二面体群D_(2n)的4度正规Cayley图

设G是有限群,S是G的不包含单位元1的非空子集．定义群G关于S的 Cayley(有向)图X=Cay(G,S)如下:V(x)=G,E(X)={(g,sg)|g∈G,s∈S}． Cayley图X=Cay(G,S)称为正规的如果R(G)在它的全自同构群中正规．图X称为1-正则的如果它的全自同构群在它的弧集上正则作用．本文对二面体群D2n以Z22 为点稳定子的4度正规Cayley图进行了分类．     

4p阶二面体群连通3度Cayley有向图的正规性

设G是一个有限群,S是G的不包含单位元1的非空子集,定义群G关于S的Cayley(有向)图X:=Cay(G,S)如下:V(X)=G,E(X)={(g,sg)|g∈G,s∈S}.Cayley(有向)图X:=Cay(G,S)称为正规的,如果G的右正则表示R(G)在X的自同构群Aut(X)中是正规的.设G是4p阶二面体群(p为素数).考察了Cay(G,S)连通3度的正规性,并给出了这些图的全自同构群.     

半二面体群的小度数Cayley图

群G的一个Cayley图X=Cay(G,S)称为正规的,如果右乘变换群R(G)在Aut X中正规.研究了4m阶半二面体群G=〈a,b a2m=b2=1,ab=am-1〉的3度和4度Cayley图的正规性,其中m=2r且r>2,并得到了几类非正规的Cayley图.     

一类拟二面体群的四度Cayley图的正规性

群G的一个Cayley图X=Cay(G,S)称为正规的,如果右乘变换群R(G)在AutX中正规.研究了4m阶拟二面体群G=a,b|a~(2m)=b~2=1,a~b=a~(m+1)的4度Cayley图的正规性,其中m=2~r,且r2,并得到拟二面体群的Cayley图的同构类型.     

Bi-Cayley图的一些代数性质

设G是一个有限群,S是G的一个子集,Bi-Cayley图BC(G,S)是一个二部图:其顶点集为G×{0,1},而边集为{{(g,0),(sg,1)}:g∈G,s∈S}.本文研究了有限阿贝尔群G上的Cayley图D(G,S)和Bi-Calyley图BC(G,S)之间特征值的关系,并由此得到循环群上的Bi-Cayley图的特征值.继而得到生成树数的一些渐进性定理.     

二面体群 D_n 上的 H-圈的一个判别条件

设 G 是有限群,S 为 G 的一个非空子集,e 是 G 中的单位元,如果 e(?)S,则称 S 为 G的一个 Gayley-子集.定义 Cayley 有向图 X=X(G,S)如下:V(X)=G,E(X)={(a,b)|a,b∈G,ba~(-1)∈S}.当 S=S~(-1)时 X 是无向图,简称 Cayley 图.若 X 有 Hamiltonian 圈(简记为 H-圈),也称 X 是-H-图.继 Lovasz 提出“仅有有限个顶点传递的连通图是非 H-图”的猜想后,Parsons 等猜测“连通 Cayley 图是 H-图”.但由于要一般性地解决这个问题极其困难,人们开始对一     

6p阶2度有向Cayley图的正规性

群G的Cayley有向图X=Cay(G,S)叫做正规的,如果G的右正则表示R(G)在X的全自同构群Aut(X)中正规.决定了6p(p素数)阶2度有向Cayley图的正规性,发现了一个新的2度非正规Cayley有向图.     

2p2阶3度Cayley图

Cayley图Cay(G,S)称之为正规的,如果G的右正则表示是Cay(G,S)全自同构群的正规子群。本文决定了2p~2(p为素数)阶群上3度连通Cayley图的正规性,作为该结果的一个应用,对每一个1(?)s(?)5,对2p~2阶3度s-正则Cayley图作了分类。     

p~2阶弧传递循环图的正规性条件

群G关于S的有向Cayley图X=Cay(G,S)称为pk阶有向循环图,若G是pk阶循环群.利用有限群论和图论的较深刻的结果,对p2阶弧传递(有向)循环图的正规性条件进行了讨论,证明了任一p2阶弧传递(有向)循环图是正规的当且仅当(|Aut(G,S)|,p)=1.     

一类16p阶群的三度Cayley图的正规性

有限群G的一个Cayley图X=Cay(G,S)称为正规的,如果右乘变换群R(G)在AutX中正规.研究了一类16p阶群G=〈a,b|a^(8p)=b(8p)=b²=1,a2=1,a^b=ab=a^(4p-1)〉的3度无向连通Cayley图的正规性,其中p为奇素数,并得到该群的正规与非正规的Cayley图     

THE NORMALITY OF CAYLEY GRAPHS OF SIMPLE GROUP A5 WITH SMALL VALENCIES

Let G be a finite group and S a subset of G not containing the identity element 1. We define the Cayley (di)graph X = Cay(G, S) of G with respect to S by V(X) = G,E(X) = {(g, sg) [ g ∈ G, s ∈ S}. A Cayley (di)graph X = Cay(G, S) is called normal if GR A = Aut(X). In this paper we prove that if S = {a, b, c} is a 3-generating subset of G = A5 not containing the identity 1, then X = Cay(G, S) is a normal Cayley digraph.     

Normal Cayley graphs of finite groups

LetG be a finite group and let S be a nonempty subset of G not containing the identity element 1. The Cayley (di) graph X = Cay(G, S) of G with respect to S is defined byV (X)=G, E (X)={(g,sg)|g∈G, s∈S} A Cayley (di) graph X = Cay (G,S) is said to be normal ifR(G) ◃A = Aut (X). A group G is said to have a normal Cayley (di) graph if G has a subset S such that the Cayley (di) graph X = Cay (G, S) is normal. It is proved that every finite group G has a normal Cayley graph unlessG≅ℤ₄×ℤ₂ orG≅Q ₈×ℤ ₂ ^r (r⩾0) and that every finite group has a normal Cayley digraph, where Z_m is the cyclic group of orderm and Q₈ is the quaternion group of order 8. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10231060) and the Doctorial Program Foundation of Institutions of Higher Education of China.     

On Symmetric Cayley Graphs of Valency Eleven

A Cayley graph Γ=Cay(G,S)is said to be normal if G is normal in Aut Γ.In this paper,we investigate the normality problem of the connected 11-valent symmetric Cayley graphs Γ of finite nonabelian simple groups G,where the vertex stabilizer Av is soluble for A=Aut Γ and v ∈ VΓ.We prove that either Γ is normal or G=A5,A10,A54,A274,A549 or A1099.Further,11-valent symmetric nonnormal Cayley graphs of A5,A54 and A274 are constructed.This provides some more examples of nonnormal 11-valent symmetric Cayley graphs of finite nonabelian simple groups after the first graph of this kind(of valency 11)was constructed by Fang,Ma and Wang in 2011.     

Banach空间的正规结构与对径点

假设S（X）是Banach空间X的单位球面,作引进了四个新的几何参数：Jε（X）=sup{βε（x）,x∈S（X）},jε（X）=inf{βε（x）,x∈S（X）},Gε（X）=sup{αε（x）,x∈S（X）},gε（X）=inf{αε（x）,x∈S（S）},其中≤ε≤1,βε（x）=sup{min{‖x εy‖,‖x-εy‖,y∈S（X）}},αε（x）=inf{max{‖x εy‖,‖x-εy‖,y∈S（X）}},讨论了这些参数的性质,本主要结果是：如果主要结果是：如果有一个ε,0≤ε≤1,使得Jε（X）＜1 ε/2或gε（X）＞1 ε/3,那末X有一至正规结构。     

AUTOMORPHISM GROUPS OF 4-VALENT CONNECTED CAYLEY GRAPHS OF p-GROUPS

61. IntroductionLet G be a trite grouP and S a subs6t of G such thst 1' S and S = S--1. The Cayleygraph X = Cay(G, S) Of G with respect to S is defined to have vertex set V(X) = G and edgeset E(X) = {(g, ag) I g E G, s E' S}. ~ the defection the following two faCts are obvious:(1) the automorphism group Ant(X) of X contains GR, the right regular representation ofG, as a subgroup, and (2) X is cormected if and only if S generates the group G.FOr a Cayley graph X = Cay(G, S) Of …     

分次环与局部化

设Ｇ是有限群，Ｒ是有单位元的Ｇ－型分次环，Ｓ是包含在Ｒ的所有齐次元素组成的集合内的乘法封闭子集，Ｓ＝ｘ∈Ｇａｅ（ｇｘ，ｘ）ａ∈Ｓ，Ｄｅｇ（ａ）＝ｇ∈Ｇ｛｝，Ｓ＝＝ｘ∈Ｇａｅ（ｇｘ，ｘｈ）ａ∈Ｓ，Ｄｅｇ（ａ）＝ｇ∈Ｇ，ｈ∈Ｇ｛｝，ＭＧ（Ｒ）表示以Ｇ的元作为行列标的｜Ｇ｜阶矩阵环．本文证明了Ｒ关于Ｓ满足左Ｏｒｅ条件当且仅当Ｒ＃Ｇ关于Ｓ满足左Ｏｒｅ条件当且仅当ＭＧ（Ｒ）关于Ｓ＝满足左Ｏｒｅ条件，而且，Ｓ－１（Ｒ＃Ｇ）≌（Ｓ－１Ｒ）＃Ｇ和Ｓ＝，－１（ＭＧ（Ｒ））≌ＭＧ（Ｓ－１Ｒ）．     

图的下测地数和上测地数

对于图G(或有向图D)内的任意两点u和v,u—v测地线是指在u和v之间(或从u到v)的最短路．I(u,v)表示位于u—v测地线上所有点的集合,对于S(?)V(G)(或V(D)),I(S)表示所有I(u,v)的并,这里u,v∈S．G(或D)的测地数g(G)(或g(D))是使I(S)=V(G)(或I(S)=V(D))的点集S的最小基数．G的下测地数g~-(G)=min{g(D)：D是G的定向图},G的上测地数g~ (G)=max{g(D)：D是G的定向图}．对于u∈V(G)和v∈V(H),G_u H_v表示在u和v之间加一条边所得的图．本文主要研究图G_u H_v的测地数和上(下)测地数．