轮换方程组的求解

一次数奥课上 ,我与同学们一道解方程组x1 +x2 x3=2 ,x2 +x1 x3=2 ,x3+x1 x2 =2 ,利用常规解法及整体代换x1 x2 x3=p两种解法 ,获解 (1,1,1)、(-2 ,-2 ,-2 ) .继而有一同学类比此题提出在R内解以下方程组x1 +x2 x3x4 =2 ,x2 +x1 x3x4 =2 ,x3+x1 x2 x4 =2 ,x4 +x1 x2 x3=2 ,我们利用整体代换x1 x2 x3x4 =p ,也求出了它的全部解 (1,1,1,1)、(3 ,-1,-1,-1)、(-1,3 ,-1,-1)、(-1,-1,3 ,-1)、(-1,-1,-1,3 ) ,共五组 .立即 ,又有同学提出在R内解类似方程组x1 +x2 x3x4 x5=2 ,x2 +x1 x3x4 x5=2 ,x3+x1 x2 x4 x5=2 ,x4 +x1 x2 x3x5=2 ,x5+x1 x2 x3x…     

一道IMO预选题的推广

第 2 6届 ( 1 985年 )国际数学奥林匹克有如下预选题 .设 x1,x2 ,… ,xn ∈ R ( n≥ 2 ) ,求证x21x21 x2 x3 x22x22 x3 x4 … x2n-1x2n-1 xnx1 x2nx2n x1x2≤ n - 1 . ( 1 )推而广之 ,我们有定理　若 x1,x2 ,… ,xn ∈ R ( n≥ 2 ) ,α,β∈ R,则xα β1xα β1 xα2 xβ3 xα β2xα β2 xα3 xβ4 … xα βn-1xα βn-1 xαnxβ1 xα βnxα βn xα1xβ2≤ n - 1 . ( 2 )证明　 n =2时 ,不等式 ( 2 )左端为xα β1xα β1 xα2 xβ1 xα β2xα β2 xα1xβ2　 =xα1xα1 xα2 xα2xα2 xα1=1 .故 n =2…     

一类实系数高次方程的求解

有这样一个有趣的问题 :下面的多项式各不相同 ,但都有类似的分解形式( 1 )x3+ 4x2 + 8x+ 8=(x2 + 2x+ 4 ) (x+ 2 )( 2 )x4+ 4x3+ 1 2x2 + 1 6x+ 1 6=(x2 + 2x+ 4 ) (x2 + 2x+ 4 )( 3)x5+ 4x4+ 1 2x3+ 2 4x2 + 32x+ 32 =(x3+ 2x2 + 4x + 8) (x2 + 2x + 4 )( 4 )x3+ 6x2 + 1 8x+ 2 7=(x2 + 3x+ 9) (x + 3)( 5 )x4+ 6x3+ 2 7x2 + 5 4x+ 81 =(x2 + 3x + 9) (x2 + 3x + 9)( 6)x5+ 6x4+ 2 7x3+ 81x2 + 1 62x+ 2 4 3=(x3+ 3x2 + 9x+ 2 7) (x2 + 3x+ 9)观察各式左端 ,发现首尾等距的两项系数ai与ai- 1 同除以i后成等比数列 ,猜想这就是多项式有如此…     

三类常见函数单调区间的确定

已知常见基本初等函数的单调性后,如何确定由它们经加减、乘除运算得到的函数以及复合函数的单调区间,本文就此作一浅析.1　函数单调性定义仍是确定单调区间的一种最基本方法例1　求函数f(x)=x 1x的单调区间.分析　任取x1x1,所以　x2-x1>0.设f(x2)f(x1),则x1x2>1或x1x2<0.假定x1=x2=x,则由01得x∈(1, ∞)或x∈(-∞,-1).可知0、±1是区间的单调分界点.当0相似文献   

有关凸函数的一个定理及其应用

引理1(1)若f(x)为区间[a,b]上的凸函数,对于x1、x2、x3∈[a.b],且满足x1≤x2≤x3,则总有f(x2)-f(x1)/x2-x1≤f(x3)-f(x2)/x3-x2.①(2)若f(x)为区间[a,b]上的凹函数,对于x1、x2、x3∈[a,b],且满足x1≤x2≤x3,则总有f(x2)-f(x1)/x2-x1≥f(x3)-f(x2)/x3-x2.     

导数应用典型错误剖析

一、导数定义理解不清例1设f(x)在x0处可导,则li m△x→0f(x0-Δx)-f(x0)Δx=.误解:∵Δx→0,-Δx→0.∴Δx→0,f(x0-Δx)→f(x0),f(x0 Δx)→f(x0).即li mΔx→0f(x0-Δx)=lΔi xm→0f(x0 Δx).因此li mΔx→0f(x0-Δx)-f(x0)Δx=li mΔx→0f(x0 Δx)-f(x0)Δx=f′(x0).剖析:错误的主要原因是由于对导数的定义理解不清,导数f′(x0)=li mΔx→0ΔyΔx=li mΔx→0f(x0 Δx)-f(x0)Δx,函数在某一点x0处的导数,就是函数在这一点的函数值的增量与自变量的增量的比值在自变量的增量趋近于零时的极限,分子分母中的自变量的增量Δx必须保持对应一致…     

2006年第一期初中数学问题参考解答

一、把x5,x 1x,1 2x x32相乘,其积是一个多项式,求该多项式的次数1解:∵x5(x 1x)(1 2x x32)=x2(x2 1)(x2 2x 3)=x2(x4 2x3 4x2 2x 3)=x6 2x5 4x4 2x3 3x2故该多项式的次数是61二、求方程组aabc bbcc==2434的正整数解1解:由ac bc=23得(a b)c=23=1×231∵a,b,c为正整数,∴c=1且a     

关于整除性的一个定理

定理1若对多项式:(x)、石(x)、。(x)、d(二)有(a(x) c(二),I)(x)一d(x))==p(x), 则p(x)![a(二)乙’(x) ‘,(x)d’(x)〕,(,:〔N)。 证明由(a(工) c(义),乙(x)一d(x))=P(x)。可设a(x) c(x)=P扛)q工(x), 乙(义)一d(x)=P(工)叮:(x)。 a(x)乙’(劣) 。(x)d’(x) =a(x)「乙(x)一d(x) :(x)〕’ 。(x)d.(丫) =a(劣)〔P(x)q:(x) d(x)〕, c(x)d.(x) =p(x)厂(二) a(x)d’(x) ‘(x)d’(x) =P(x)f(二) (a(x) ‘(义)d’(x) =p(x)[厂(x) d·(x)q;之x)〕 p(x)l〔a(x)石’(x) c(x)d.(男)〕。 对于形知劲’十‘d’的整数的整除性问题有类似结论。 定理2若a,…     

一个重要结论的运用

题在下列横线上填上一个适当的数,使等式成立.①x2+6x+=(x+)2②x2+8x+=(x+)2③x2-4x+=(x+)2④x2-10x+=(x+)2⑤x2+x+=(x+)2老师评讲题①时,用了两种方法.     

一道有奖征答题的解答、加强及猜想

问题设x1,x2,x3是非负实数,且满足x1+x2+x3=32. 　　试求:x13x2+x23x3+x33x1 的最大值[1](湖北大学<中学数学>2007.1P44).……     

On the solutions of a second order nonlinear system with almost periodic forcing

A second order almost periodic perturbed nonlinear system with small parameter is discussed in this paper. Based on some analytical techniques and the method of averaging, some sufficient conditions are obtained for existence of one almost periodic solution. Also some suitable conditions are given for existence of two almost periodic solutions. The obtained new results generalized the known results in Seifert [1], [3] and He [2], [4]. Finally, some applications are presented to illustrate that our results are a good generalization of the known results.     

普通型二分性与Favard定理

本文我们首先推广了著名的Ｆａｖａｒｄ定理并指出对齐次线性概周期系统由Ｆａｖａｒｄ定理所得到的概周期解是平凡的。然后利用推广后的Ｆａｖａｒｄ定理和普通型二分性讨论了一类线性和非线性系统的概周期解存在性。Ｎａｋａｊｉｍａ在文〔３〕中的结果是我们的结果的一种特殊情形。     

Pseudo almost periodic solutions for the systems of differential equations with piecewise constant argument [<Emphasis Type="Italic">t</Emphasis> + 1/2]

In this paper we investigate the existence and uniqueness of pseudo almost periodic solutions and unboundedness of other solutions for the systems of differential equations with piecewise constant argument [t + 1/2] by means of new notion of pseudo almost periodic vector sequences. The case in which the characteristic equation has multiple roots is considered.     

Almost periodic solutions of linear partial differential equations

Let L be an arbitrary linear partial differential operator and let f be an almost periodic function for t in R^m. In this paper we present sufficient conditions that a bounded solution u of Lu = f be almost periodic. Our work generalizes the theorem of Sibuya [5] for Poisson's equation and the theorems of Favard [3] and Bochner [1] for ordinary differential equations.     

概周期解的存在性、唯一性与稳定性

本文给出了一些保证微分方程的周期解和概周期解的存在性、唯一性、稳定性与不稳定性的充分性条件及周期解的存在范围估计式.所得结果推广[1]的主要结果及[2-6]的有关结果.     

无穷时滞Logistic方程的概周期解存在定理

本文讨论一类具无穷时滞Logistic系统,得到了关于该系统的一致持久性结论,由此改进文[3]中概周期解存在定理,同时解决了该文中的一个猜想.     

THE EXISTENCE OF ALMOST PERIODIC SOLUTION TO A CLASS OF ALMOST PERIODIC DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM

By means of the fixed point theorem and exponential dichotomy, in this paper we investigate the existence of almost periodic solutions to a class of n-dimensional almost periodic systems, which is more general than the systems in [1-2]. We generalize and improve some results in [3].     

Almost periodic invariant tori for the NLS on the circle

In this paper we study the existence and linear stability of almost periodic solutions for a NLS equation on the circle with external parameters. Starting from the seminal result of Bourgain in [15] on the quintic NLS, we propose a novel approach allowing to prove in a unified framework the persistence of finite and infinite dimensional invariant tori, which are the support of the desired solutions. The persistence result is given through a rather abstract “counter-term theorem” à la Herman, directly in the original elliptic variables without passing to action-angle ones. Our framework allows us to find “many more” almost periodic solutions with respect to the existing literature and consider also non-translation invariant PDEs.     

STABILITY AND EXISTENCE OF PERIODIC SOLUTIONS AND ALMOST PERIODIC SOLUTIONS ON LIENARD SYSTEMS

1MainResultsConsidersystem11~.x f(x)x' g(x)~0(1)wheref(x)islocallyintegrable,g(x)isdifferentiablealldg(0)=0.Theroem1Thezerosolutionofsystem(1)isuniformlyasymptoticallystableifbyequivalenttransf'Ormu=xov=X' F(x).DefineW[t,(uif\v)]j6ug(s)ds Iv',thenwisaposi…     

On almost periodic solutions of logistic delay differential equations with almost periodic time dependence

In this paper, we study almost periodic logistic delay differential equations. The existence and module of almost periodic solutions are investigated. In particular, we extend some results of Seifert in [G. Seifert, Almost periodic solutions of certain differential equations with piecewise constant delays and almost periodic time dependence, J. Differential Equations 164 (2000) 451–458].