation in the models of fermion localization on a domain wall (brane)

We briefly review the mechanism of fermion localization on a domain wall (“thick brane”) generated by a topologically nontrivial vacuum configuration of scalar fields. We propose an extension of the scalar field coupling to fermions that endows the fermions with an axial mass. In the case of several flavors and fermion generations, this extension can lead to the appearance of the Standard Model Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix. We also consider a model with two scalar doublets that ensures an additional mechanism of CP-parity violation.     

Intrinsic metrics for non-local symmetric Dirichlet forms and applications to spectral theory

We present a study of what may be called an intrinsic metric for a general regular Dirichlet form. For such forms we then prove a Rademacher type theorem. For strongly local forms we show existence of a maximal intrinsic metric (under a weak continuity condition) and for Dirichlet forms with an absolutely continuous jump kernel we characterize intrinsic metrics by bounds on certain integrals. We then turn to applications on spectral theory and provide for (measure perturbation of) general regular Dirichlet forms an Allegretto–Piepenbrink type theorem, which is based on a ground state transform, and a Shnol' type theorem. Our setting includes Laplacian on manifolds, on graphs and α-stable processes.     

Field Theory Approach to the Dynamics of a Continuous Medium: A Perturbation Theory

We propose a perturbation theory that allows solving the equations of motion for the displacement vector in the body of the Earth in the framework of the linear theory of elasticity. We show that tectonic processes are primarily determined by tidal actions. We analyze the tidal effects in the Earth–Moon–Sun system.     

Homoclinic orbits and chaos in discretized perturbed NLS systems: Part I. Homoclinic orbits

Summary The existence of homocliic orbits, for a finite-difference discretized form of a damped and driven perturbation of the focusing nonlinear Schroedinger equation under even periodic boundary conditions, is established. More specifically, for external parameters on a codimension 1 submanifold, the existence of homoclinic orbits is established through an argument which combines Melnikov analysis with a geometric singular perturbation theory and a purely geometric argument (called the “second measurement” in the paper). The geometric singular perturbation theory deals with persistence of invariant manifolds and fibration of the persistent invariant manifolds. The approximate location of the codimension 1 submanifold of parameters is calculated. (This is the material in Part I.) Then, in a neighborhood of these homoclinic orbits, the existence of “Smale horseshoes” and the corresponding symbolic dynamics are established in Part II [21].     

The Gravitational Field of an Electrically Charged Mass Point and the Causality Principle in the RTG

We find the effective Riemannian space–time corresponding to the gravitational field generated by a charged mass point in the framework of the relativistic theory of gravity. The causality principle plays an important role in solving this problem. The analytic form and the domain of definition, i.e., the gravitational radius, of the obtained solution differ from the corresponding results in Einstein's general relativity theory.     

Restriction of the Fermion Mass Spectrum in PT-Symmetric Systems and its Implications For Studying Dark Matter

Theoretical and Mathematical Physics - We formulate principal positions of a non-Hermitian model with a γ5-extension of the fermion mass, which are often neglected in investigating this...