On commuting operator exponentials

Let , be bounded operators on a Banach space with -congruence-free spectra such that . E. M. E. Wermuth has shown that . Ch. Schmoeger later established this result, using inner derivations and, in a second paper, has shown that: for in a complex unital Banach algebra, if the spectrum of is -congruence-free and , then (and thus, answering an open problem raised by E. M. E. Wermuth). In this paper we use the holomorphic functional calculus to give alternative simple proofs of both of these results. Moreover, we use the Borel functional calculus to give new proofs of recent results of Ch. Schmoeger concerning normal operator exponentials on a complex Hilbert space, under a weaker hypothesis on the spectra.

     

Discrete spectra of -algebras and complemented submodules in Hilbert -modules

Let be a -algebra and let be a full (right) Hilbert -module. It is shown that if the spectrum of is discrete, then every closed --submodule of is complemented in , and conversely that if is a -space and if every closed --submodule of is complemented in , then is discrete.

     

Extensions of holomorphic maps through hypersurfaces and relations to the Hartogs extensions in infinite dimension

A generalization of Kwack's theorem to the infinite dimensional case is obtained. We consider a holomorphic map from into , where is a hypersurface in a complex Banach manifold and is a hyperbolic Banach space. Under various assumptions on , and we show that can be extended to a holomorphic map from into . Moreover, it is proved that an increasing union of pseudoconvex domains containing no complex lines has the Hartogs extension property.

     

On the best possible character of the norm in some a priori estimates for non-divergence form equations in Carnot groups

Let be a group of Heisenberg type with homogeneous dimension . For every we construct a non-divergence form operator and a non-trivial solution to the Dirichlet problem: in , on . This non-uniqueness result shows the impossibility of controlling the maximum of with an norm of when . Another consequence is the impossiblity of an Alexandrov-Bakelman type estimate such as

where is the dimension of the horizontal layer of the Lie algebra and is the symmetrized horizontal Hessian of .

     

Finer geometric rigidity of limit sets of conformal IFS

We consider infinite conformal iterated function systems in the phase space with . Let be the limit set of such a system. Under a mild technical assumption, which is always satisfied if the system is finite, we prove that either the Hausdorff dimension of exceeds the topological dimension of the closure of or else the closure of is a proper compact subset of either a geometric sphere or an affine subspace of dimension . A similar dichotomy holds for conformal expanding repellers.

     

Number of Sylow subgroups in -solvable groups

If is a finite group and is a prime number, let be the number of Sylow -subgroups of . If is a subgroup of a -solvable group , we prove that divides .

     

Farrell sets for harmonic functions

Let denote a relatively closed subset of the unit ball of . The purpose of this paper is to characterize those sets which have the following property: any harmonic function on which satisfies on (where 0$">) can be locally uniformly approximated on by a sequence of harmonic polynomials which satisfy the same inequality on . This answers a question posed by Stray, who had earlier solved the corresponding problem for holomorphic functions on the unit disc.

     

Eigenvalue estimates for operators on symmetric Banach sequence spaces

Using abstract interpolation theory, we study eigenvalue distribution problems for operators on complex symmetric Banach sequence spaces. More precisely, extending two well-known results due to König on the asymptotic eigenvalue distribution of operators on -spaces, we prove an eigenvalue estimate for Riesz operators on -spaces with , which take values in a -concave symmetric Banach sequence space , as well as a dual version, and show that each operator on a -convex symmetric Banach sequence space , which takes values in a -concave symmetric Banach sequence space , is a Riesz operator with a sequence of eigenvalues that forms a multiplier from into . Examples are presented which among others show that the concavity and convexity assumptions are essential.

     

A characterization of compactly generated metric groups

Recall that a topological group is: (a) -compact if where each is compact, and (b) compactly generated if is algebraically generated by some compact subset of . Compactly generated groups are -compact, but the converse is not true: every countable non-finitely generated discrete group (for example, the group of rational numbers or the free (Abelian) group with a countable infinite set of generators) is a counterexample. We prove that a metric group is compactly generated if and only if is -compact and for every open subgroup of there exists a finite set such that algebraically generates . As a corollary, we obtain that a -compact metric group is compactly generated provided that one of the following conditions holds: (i) has no proper open subgroups, (ii) is dense in some connected group (in particular, if is connected itself), (iii) is totally bounded (= subgroup of a compact group). Our second major result states that a countable metric group is compactly generated if and only if it can be generated by a sequence converging to its identity element (eventually constant sequences are not excluded here). Therefore, a countable metric group can be generated by a (possibly eventually constant) sequence converging to its identity element in each of the cases (i), (ii) and (iii) above. Examples demonstrating that various conditions cannot be omitted or relaxed are constructed. In particular, we exhibit a countable totally bounded group which is not compactly generated.