首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 475 毫秒
1.
本文针对民生工程中旧房加装电梯费用分摊的问题,利用合作对策理论建立了一个模型.为了合理分配全体合作的收益,合作对策理论中必须对对任何一个部分参与者的合作都定义收益.但是在旧房加装电梯工程中,部分参与者的合作是不可能进行的,故无收益可言.为此,本文所建立的模型实际上包含一个虚拟的合作收益函数,使之符合合作分配公理体系,进而可以确定收益的分配,再由此确定费用的分摊比例,所得到的结论近似于按楼梯比例来计算.  相似文献   

2.
2002年,Kar利用有效性、无交叉补贴性、群独立性和等处理性四个公理对最小成本生成树对策上的Shapley值进行了刻画。本文提出了“群有效性”这一公理,利用这一公理和“等处理性”两个公理,给出了最小成本生成树对策上Shapley值的一种新的公理化刻画。最后,运用最小成本生成树对策的Shapley值,对网络服务的费用分摊问题进行了分析。  相似文献   

3.
老旧住宅加装电梯住户间费用分摊补偿研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
协调高低楼层住户利益,制定公平合理的费用分摊补偿比例是破解老旧住宅加装电梯难题的关键.本文基于投票博弈,建立了费用分摊模型和损失补偿模型,给出了老旧住宅加装电梯住户间费用分摊补偿比例的确定方法,并进行实证分析,最终结果表明:在不同投票权数要求下,各楼层住户费用分摊补偿比例有明显差异;在投票权数一定情况下,随着居住楼层的升高,住户的费用分摊比例逐渐上升.因此,结合老旧小区具体情况,合理确定投票权数,对加装电梯项目推进具有重要作用.  相似文献   

4.
对席位分配问题进行再研究,以公平分摊性公理为基础,分别从议员公平性、公民公平性和州公平性的角度出发建立了三个相应的数学模型,它们都可归结为有界整数变量非线性规划模型.给出三个席位分配模型的一个统一算法,算法简单有效.最后给出了模型应用实例.  相似文献   

5.
昂胜  范婷婷  杨锋 《运筹与管理》2022,31(5):93-100
针对两阶段系统固定成本分摊问题,已有研究大多是基于效率不变性或构造满意度指标等提出不同方法,少有考虑固定成本分摊方案的公平性。本文首先通过非自利原则得到系统整体与各阶段的成本分摊上限,针对具有群组式组织结构的两阶段系统,提出新的固定成本分摊模型,所得分摊结果更为公平,最后通过实际算例验证了本文模型的可行性和有效性。  相似文献   

6.
一类半鞅状态的平稳型脉冲随机控制   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
本文提出了一类新的随机控制模型,这类模型不但在费用结构上推广了此前的平稳型脉冲随机控制,而且首次将一类半鞅引入脉冲控制模型的状态结构从而推广了相应的状态过程.通过对一类相当复杂的变分方程问题的研究并利用其有关结论,我们证明了新模型最佳控制的存在性并刻划出其结构.  相似文献   

7.
统计能量分析方法是计算结构高频振动噪声的有效方法之一,内损耗因子和耦合损耗因子是其中重要的参数但不易测量,测量误差通常比较大,导致计算得到的子系统振动能量和真实值之间存在偏差.为解决上述问题,该文采用了4种不同的区间分析方法:区间矩阵摄动法、基于区间变量特性法、仿射算法和仿射逆矩阵法,从理论上计算了统计能量分析子系统的振动能量区间,该区间结果充分考虑了内损耗因子和耦合损耗因子的测量误差对计算结果的影响,对传统的统计能量分析理论进行了完善.然后,通过算例比较了每种方法所求子系统总能量区间的优劣.  相似文献   

8.
研究了具有联盟结构的企业联盟模糊情况下各局中人的收益分配问题.首先拓展了Owen联盟值在经典意义下满足的5个公理,利用Choquet积分给出了基于联盟结构的模糊合作博弈的Owen联盟值,即模糊Owen联盟值的具体形式,并证明该联盟值满足新定义的5个公理.最后用实例验证了模糊Owen联盟值方法,并对计算结果进行分析。  相似文献   

9.
为了从采购费用结构不同的供应商中找到最佳补货策略,考虑一个零售商从两个供应商补货的二供应商经济批量问题.零售商在两个供应商处的采购费用结构分别为复合安装费用和全单位数量折扣费用结构.通过对问题结构性质的分析论证,将问题的可行解转化为一个有向网络,降低问题求解的计算复杂性.综合动态规划和Dijkstra最短路算法证明了该问题是多项式时间可解的.  相似文献   

10.
在目前深入开展对资产阶级学术思想的大批判中,提出了公理方法问题,这的确是一个重要问题.如何评价公理方法在数学中的作用和地位?正确地解决这个问题不仅对数学学科的发展,而且对数学教学的改革具有重要意义.本文的目的是对这个问题提出一些初步的讨论意见.一、公理方法在数学中的作用数学是研究现实世界的空间形式和数量关系的科学.数学知识是从社会实践中来的.人们在实践中得到的数学知识,开始是一些感性材料.这类感性材料积累多了,就需要整理、加工,把它系统化,形成理论系统.公理方法是从数学经验资料的加工、整理和系统化  相似文献   

11.
Allocation of shunt capacitor banks on radial electric power distribution networks allow reduction of energy losses and aggregated benefits. Four decades ago Durán proposed the use of dynamic programming to find optimal capacitor placement on these networks; however, with the restricting assumption of single-ended networks, which precluded its application to real capacitor allocation problems. Subsequently heuristic methods prevailed in the capacitor allocation literature. Here the Extended Dynamic Programming Approach (EDP) lifts Durán’s restricting assumption; a richer definition of state and the projection of multidimensional informations into equivalent one-dimensional representations are the supporting concepts. In addition to allow consideration of multi-ended networks, EDP deals with other requirements of capacitor allocation studies, including the use of both fixed and switched capacitors and representation of voltage drops along the networks. When switched capacitors are considered the optimization procedure also solves the capacitor control problem, obtaining the best tap adjustments for them. Case studies with real scale distribution networks put into perspective the benefits of the methodology; EDP has the appeal of providing global optimal solutions with pseudo-polynomial computational complexity in the worst-case, and with linear complexity for practical applications.  相似文献   

12.
The evolution of international regulation leads to new capital requirements imposed on globally active companies. Financial services firms allocate capital to business lines in order to withstand the materializing credit losses and to measure the performance of various business lines. In this study, we introduce a methodology for optimal credit capital allocation based on operations research approach. In particular, we focus on the efficient allocation of capital to business lines characterized by credit risk losses and cost of capital. We compare different allocation methods and provide a rationale behind using the OR approach. Finally, we formulate a multiobjective optimization model to capital allocation problem and apply it to a real-world case of two financial conglomerates.  相似文献   

13.
In many scientific and practical tasks, the classical concepts for parameter identification are satisfactory and generally applied with success, although many specialized problems necessitate the use of methods created with specifically defined assumptions and conditions. This paper investigates the method of parameter identification for the case where losses resulting from estimation errors can be described in polynomial form with additional asymmetry representing different results of under- and overestimation. Most importantly, the method presented here considers the conditionality of this parameter, which in practice means its significant dependence on other quantities whose values can be obtained metrologically. To solve a problem in this form the Bayes approach was used, allowing a minimum expected value of losses to be achieved. The methodology was based on the nonparametric technique of statistical kernel estimators, which freed the investigated procedure from forms of probability distributions characterizing both the parameter under investigation and conditioning quantities. As a result an algorithm is presented, ready for direct use without further intensive research and calculations.  相似文献   

14.
We use methods of nonequilibrium statistical thermodynamics to investigate two dissipative processes in solids. We find the electron energy losses of a particle moving in a planar channeling regime and the sound absorption coefficient in metals under electron impurity scattering. The oscillator model is used to analyze the contribution from the effect of electron entrainment by a moving scattering center to the total dissipated energy. We investigate the frequency and temperature dependence of energy losses and also the dependence of the absorption coefficient on the sound wave vector.  相似文献   

15.
The power system is a complex interconnected network which can be subdivided into three components: generation, distribution, and transmission. Capacitors of specific sizes are placed in the distribution network so that losses in transmission and distribution is minimum. But the decision of size and position of capacitors in this network is a complex optimization problem. In this paper, Limaçon curve inspired local search strategy (LLS) is proposed and incorporated into spider monkey optimization (SMO) algorithm to deal optimal placement and the sizing problem of capacitors. The proposed strategy is named as Limaçon inspired SMO (LSMO) algorithm. In the proposed local search strategy, the Limaçon curve equation is modified by incorporating the persistence and social learning components of SMO algorithm. The performance of LSMO is tested over 25 benchmark functions. Further, it is applied to solve optimal capacitor placement and sizing problem in IEEE-14, 30 and 33 test bus systems with the proper allocation of 3 and 5-capacitors. The reported results are compared with a network without a capacitor (un-capacitor) and other existing methods.  相似文献   

16.
We study the possibility for international diversification of catastrophe risk by the insurance sector. Adopting the argument that large insurance losses may be a ‘globalizing factor’ for the industry, we study the dependence of geographically distant insurance markets via equity returns. In particular, we employ conditional copula theory to model the bivariate dependence of the insurance industry. In contrast to earlier literature on this subject, we disentangle the causes of dependence stemming from the asset side from those from the liability side by conditioning on general market conditions. We find that for both Europe-America and Europe-Asia the dependence is significant. Moreover, we find asymmetric effects: the international dependence is particularly high for losses, even after conditioning for the asset side dependence. Finally, we investigate the time variation in copula parameters and find evidence that dependence in the insurance sector has increased over time, thus reducing the scope for international diversification of large losses in this sector.  相似文献   

17.
The paper deals with a square composite saddle-shaped cable roof 30 × 30 m in the plan, which is formed by two orthogonal cable groups joined with a compliant support contour. The kinematic invariability of the roof is achieved by prestressing the cable net. From the viewpoint of material consumption, the cable roof has rational geometrical characteristics. A hybrid composite cable on the basis of CFRP, GFRP, and steel is considered as a material for contour cables. The load-carrying and the stabilizing cables are made of steel. Prestress losses in the stabilizing cables are determined for three variants of prestressing. The possibility of reducing the consumption of cable materials by prestressing each cable of the net by an individual force is revealed.  相似文献   

18.
Nasser Yousefi 《Complexity》2016,21(6):299-308
This article presents the design and application of an efficient hybrid heuristic search method to solve the practical economic dispatch problem considering many nonlinear characteristics of power generators, and their operational constraints, such as transmission losses, valve‐point effects, multi‐fuel options, prohibited operating zones, ramp rate limits and spinning reserve. These practical operation constraints which can usually be found at the same time in realistic power system operations make the economic load dispatch (ELD) problem a nonsmooth optimization problem having complex and nonconvex features with heavy equality and inequality constraints. A particle swarm optimization with time varying acceleration coefficients is proposed to determine optimal ELD problem in this paper. The proposed methodology easily takes care of solving nonconvex ELD problems along with different constraints like transmission losses, dynamic operation constraints, and prohibited operating zones. The proposed approach has been implemented on the 3‐machines 6‐bus, IEEE 5‐machines 14‐bus, IEEE 6‐machines 30‐bus systems and 13 thermal units power system. The proposed technique is compared with solve the ELD problem with hybrid approach by using the valve‐point effect. The comparison results prove the capability of the proposed method give significant improvements in the generation cost for the ELD problem. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 299–308, 2016  相似文献   

19.
A risk manager may be faced with the following problem: she/he has obtained loss data collected during a year, but the data only contains the total number of events and the total loss for that year. She/he suspects that there are different sources of risk, each occurring with a different frequency, and wants to identify the frequency with which each type of event occurs and if possible, the individual losses at each risk event.The purpose of this methodological note is to examine a combination of disentangling and decompounding procedures, to get as close as possible to that goal. The disentangling procedure is actually a two step process: First, a preliminary analysis is carried out to determine the number of risks groups present. Once that is decided, the underlying model for the frequency of each type of risk is worked out. After that we use the maxentropic techniques in the decompounding stage to determine the distribution of individual losses that aggregated yield the observed total loss.  相似文献   

20.
We address two related issues. First, we analyze the effects of risk preferences on cooperation in social dilemmas. Second, we compare social dilemmas in which outcomes represent gains with dilemmas where outcomes represent losses. We show that predictions on gain‐loss asymmetries with respect to conditions for cooperation crucially depend on assumptions concerning risk preferences. Under the assumption of risk aversion for gains as well as losses together with an assumption of decreasing absolute risk aversion, conditions for cooperation are less restrictive if outcomes represent losses than if outcomes represent gains. Conversely ‐ and counterintuitively ‐ under the assumption of S‐shaped utility, conditions for cooperation are more restrictive if outcomes represent losses than if outcomes represent gains. We provide an experimental test of such predictions. Only a minority of subjects behaves consistent with the assumption of S‐shaped utility. Furthermore, we find no empirical evidence for a general difference between cooperation in social dilemmas in which outcomes represent gains and dilemmas where outcomes represent losses. We do find evidence that risk preferences affect cooperation rates.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号