谈谈高等数学选择题的设计

谈谈高等数学选择题的设计邹增家，侯桂芬（东北电力学院）在高等数学的教学改革中，为了加强学生对基本概念的理解，提高学生基本运算的熟练程度，特别是提高学生对客观型考试的适应能力，我们设计和编写了一本“高等数学选择题集”。下面结合编写和教学的实践，谈谈对高...     

高职院校高等数学教学改革的探索

就如何体现高等数学教学特色，提高学生数学心理素质，培养学生学习兴趣和解决问题能力，探讨改革高职高专院校高等数学教学的有益方法．     

浅谈高等数学教学中对学生自我效能感的培养

目前,由于学生学习高等数学的基础、高等数学学习能力和高等数学能力、高等数学学习的归因、高等数学学习评价等,导致学生高等数学学习的自我效能感较弱,成为影响学生学习高等数学的主要原因之一.笔者提出了通过给学生创设学习成功的机会、引导大学生进行积极的归因、树立学习的榜样、掌握数学思想、方法和有效的学习方法、优化评价方式等来激发、培养学生的高等数学学习的自我效能感,激发学生学习高等数学的兴趣,提高教学质量.     

“再创造”教学策略的应用

由于数学内容及数学方法所具有的特点,在高等数学教学中,运用“再创造”教学策略,培养学生学习数学的兴趣,提高学生创造性思维及逆向思维能力.     

“辨误教学”与高等数学基本理论教学

理工科院校部分学生对高等数学基本理论学习不够重视，因而对基本理论掌握不牢，而“辩误教学”是促使学生理解和掌握高等数学基本理论的有效方法之一。     

高等数学与高中数学的衔接

从高中教材和高等数学教材的内容、高等数学和初等数学的思维模式、教师的教学方法、学生的学习方法四个方面分析学生在学习高等数学时感到困难的原因,并探讨在高等数学教学中,做好高等数学与高中数学衔接的五项具体措施：上好绪论课,帮助学生建立自主学习的观念;指导正确的学习方法,培养学生的自学能力;给出数学概念要循序渐进,注意知识的衔接;加强习题指导,加深学生对基本概念的理解;及时了解学生状况,有针对性地开展教育。     

数值分析方法课程的特点与思想

1　高等数学教学中的问题数学作为一门基础科学 ,一直是理工类学科的基础 ,是物理、化学等学科用来描述自然规律的语言 .所以高等数学课程是理工类大学生的必修课程 ,高等数学的教育也是大学生本科教育中的重要组成部分 .传统的数学教育以高等数学分析为主 ,强调学生的理论分析、公式运用的能力 .由于数学问题固有的复杂性 ,使得许多理工学科专业问题在数学上解析求解无法实现 .传统的数学分析可以描述问题 ,却不能解决问题 ,这个矛盾让许多大学生感到数学“看似有用 ,实则无用”,同时也使得许多大学生在学习数学时毫无兴趣 ,毕业以后缺乏运…     

极限概念教学研究

<正> 一、极限概念的重要性及其教学疑难剖析极限概念是高等数学的重点,高等数学中许多基本概念,如导数、定积分、重积分等都是从极限推出的,高等数学中许多基本理论的论证也用到它,因此学生能否很好理解和掌握极限概念,不仅关系到学生能否学好高等数学,而且对培养学生抽象思维能力、逻辑推理能     

启发式教学的点滴体会

<正> 根据高校教改精神,高等数学的教学如何适应“淡化专业,加强基础,拓宽知识面,增强适应性”的需要,如何在传授知识的同时培养学生能力,这是提高教学质量的首要问题。下面谈点体会,不妥之处请大家批评。高等数学内容丰富,概念严格,解题方法多,计算量大,学生学起来感到“头痛”,有畏难俯绪。有人说:体育“跳跳蹦蹦,打打闹闹”就是一节课,音乐“玩玩唱唱,说说笑笑”也算一节课,何等的轻松、愉快啊!而高等数学一节课牺牲了许多脑细胞,又枯燥无味。当然,这种认识不全面,各门学科都有它的科学性,艰苦性、规律性和特殊性,这儿不多赘述,高等数学的教学如何采用启发式,增强兴趣性,     

高等数学教学方法的研究与实践

结合自身的教学经验,总结归纳了高等数学的教学方法与实践过程.主要从以下几个方面作了阐述:如何激发学生学习高等数学的兴趣,变被动学习为主动学习;如何将抽象问题直观化;如何将归纳和类比的方法应用到高等数学教学中;如何在教学中拓宽知识面,培养学生的发散思维.     

Emergent modeling: discrete graphs to support the understanding of change and velocity

In this paper we focus on an instructional sequence that aims at supporting students in their learning of the basic principles of rate of change and velocity. The conjectured process of teaching and learning is supposed to ensure that the mathematical and physical concepts will be rooted in students’ understanding of everyday-life situations. Students’ inventions are supported by carefully planned activities and tools that fit their reasoning. The central design heuristic of the instructional sequence is emergent modeling. We created an educational setting in three tenth grade classrooms to investigate students’ learning with this sequence. The design research is carried out in order to contribute to a local instruction theory on calculus. Classroom events and computer activities are video-taped, group work is audio-taped and student materials are collected. Qualitative analyses show that with the emergent modeling approach, the basic principles of calculus can be developed from students’ reasoning on motion, when they are supported by discrete graphs.     

独立学院高等数学教学的思考

随着近年来高校的进一步扩招,独立学院的学生素质越来越参差不齐.针对他们基本知识相对薄弱、学习主动性相对较差及因学习方法不当造成的学习效率低下等现状,本文从教学指导思想、教学目的、授课计划制定、课堂教学思路设计、课外辅导等多方面展开讨论,提出了独立学院高等数学教学的一套思路.     

Mathematical Readiness of Entering College Freshmen: An Exploration of Perceptions of Mathematics Faculty

The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics has set ambitious goals for the teaching and learning of mathematics that include preparing students for both the workplace and higher education. While this suggests that it is important for students to develop strong mathematical competencies by the end of high school, there is evidence to indicate that overall this is not the case. Both national and international studies corroborate the concern that, on the whole, US 12th grade students do not demonstrate mathematical proficiency, suggesting that students making the transition from high school to college mathematics may not be ready for its rigors. In order to investigate mathematical readiness of entering college students, this study surveyed mathematics faculty. Specifically, faculty members were asked their perceptions of average entering students' readiness related to relevant mathematical skills and concepts, and the importance of the same skills and concepts as foundations for college mathematics. Results demonstrated that the faculty perceived that average freshman students are generally not mathematically prepared; further, the skills and concepts rated as highly important — namely, algebraic skills and reasoning and generalization — were among those rated the lowest in terms of student competencies.     

数学建模融入经济数学教学中的案例及分析

经济数学是财经类专业的重要基础课程,在经济数学教学中讲授数学的基本概念和定理的同时,怎样引入数学模型进行教学,培养和激发学生学习数学的兴趣,是我们从事经济数学教学的教师都应该探讨的问题.本文结合经济数学教学的实践,介绍了经济数学教学中的几个经典经济模型案例,将数学与经济学有机地联系起来,让数学变得既生动又符合实际,取得了很好的教学效果.     

高等数学中映射与函数概念的教学

在映射与函数概念的教学中,由映射的基本概念和性质出发给出了函数的概念.从映射的角度扩展函数的概念,引出了高等数学及相关后续课程中的一些基本内容,帮助学生了解多元函数、复变函数、线性代数和泛函分析等相关后续课程.     

Strategies and computer projects for teaching linear algebra

Diversity in the classroom, non-traditional settings and the challenge of incorporating technology into teaching have led the author to adopt several strategies for successful teaching and learning of linear algebra. One of the components consists of a set of computer projects which allows students to explore new concepts, make conjectures, apply theorems and work on applied projects of their choice. The following strategies are described: (1) exploration of new concepts through computer exercises; (2) teaching linear transformations as early as possible; (3) emphasis on geometry; (4) teaching to write mathematics through development of a portfolio; (5) using computer projects for motivation and applications. The resulting improvement in student learning has been remarkable.     

Promoting reinvention of a multiplication-of-fractions algorithm: A study of the Learning Through Activity research program

Whereas proficiency in performing the canonic multiplication-of-fractions algorithm is common, understanding of the algorithm is much less so. We conducted a teaching experiment with a fifth-grade student, based on an initial hypothetical learning trajectory (HLT), to promote reinvention of the multiplication-of-fractions algorithm. The instructional intervention built on two concepts, recursive partitioning and distributive partitioning. As a study of the Learning Through Activity research program, our goal was to promote particular activity on the part of the student through which she could abstract the necessary concepts. The results of the teaching experiment were analyzed and, based on conclusions from the research, a revised HLT was generated. Recursive partitioning and distributive partitioning proved to be a strong foundation for construction of the algorithm.     

Improving Algebra Preparation: Implications From Research on Student Misconceptions and Difficulties

Through historical and contemporary research, educators have identified widespread misconceptions and difficulties faced by students in learning algebra. Many of these universal issues stem from content addressed long before students take their first algebra course. Yet elementary and middle school teachers may not understand how the subtleties of the arithmetic content they teach can dramatically, and sometimes negatively, impact their students' ability to transition to algebra. The purpose of this article is to bring awareness of some common algebra misconceptions, and suggestions on how they can be averted, to those who are teaching students the early mathematical concepts they will build upon when learning formal algebra. Published literature discussing misconceptions will be presented for four prerequisite concepts, related to symbolic representation: bracket usage, equality, operational symbols, and letter usage. Each section will conclude with research‐based practical applications and suggestions for preventing such misconceptions. The literature discussed in this article makes a case for elementary and middle school teachers to have a deeper and more flexible understanding of the mathematics they teach, so they can recognize how the structure of algebra can and should be exposed while teaching arithmetic.     

Mathematical modelling and the learning trajectory: tools to support the teaching of linear algebra

In this article we present a didactic proposal for teaching linear algebra based on two compatible theoretical models: emergent models and mathematical modelling. This proposal begins with a problematic situation related to the creation and use of secure passwords, which leads students toward the construction of the concepts of spanning set and span. The objective is to evaluate this didactic proposal by determining the level of match between the hypothetical learning trajectory (HLT) designed in this study with the actual learning trajectory in the second experimental cycle of an investigation design-based research more extensive. The results show a high level of match between the trajectories in more than half of the conjectures, which gives evidence that the HLT has supported, in many cases, the achievement of the learning objective, and that additionally mathematical modelling contributes to the construction of these linear algebra concepts.