The Path-Connectivity of s-Elementary Frame Wavelets with Frame MRA

MRA wavelets have been widely studied in recent years due to their applications in signal processing. In order to understand the properties of the various MRA wavelets, it makes sense to study the topological structure of the set of all MRA wavelets. In fact, it has been shown that the set of all MRA wavelets (in any given dimension with a fixed expansive dilation matrix) is path-connected. The current paper concerns a class of functions more general than the MRA wavelets, namely normalized tight frame wavelets with a frame MRA structure. More specifically, it focuses on the parallel question on the topology of the set of all such functions (in the given dimension with a fixed dilation matrix): is this set path-connected? While we are unable to settle this general path-connectivity problem for the set of all frame MRA normalized tight frame wavelets, we show that this holds for a subset of it. An s-elementary frame MRA normalized tight frame wavelets (associated with a given expansive matrix A as its dilation matrix) is a normalized tight frame wavelet whose Fourier transform is of the form $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\chi_{E}$ for some measurable set E?? ^d . In this paper, we show that for any given d×d expansive matrix A, the set of all (A-dilation) s-elementary normalized tight frame wavelets with a frame MRA structure is also path-connected.     

Symmetric orthonormal scaling functions and wavelets with dilation factor 4

It is well known that in the univariate case, up to an integer shift and possible sign change, there is no dyadic compactly supported symmetric orthonormal scaling function except for the Haar function. In this paper we are concerned with the construction of symmetric orthonormal scaling functions with dilation factor d=4. Several examples of such orthonormal scaling functions are provided in this paper. In particular, two examples of C ¹ orthonormal scaling functions, which are symmetric about 0 and 1/6, respectively, are presented. We will then discuss how to construct symmetric wavelets from these scaling functions. We explicitly construct the corresponding orthonormal symmetric wavelets for all the examples given in this paper. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The construction of single wavelets in d-dimensions

Sets K in d-dimensional Euclidean space are constructed with the property that the inverse Fourier transform of the characteristic function 1 _K is a single dyadic orthonormal wavelet. The construction is characterized by its generality in the procedure, by its computational implementation, and by its simplicity. The general case in which the inverse Fourier transforms of the characteristic functions 1K ¹, ..., 1K ^L are a family of orthonormal wavelets is treated in [27].     

Multiwavelet packets and frame packets ofL 2(ℝ d )

The orthonormal basis generated by a wavelet ofL ²(ℝ) has poor frequency localization. To overcome this disadvantage Coifman, Meyer, and Wickerhauser constructed wavelet packets. We extend this concept to the higher dimensions where we consider arbitrary dilation matrices. The resulting basis ofL ²(ℝ ^d ) is called the multiwavelet packet basis. The concept of wavelet frame packet is also generalized to this setting. Further, we show how to construct various orthonormal bases ofL ²(ℝ ^d ) from the multiwavelet packets.     

A general construction of nonseparable multivariate orthonormal wavelet bases

The construction of nonseparable and compactly supported orthonormal wavelet bases of L ²(R ⁿ ); n ≥ 2, is still a challenging and an open research problem. In this paper, we provide a special method for the construction of such wavelet bases. The wavelets constructed by this method are dyadic wavelets. Also, we show that our proposed method can be adapted for an eventual construction of multidimensional orthogonal multiwavelet matrix masks, candidates for generating multidimensional multiwavelet bases.      

Generalized low pass filters and MRA frame wavelets

A tight frame wavelet ψ is an L ²(ℝ) function such that {ψ jk(x)} = {2^j/2 ψ(2 ^j x −k), j, k ∈ ℤ},is a tight frame for L ² (ℝ).We introduce a class of “generalized low pass filters” that allows us to define (and construct) the subclass of MRA tight frame wavelets. This leads us to an associated class of “generalized scaling functions” that are not necessarily obtained from a multiresolution analysis. We study several properties of these classes of “generalized” wavelets, scaling functions and filters (such as their multipliers and their connectivity). We also compare our approach with those recently obtained by other authors.     

Single wavelets in n-dimensions

Under very minimal regularity assumptions, it can be shown that 2ⁿ−1 functions are needed to generate an orthonormal wavelet basis for L²(ℝⁿ). In a recent paper by Dai et al. it is shown, by abstract means, that there exist subsets K of ℝⁿ such that the single function ψ, defined by , is an orthonormal wavelet for L²(ℝⁿ). Here we provide methods for construucting explicit examples of these sets. Moreover, we demonstrate that these wavelets do not behave like their one-dimensional couterparts.     

The construction of multivariate periodic wavelet bi-frames

This paper addresses periodic wavelet bi-frames associated with general expansive matrices. Periodization is an important method to obtain periodic wavelets from wavelets on R^d${\mathbb{R}}^d$. MEP and MOEP provide us with criteria for the construction of wavelet bi-frames on R^d${\mathbb{R}}^d$. Based on periodization techniques, MEP and MOEP, periodic wavelet bi-frames associated with the dyadic matrix have been constructed. However, the problem of constructing periodic wavelet bi-frames associated with general expansive matrices is still open. The geometry of a general expansive matrix is much more complicated than the dyadic matrix. In this paper, with the help of quasi-norms, MEP and MOEP we construct periodic wavelet bi-frames associated with general expansive matrices.     

Frame Wavelets with Compact Supports for L^2（R^n）

The construction of frame wavelets with compact supports is a meaningful problem in wavelet analysis. In particular, it is a hard work to construct the frame wavelets with explicit analytic forms. For a given n × n real expansive matrix A, the frame-sets with respect to A are a family of sets in R^n. Based on the frame-sets, a class of high-dimensional frame wavelets with analytic forms are constructed, which can be non-bandlimited, or even compactly supported. As an application, the construction is illustrated by several examples, in which some new frame wavelets with compact supports are constructed. Moreover, since the main result of this paper is about general dilation matrices, in the examples we present a family of frame wavelets associated with some non-integer dilation matrices that is meaningful in computational geometry.     

The Closure of the Set of Tight Frame Wavelets

We study properties of the closure of the set of tight frame wavelets. We give a necessary condition and a sufficient condition for a function to be in this closure. In particular, we show that the collection of tight frame wavelets is not dense in L ²(? ⁿ ), which answers a question posed by D. Han and D. Larson (Preprint, 2008).     

Functional Gabor frame multipliers

A Gabor frame multiplier is a bounded operator that maps normalized tight Gabor frame generators to normalized tight Gabor frame generators. While characterization of such operators is still unknown, we give a complete characterization for the functional Gabor frame multipliers. We prove that a L^∞ -function h is a functional Gabor frame multiplier (for the time-frequency lattice aℤ × bℤ) if and only if it is unimodular and is a-periodic. Along the same line, we also characterize all the Gabor frame generators g (resp. frame wavelets ψ) for which there is a function ∈ L^∞(ℝ) such that {wg_mn} (resp. ωψ_k,ℝ) is a normalized tight frame.     

The Solution of a Problem of Coifman, Meyer, and?Wickerhauser on Wavelet Packets

Wavelet packets provide an algorithm with many applications in signal processing together with a large class of orthonormal bases of L ²(ℝ), each one corresponding to a different splitting of L ²(ℝ) into a direct sum of its closed subspaces. The definition of wavelet packets is due to the work of Coifman, Meyer, and Wickerhauser, as a generalization of the Walsh system. A question has been posed since then: one asks if a (general) wavelet packet system can be an orthonormal basis for L ²(ℝ) whenever a certain set linked to the system, called the “exceptional set” has zero Lebesgue measure. This answer to this question affects the quality of wavelet packet approximation. In this paper we show that the answer to this question is negative by providing an explicit example. In the proof we make use of the “local trace function” by Dutkay and the generalized shift-invariant system machinery developed by Ron and Shen.     

Compactly supported (bi)orthogonal wavelets generated by interpolatory refinable functions

This paper provides several constructions of compactly supported wavelets generated by interpolatory refinable functions. It was shown in [7] that there is no real compactly supported orthonormal symmetric dyadic refinable function, except the trivial case; and also shown in [10,18] that there is no compactly supported interpolatory orthonormal dyadic refinable function. Hence, for the dyadic dilation case, compactly supported wavelets generated by interpolatory refinable functions have to be biorthogonal wavelets. The key step to construct the biorthogonal wavelets is to construct a compactly supported dual function for a given interpolatory refinable function. We provide two explicit iterative constructions of such dual functions with desired regularity. When the dilation factors are larger than 3, we provide several examples of compactly supported interpolatory orthonormal symmetric refinable functions from a general method. This leads to several examples of orthogonal symmetric (anti‐symmetric) wavelets generated by interpolatory refinable functions. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A unified characterization of reproducing systems generated by a finite family

This article presents a general result from the study of shift-invariant spaces that characterizes tight frame and dual frame generators for shift-invariant subspaces of L²(ℝⁿ). A number of applications of this general result are then obtained, among which are the characterization of tight frames and dual frames for Gabor and wavelet systems.     

Orthonormal Wavelets and Tight Frames with Arbitrary Real Dilations

The objective of this paper is to establish a complete characterization of tight frames, and particularly of orthonormal wavelets, for an arbitrary dilation factor a>1, that are generated by a family of finitely many functions in L²:=L²( ). This is a generalization of the fundamental work of G. Weiss and his colleagues who considered only integer dilations. As an application, we give an example of tight frames generated by one single L² function for an arbitrary dilation a>1 that possess “good” time-frequency localization. As another application, we also show that there does not exist an orthonormal wavelet with good time-frequency localization when the dilation factor a>1 is irrational such that a^j remains irrational for any positive integer j. This answers a question in Daubechies' Ten Lectures book for almost all irrational dilation factors. Other applications include a generalization of the notion of s-elementary wavelets of Dai and Larson to s-elementary wavelet families with arbitrary dilation factors a>1. Generalization to dual frames is also discussed in this paper.     

Directional Wavelet Bases Constructions with Dyadic Quincunx Subsampling

We construct directional wavelet systems that will enable building efficient signal representation schemes with good direction selectivity. In particular, we focus on wavelet bases with dyadic quincunx subsampling. In our previous work (Yin, in: Proceedings of the 2015 international conference on sampling theory and applications (SampTA), 2015), we show that the supports of orthonormal wavelets in our framework are discontinuous in the frequency domain, yet this irregularity constraint can be avoided in frames, even with redundancy factor <2. In this paper, we focus on the extension of orthonormal wavelets to biorthogonal wavelets and show that the same obstruction of regularity as in orthonormal schemes exists in biorthogonal schemes. In addition, we provide a numerical algorithm for biorthogonal wavelets construction where the dual wavelets can be optimized, though at the cost of deteriorating the primal wavelets due to the intrinsic irregularity of biorthogonal schemes.     

Some simple Haar-type wavelets in higher dimensions

An orthonormal wavelet system in ℝ^d, d ∈ ℕ, is a countable collection of functions {ψ _j,k ^ℓ }, j ∈ ℤ, k ∈ ℤ^d, ℓ = 1,..., L, of the form that is an orthonormal basis for L² (ℝ^d), where a ∈ GL_d (ℝ) is an expanding matrix. The first such system to be discovered (almost 100 years ago) is the Haar system for which L = d = 1, ψ¹(x) = ψ(x) = κ[0,1/2)^(x) − κ_[l/2,1) ^(x), a = 2. It is a natural problem to extend these systems to higher dimensions. A simple solution is found by taking appropriate products Φ(x₁, x₂, ..., x_d) = φ₁ (x₁)φ₂(x₂) ... φ_d(x_d) of functions of one variable. The obtained wavelet system is not always convenient for applications. It is desirable to find “nonseparable” examples. One encounters certain difficulties, however, when one tries to construct such MRA wavelet systems. For example, if a = ( _1-1 ^{1 1} ) is the quincunx dilation matrix, it is well-known (see, e.g., [5]) that one can construct nonseparable Haar-type scaling functions which are characteristic functions of rather complicated fractal-like compact sets. In this work we shall construct considerably simpler Haar-type wavelets if we use the ideas arising from “composite dilation” wavelets. These were developed in [7] and involve dilations by matrices that are products of the form a^jb, j ∈ ℤ, where a ∈ GL_d(ℝ) has some “expanding” property and b belongs to a group of matrices in GL_d(ℝ) having |det b| = 1.     

Large classes of minimally supported frequency wavelets of<Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Superscript>2</Superscript>(ℝ) and<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis><Superscript>2</Superscript>(ℝ)

We introduce a new method to construct large classes of minimally supported frequency (MSF) wavelets of the Hardy space H ² (ℝ)and symmetric MSF wavelets of L ² (ℝ),and discuss the classification of such wavelets. As an application, we show that there are uncountably many such wavelet sets of L ² (ℝ)and H ² (ℝ).We also enumerate some of the symmetric wavelet sets of L ² (ℝ)and all wavelet sets of H ² (ℝ)consisting of three intervals. Finally, we construct families of MSF wavelets of L ₂ (ℝ)with Fourier transform even and not vanishing in any neighborhood of the origin.     

Dimension Functions of Orthonormal Wavelets

The article is devoted to dimension functions of orthonormal wavelets on the real line with dyadic dilations. We describe properties of dimension functions and prove several characterization theorems. In addition, we provide a method of construction of dimension functions. Various new examples of dimension functions and orthonormal wavelets are included.     

Crystallographic Haar Wavelets

(Γ,a)-crystallographic multiwavelets are a finite set of functions Y = { yⁱ}_i=1^L\Psi= \{ \psi ^{i}\}_{i=1}^{L}, which generate an orthonormal basis, a Riesz basis or a Parseval frame for L ²(ℝ ^d ), under the action of a crystallographic group Γ, and powers of an appropriate expanding affine map a, taking the place of the translations and dilations in classical wavelets respectively. Associated crystallographic multiresolution analysis of multiplicity n ((Γ,a)-MRA) are defined in a natural way. A complete characterization of scaling function vectors which generates Haar type (Γ,a)-MRA’s in terms of (Γ,a)-multireptiles is given. Examples of (Γ,a)-MRA crystallographic wavelets of Haar type in dimension 2 and 3 are provided.