The spectral observation of decimetric spikes with very high spectral resolution

Thousands of decimetric spikes were observed with a new spectrometer of Yunnan Observatory on June 24, 2001. The statistical analyses of the bandwidth, polarization degree, and half power duration of these spikes were made. We found that the absolute bandwidth of the spikes is down to the low limit of the instrument’s spectral resolution (about 1.4 MHz). 76% of the total spikes have the polarization degree greater than 70%. The distribution of the half power durations concentrates on less than 16 milliseconds. These results support the interpretation of the electron cyclotron maser (ECM) mechanism for the decimetric spikes.     

The non-Markovian approach to the valuation and hedging of European contingent claims on power with scaling spikes

We present and further develop a new approach to modeling power prices with spikes proposed earlier by the author. In contrast to other approaches, we model power prices with spikes as a non-Markovian stochastic process that allows for modeling spikes directly as self-reversing jumps. We show how this approach can be used to value European contingent claims on power with spikes as well as to value and dynamically hedge European contingent claims on forwards on power for power with spikes in a practically important special case of the scaling probability distribution for the magnitude of spikes.     

A local spectral approach for assessing time series model misspecification

We consider band-limited frequency-domain goodness-of-fit testing for stationary time series, without smoothing or tapering the periodogram, while taking into account the effects of parameter uncertainty (from maximum-likelihood estimation). We are principally interested in modeling short econometric time series, typically with 100 to 150 observations, for which data-driven bandwidth selection procedures for kernel-smoothed spectral density estimates are unlikely to have adequate levels. Our mathematical results take parameter uncertainty directly into account, allowing us to obtain adequate level properties at small sample sizes. The main theorems provide very general results involving joint normality for linear functionals of powers of the periodogram, while accounting for parameter uncertainty, which can be used to determine the level and power of a wide array of statistics. We discuss several applications, such as spectral peak testing and testing for the inclusion of an Unobserved Component, and illustrate our methods on a time series from the Energy Information Administration.     

Border collision bifurcations and power spectral density of chaotic signals generated by one-dimensional discontinuous piecewise linear maps

Recently, many papers have appeared which study the power spectral density (PSD) of signals issued from some specific maps. This interest in the PSD is due to the importance of frequency in the telecommunications and transmission security. With the large number of wireless systems, the availability of frequencies for transmission and reception is increasingly uncommon for wireless communications. Also, guided media have limitations related to the bandwidth of a signal. In this paper, we investigate some properties associated to the border-collision bifurcations in a one-dimensional piecewise-linear map with three slopes and two parameters. We derive analytical expressions for the autocorrelation sequence, power spectral density (PSD) of chaotic signals generated by our piecewise-linear map. We prove the existence of strong relation between different types of the power spectral density (low-pass, high-pass or band-stop) and the parameters. We also find a relation between the type of spectrum and the order of attractive cycles which are located after the border collision bifurcation between chaos and cycles.     

On spectral bounds for cutsets

Let Γ be a simple and connected graph. A k-vertex separator [k-edge separator] is a subset of vertices [edges] whose deletion separates the vertex [edge] set of Γ into two parts of equal cardinality, that are at distance greater than k in Γ. Here we investigate the relation between the cardinality of these cutsets and the laplacian spectrum of Γ. As a consequence of the study, we obtain the well-known lower bounds for the bandwidth and the bipartition width of a graph.     

A spectral approach to bandwidth and separator problems in graphs

Lower bounds on the bandwidth, the size of a vertex separator of general undirected graphs, and the largest common subgraph of two undirected (weighted) graphs are obtained. The bounds are based on a projection technique developed for the quadratic assignment problem, and once more demonstrate the importance of the extreme eigenvalues of the Laplacian. They will be shown to be strict for certain classes of graphs and compare favourably to bounds already known in literature. further improvement is gained by applying nonlinear optimization methods.     

VCSEL激光器仿真模型在家庭固定网络的应用

探讨了VCSEL激光器工作环境的温度问题和激光器的带宽问题,提出VCSEL激光器的光功率与电流(L-I)模型和器件工作时的电压与电流(U-I)特性曲线模型,利用最小二乘法和高斯牛顿法,对模型初步求解并改进,最终得到最优的激光器工作环境的温度.提出一种基于速率方程的VCSEL的带宽模型(小信号响应模型),并考虑激光器的温度和偏置电流对带宽的影响,利用非线性最优化的方法确定带宽模型,最终得到相应的结论.     

About embedded eigenvalues for a spectral problem arising in the study of elastic surface waves in a topographical waveguide

In this paper, we are interested with the spectral study of an operator given by an elastic topographical waveguide, a deformed half‐space, of which the cross‐section is a local perturbation of a homogeneous half‐plane. We look for guided waves propagating more rapidly than Rayleigh waves (which mathematically would correspond to embedded eigenvalues) and prove that there are no guided waves propagating more rapidly than S‐waves. Thanks to the boundary of the deformed half‐plane and some reduced equations, these eventual eigenmodes must locally vanish. Adapting to our case a unique continuation principle for the elasticity system, we conclude that these eigenmodes vanish everywhere. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

BANDWIDTH SELECTION IN NONPARAMETRIC SPECTRAL DENSITY ESTIMATION OF THE STATIONARY GAUSSIAN PROCESS

ＢＡＮＤＷＩＤＴＨＳＥＬＥＣＴＩＯＮＩＮＮＯＮＰＡＲＡＭＥＴＲＩＣＳＰＥＣＴＲＡＬＤＥＮＳＩＴＹＥＳＴＩＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＳＴＡＴＩＯＮＡＲＹＧＡＵＳＳＩＡＮＰＲＯＣＥＳＳ￥ＹＵＤＡＮ（于丹）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＳｙｓｔｅｍｓＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ，...     

Local Regularity for the Modified SQG Patch Equation

We study the patch dynamics on the whole plane and on the half‐plane for a family of active scalars called modified surface quasi‐geostrophic (SQG) equations. These involve a parameter α that appears in the power of the kernel in their Biot‐Savart laws and describes the degree of regularity of the equation. The values α =0 and α =½ correspond to the two‐dimensional Euler and SQG equations, respectively. We establish here local‐in‐time regularity for these models, for all α ? (0,½) on the whole plane and for all small α > 0 on the half‐plane. We use the latter result in [16], where we show existence of regular initial data on the half‐plane that lead to a finite‐time singularity.© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

势阱深度对双稳态电磁发电系统发电性能的影响研究

电磁式振动能量捕获技术从单稳态系统发展到多稳态系统,拓宽了响应频带,增大了输出电压,能够获得较好的发电性能.以附加线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器为研究对象,主要研究了势阱深度对双稳态系统发电性能的影响,并基于最优发电性能下的势阱深度,研究了双稳态系统结构参数中质量比与调频比对系统发电性能的影响.通过数值仿真结果说明,在外部激励频率为低频时:势阱深度较大时,双稳态系统的振子只能在一个阱内发生小幅振动运动;当势阱深度小到一定程度时,双稳态系统的振子跨过势垒在两个阱间内发生大幅混沌运动或周期运动,其优于小幅振动运动时的平均输出功率.通过数值模拟,得到双稳态系统具有较高的发电性能下的最优质量比、调频比以及阻尼比参数.     

A bias reducing technique in kernel distribution function estimation

In this paper we suggest a bias reducing technique in kerneldistribution function estimation. In fact, it uses a convex combination of three kernel estimators, and it turned out that the bias has been reduced to the fourth power of the bandwidth, while the bias of the kernel distribution function estimator has the second power of the bandwidth. Also, the variance of the proposed estimator remains at the same order as the kernel distribution function estimator. Numerical results based on simulation studies show this phenomenon, too.     

Design and Fabrication of Composite Smart Structures with High Electric and Mechanical Performances for Future Mobile Communication

In this paper, we have developed a load-bearing outer skin for antennas, which is termed a composite smart structure (CSS). The CSS is a multilayer composite sandwich structure in which antenna layers are inserted. A direct-feed stacked patch antenna is considered. A design procedure including the structure design, material selection, and design of antenna elements in order to obtain high electric and mechanical performances is presented. An optimized honeycomb thickness is selected for efficient radiation and impedance characteristics. High gain conditions can be obtained by placing the outer facesheet in the resonance position, which is at about a half wavelength distance from the ground plane. The measured electrical performances show that the CSS has a great bandwidth (over 10%) and a higher gain than an antenna without a facesheet and has excellent mechanical performances, owing to the composite laminates and honeycomb cores. The CSS concept can be extended to give a useful guide for manufacturers of structural body panels and for antenna designers.     

一类半整数自由度级的非线性共振及其在电力系统中的应用

本部分讨论下列两自由度实系统:(?) (1)其中“·”代表 d/(dt),λ_1>0,λ_2>0,ε为正小参数,k_1(t) 和 k_2(t) 是周期为(2x)/v 的周期函数.同时假设,f_1(x),f_2(x),k_1(t),k_2(t)都是足够光滑的.系统(1)包括双机电力系统为其特例.在§4中将叙述本文的结果在双机电力系统上的应用.本文关心的问题是在状态 x_1和 x_2之间,是否会发生周期与 k_1(t),k_2(t) 的周期相同的振动现象,以及具体的计算方法.为此,需要有 x 的方程.在 λ_1=λ_2时问题特别简单,     

Semiregular trees with minimal Laplacian spectral radius

A semiregular tree is a tree where all non-pendant vertices have the same degree. Among all semiregular trees with fixed order and degree, a graph with minimal (adjacency/Laplacian) spectral radius is a caterpillar. Counter examples show that the result cannot be generalized to the class of trees with a given (non-constant) degree sequence.     

Design of Microstrip Antennas with Composite Laminates Considering Their Structural Rigidity

Two types of conformal load-bearing antenna structures (CLAS) were designed with microwave composite laminates and Nomex honeycomb cores to secure both the structural rigidity and a good electrical performance. One was a 4 × 8 array for the synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) system and the other was a 5 × 2 array for the wireless local-area network (LAN) system. The design was based on a wide bandwidth, high polarization purity, low losses, and high structural rigidity. The design, fabrication, and structural/electrical performances of the antenna structures were studied. Their flexural behavior was examined by three-point bending, impact, and buckling tests. The electrical measurements were in a good agreement with simulation results. The complex antenna structures obtained have good flexural characteristics. The design of this antenna structure is extended to give a useful guide for sandwich panel manufacturers as well as antenna designers.     

Joint Modelling of Gas and Electricity Spot Prices

Abstract

The recent liberalization of electricity and gas markets has resulted in the growth of energy exchanges and modelling problems. In this article, we jointly model gas and electricity spot prices using a mean-reverting model that fits the correlation structures for the two commodities. The dynamics are based on Ornstein processes with parameterized diffusion coefficients. Moreover, using the empirical distributions of the spot prices, we derive a class of such parameterized diffusions that captures the most salient statistical properties: stationarity, spikes and heavy-tailed distributions. The associated calibration procedure is based on standard and efficient statistical tools. We calibrate the model on French market for electricity and on UK market for gas, and then we simulate some trajectories that reproduce well the observed prices behaviour. Finally, we illustrate the importance of the correlation structure and of the presence of spikes by measuring the risk on a power plant portfolio.     

关于带宽极值问题的一些结果

本文研究的问题是确定f(p,B）的值，也就是给定顶点数p和带宽B，求满足最大度不超过B的连通图的最小边数，本文给出了一些f(p,B）的值及相应极图。     

A general performance analysis method for uniform memory architectures

The performance of a multiprocessor system greatly depends on the bandwidth of its memory architecture. In this paper, uniform memory architectures with various interconnection networks including crossbar, multiple-buses and generalized shuffle networks are studied. We propose a general method based on the Markov chain model by assuming that the blocked memory requests will be redistributed to the memory modules in the next memory cycle. This assumption results in an analysis with lower complexity where the number of states is linearly proportional to the number of processors. Moreover, it can provide excellent estimation on the system power and memory bandwidth for all three types of interconnection networks as compared with the simulation results in which the blocked memory requests are resubmitted to the same memory module. Comparisons also show that our method is more general and precise than most existing analysis methods. The method is further extended to estimate the performance of multiprocessor system with caches. The approximation results are also shown to be remarkably good.     

Ramsey numbers for bipartite graphs with small bandwidth

We estimate Ramsey numbers for bipartite graphs with small bandwidth and bounded maximum degree. In particular we determine asymptotically the two and three color Ramsey numbers for grid graphs. More generally, we determine asymptotically the two color Ramsey number for bipartite graphs with small bandwidth and bounded maximum degree and the three color Ramsey number for such graphs with the additional assumption that the bipartite graph is balanced.