树映射的ω-极限集

Let T be a tree and f be a continuous map form T into itself.We show mainly in this paper that a point x of T is an ω-limit point of f if and only if every open neighborhood of x in T contains at least nx 1 points of some trajectory,where nx equals the number of connected components of T/{x}.Then,for any open subset Gω(f) in T,there exists a positive integer m=m(G) such that at most m points of any trajectory lie outside G.This result is a generalization of the related result for maps of the interval.     

Local generalized empirical estimation of regression

Let f(x) be the density of a design variable X and m(x) = E[Y\X = x] the regression function. Then m(x) - G(x)/f(x), where G(x) = m(x)f(x). The Dirac δ-function is used to define a generalized empirical function Gn (x) for G(x) whose expectation equals G(x). This generalized empirical function exists only in the space of Schwartz distributions, so we introduce a local polynomial of order p approximation to Gn(.) which provides estimators of the function G(x) and its derivatives. The density f(x) can be estimated in a similar manner. The resulting local generalized empirical estimator (LGE) of m(x) is exactly the Nadaraya-Watson estimator at interior points when p = 1, but on the boundary the estimator automatically corrects the boundary effect. Asymptotic normality of the estimator is established. Asymptotic expressions for the mean squared errors are obtained and used in bandwidth selection. Boundary behavior of the estimators is investigated in details. We use Monte Carlo simulations to show that the     

NONLINEAR WAVELET SMOOTHING OF ERROR DENSITY IN A SEMIPARAMETRIC REGRESSION MODEL

In this paper,a semlparametrie resresaion model in which errors are i. i. d random variables from an unknown density f( ) is considered. Based on Hall et al. (1995),a nonlinear wavelet estimation of f( ) without restrictions of continuity everywhere on f( ) is given,and the convergence rate of the estimators in L2 is obtained.     

集值离散系统的某些动力性质

A discrete dynamical system can be expressed as xn 1 =f(xn), n=0,1, 2,... where X isa metric space and f : X→X is a continuous map. The study of it tells us how the points in the base space X moved. Nevertheless, this is not enough for the researches of biological species, demography, numerical simulation and attractors (see [1], [2]).     

Topological Anosov Maps of Non-compact Metric Spaces

Let X be a metric space. We say that a continuous surjection f: X→X is a topological Anosov map (abbrev. TA-map) if f is expansive and has pseudo-orbit tracing property with respect to some compatible metric for X. This paper studies the properties of TA-maps of non-compact metric spaces and gives some conditions for the map to be topologically mixing.     

Approximation by semigroup of spherical operators

This paper concerns about the approximation by a class of positive exponential type multiplier operators on the unit sphere Sn of the （n ＋ 1）- dimensional Euclidean space for n ≥2. We prove that such operators form a strongly continuous contraction semigroup of class （l0） and show the equivalence between the approximation errors of these operators and the K-functionals. We also give the saturation order and the saturation class of these operators. As examples, the rth Boolean of the generalized spherical Abel-Poisson operator ＋Vt^γ and the rth Boolean of the generalized spherical Weierstrass operator ＋Wt^k for integer r ≥ 1 and reals γ, k∈ （0, 1] have errors ｜｜＋r Vt^γ- f｜｜X ω^rγ（f, t^1/γ）X and ｜｜＋rWt^kf - f｜｜X ω^2rk（f, t^1/（2k））X for all f ∈ X and 0 ≤t ≤2π, where X is the Banach space of all continuous functions or all L^p integrable functions, 1 ≤p ≤＋∞, on S^n with norm ｜｜·｜｜X, and ω^s（f,t）X is the modulus of smoothness of degree s 〉 0 for f ∈X. Moreover, ＋r^Vt^γ and ＋rWt^k have the same saturation class if γ= 2k.     

The Infinite—dimensional σ—widths of Besov Classes

Let (X(Rd),|.|X) be a normed space of real functions on Rd.Let >0 and Pα be the operator in X(Rd) defined by Pα f(x)=χα(x) f(x) (where χα(x) is thecharacteristic function of the cube Idα=［-α,α］d). Let L be asubspace of X(Rd). Set PαL=Pα f:f∈L. Suppose L islocally-finite dimensional, I.e., dim(Pα L,X)<+∞ for every >0.Then the following quantity is said to be the average dimension of L in X(in the sense of LED)(see ［1］).     

Ritt's theorem and the Heins map in hyperbolic complex manifolds

Let x be a Kobayashi hyperbolic complex manifold, and assume that X does not contain compact complex submanifolds of positive dimension (e.g., X Stein). We shall prove the following generalization of Ritt's theorem: every holomorphic self-map f:X→X such that f(X) is relatively compact in X has a unique fixed point τ(f)∈X, which is attracting. Furthermore, we shall prove that τ(f) depends holomorphically on f in a suitable sense, generalizing results by Heins, Joseph-Kwack and the second author.     

Stability Characterizations of ε-isometries on Certain Banach Spaces

Suppose that X, Y are two real Banach Spaces. We know that for a standard ε-isometry f : X → Y, the weak stability formula holds and by applying the formula we can induce a closed subspace N of *. In this paper, by using again the weak stability formula, we further show a sufficient and necessary condition for a standard ε-isometry to be stable in assuming that N is w*-closed in Y*.Making use of this result, we improve several known results including Figiel's theorem in reflexive spaces.We also prove that if, in addition, the space Y is quasi-reflexive and hereditarily indecomposable, then L(f)≡span[f(X)] contains a complemented linear isometric copy of X; Moreover, if X =Y, then for every e-isometry f: X → X, there exists a surjective linear isometry S:X → X such that f-S is uniformly bounded by 2ε on X.     

Approximately Linear Mappings in Banach Modules over a C^＊-algebra

Let X and Y be vector spaces. The authors show that a mapping f ： X →Y satisfies the functional equation 2d f（∑^2d j=1（-1）^j＋1xj/2d）=∑^2dj=1（-1）^j＋1f（xj） with f（0） = 0 if and only if the mapping f ： X→ Y is Cauchy additive, and prove the stability of the functional equation （≠） in Banach modules over a unital C^＊-algebra, and in Poisson Banach modules over a unital Poisson C＊-algebra. Let A and B be unital C^＊-algebras, Poisson C^＊-algebras or Poisson JC^＊- algebras. As an application, the authors show that every almost homomorphism h ： A →B of A into is a homomorphism when h（（2d-1）^nuy） =- h（（2d-1）^nu）h（y） or h（（2d-1）^nuoy） = h（（2d-1）^nu）oh（y） for all unitaries u ∈A, all y ∈ A, n = 0, 1, 2,.... Moreover, the authors prove the stability of homomorphisms in C^＊-algebras, Poisson C^＊-algebras or Poisson JC^＊-algebras.