随机能源Logistic反馈控制系统的分岔研究

建立了非线性随机动力模型—带噪声的能源Logistic反馈控制模型,应用随机平均法对随机动力模型进行了简化,得到了一个二维的扩散过程.二维过程满足Ito型随机微分方程,应用不变测度理论研究了该模型的随机分岔.最后,给出了数值实验验证了相应的结论.     

A new four-dimensional energy resources system and its linear feedback control

This paper reports a new four-dimensional energy resources chaotic system. The system is obtained by adding a new variable to a three-dimensional energy resource demand–supply system established for two regions of China. The dynamics behavior of the system will be analyzed by means of Lyapunov exponents and bifurcation diagrams. Linear feedback control methods are used to suppress chaos to unstable equilibrium or unstable periodic orbits. Numerical simulations are presented to show these results.     

能源供需随机系统的稳定性研究

研究了江苏省西部能源供需随机系统的稳定性.主要是基于一维扩散过程的奇异边界理论,应用摄动方法研究系统的随机分岔行为.研究结果表明随机因素以及参数的选择会使系统发生分岔行为,从而使系统的稳定性发生质的变化.于是,可以通过调节参数降低发生分岔的概率,使系统处于稳定的发展中.     

Fuzzy Dodecahedron topology and E-infinity spacetime as a model for quantum physics

The geometry of classical platonic solids and their generalization to four-dimensional fuzzy polytopes are considered. Subsequently it is shown how the so obtained relationships and the associated symmetry groups are related to high energy particle physics. In particular the topology of a fuzzy Dodecahedron and four-dimensional polytopes are used to give information about the elementary particles content of the standard model of high energy physics.     

Fuzzy Dodecahedron topology and E-infinity spacetime as a model for quantum physics

The geometry of classical platonic solids and their generalization to four-dimensional fuzzy polytopes are considered. Subsequently it is shown how the so obtained relationships and the associated symmetry groups are related to high energy particle physics. In particular the topology of a fuzzy Dodecahedron and four-dimensional polytopes are used to give information about the elementary particles content of the standard model of high energy physics.     

Maxwell–Dirac Equations in Four-Dimensional Minkowski Space

Abstract

I derive the global existence and asymptotic behavior of small amplitude solutions to the system of massive coupled classical Maxwell–Dirac equations in the four-dimensional Minkowski space. Because the physically defined energy of the system is not positive definite, I transform it into an equivalent system of Maxwell–Klein–Gordon equations, which I study with a method based on gauge invariant energy estimates and geometric properties of the equations.     

Adaptive control and synchronization of a four-dimensional energy resources system with unknown parameters

This paper is involved with control and synchronization of a new four-dimensional energy resources system with unknown parameters. Based on the Lyapunov stability theorem, by designed adaptive controllers and parameter update laws, this system is stabilized to unstable equilibrium and synchronizations between two systems with different unknown system parameters are realized Numerical simulations are given for the purpose of illustration and verification.     

Synchronization of a four-dimensional energy resource system via linear control

Synchronization of a four-dimensional energy resource system is investigated. Four linear control schemes are proposed to synchronize energy resource chaotic system via the back-stepping method. We use simpler controllers to realize a global asymptotical synchronization. In the first three schemes, the sufficient conditions for achieving synchronization of two identical energy resource systems using linear feedback control are derived by using Lyapunov stability theorem. In the fourth scheme, the synchronization condition is obtained by numerical method, in which only one state variable controller is contained. Finally, four numerical simulation examples are performed to verify these results.     

我国房地产市场发展问题研究

房地产市场是一个庞大而复杂的系统,它对我国国内生产总值有重要影响,并和百姓生活必需的"住"关系极为紧密.因此,有必要对房地产市场进行深入分析.从当前社会经济发展的现实着手,建立了一系列数学模型,包括房地产市场的供求模型、价格影响模型、房地产行业与国民经济相关行业关联度模型和房地产行业泡沫度量模型.并运用可获得的经济数据对以上模型进行了实证分析,旨在研究如何促使房地产市场健康稳定地持续发展,同时为国家制定房地产的相关政策提供一定的理论参考.     

Chaos control of 4D chaotic systems using recursive backstepping nonlinear controller

This paper examines chaos control of two four-dimensional chaotic systems, namely: the Lorenz–Stenflo (LS) system that models low-frequency short-wavelength gravity waves and a new four-dimensional chaotic system (Qi systems), containing three cross products. The control analysis is based on recursive backstepping design technique and it is shown to be effective for the 4D systems considered. Numerical simulations are also presented.     

A minimal design of order 11 on the 3-sphere

We prove that the 120 vertices of the regular four-dimensional polyhedron with the Schläfli symbol {3, 3, 5} form a minimal spheric design of order 11 onS ³. It is shown that the system of equal charges at these vertices provides the minimal potential energy among all systems of 120 equal charges onS ³.     

Modeling of a Hamiltonian conservative chaotic system and its mechanism routes from periodic to quasiperiodic,chaos and strong chaos

In this paper, the important role of 3D Euler equation playing in forced-dissipative chaotic systems is reviewed. In mathematics, rigid-body dynamics, the structure of symplectic manifold, and fluid dynamics, building a four-dimensional (4D) Euler equation is essential. A 4D Euler equation is proposed by combining two generalized Euler equations of 3D rigid bodies with two common axes. In chaos-based secure communications, generating a Hamiltonian conservative chaotic system is significant for its advantage over the dissipative chaotic system in terms of ergodicity, distribution of probability, and fractional dimensions. Based on the proposed 4D Euler equation, a 4D Hamiltonian chaotic system is proposed. Through proof, only center and saddle equilibrium lines exist, hence it is not possible to produce asymptotical attractor generated from the proposed conservative system. An analytic form of Casimir power demonstrates that the breaking of Casimir energy conservation is the key factor that the system produces the aperiodic orbits: quasiperiodic orbit and chaos. The system has strong pseudo-randomness with a large positive Lyapunov exponent (more than 10 K), and a large state amplitude and energy. The bandwidth for the power spectral density of the system is 500 times that of both existing dissipative and conservative systems. The mechanism routes from quasiperiodic orbits to chaos is studied using the Hamiltonian energy bifurcation and Poincaré map. A circuit is implemented to verify the existence of the conservative chaos.     

Passive and impulsive synchronization of a new four-dimensional chaotic system

This paper studies the synchronization problem for a new chaotic four-dimensional system presented by Qi et al. Two different methods, the passive control method and the impulsive control method, are used to control the synchronization of the four-dimensional chaotic system. Numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the two different methods.     

Tetrad-Gauge Theory of Gravity

We present a tetrad–gauge theory of gravity based on the local Lorentz group in a four-dimensional Riemann–Cartan space–time. Using the tetrad formalism allows avoiding problems connected with the noncompactness of the group and includes the possibility of choosing the local inertial reference frame arbitrarily at any point in the space–time. The initial quantities of the theory are the tetrad and gauge fields in terms of which we express the metric, connection, torsion, and curvature tensor. The gauge fields of the theory are coupled only to the gravitational field described by the tetrad fields. The equations in the theory can be solved both for a many-body system like the Solar System and in the general case of a static centrally symmetric field. The metric thus found coincides with the metric obtained in general relativity using the same approximations, but the interpretation of gravity is quite different. Here, the space–time torsion is responsible for gravity, and there is no curvature because the curvature tensor is a linear combination of the gauge field tensors, which are absent in the case of pure gravity. The gauge fields of the theory, which (together with the tetrad fields) define the structure of space–time, are not directly coupled to ordinary matter and can be interpreted as the fields describing dark energy and dark matter.     

Hyperbolic Harmonic Function in Minkowski Space

The paper discusses the properties of four-dimensional Minkowski space by using Clifford algebra, then gives the concept of hyperbolic harmonic function by constructing a system (P₄) in the four-dimensional Minkowski space, and obtains several properties and a sufficient and necessary condition for the solvability of the system (P₄) .     

On the decomposition of the Feynman propagator

The Feynman propagator, in momentum representation, is a four-dimensional transform over space and time variables. If the space and time integrations are performed separately, the propagator can be decomposed into two parts, one corresponding to positive and the other to negative energy intermediate state. By the use of this decomposed propagator, the relative contributions of the positive and negative energy intermediate states to the matrix element can be estimated. For example in Compton scattering it leads to the apparently paradoxical result that in the “nonrelativistic approximation” it is only the negative energy intermediate state that contributes to the matrix element.     

EXISTENCE AND STABILITY OF PERIODIC ORBITS FOR A PERTURBED FOUR-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEM

The purpose of this paper is to study periodic orbits of a perturbed four- dimensional system.Using bifurcation methods and the integral manifold theory,sufficient conditions for the existence and stability of periodic orbits of the perturbed four-dimensional system are obtained.     

Three-dimensional dynamical systems with four-dimensional Vessiot-Guldberg-Lie algebras

Dynamical systems attract much attention due to their wide applications. Many significant results have been obtained in this field from various points of view. The present paper is devoted to an algebraic method of integration of three-dimensional nonlinear time dependent dynamical systems admitting nonlinear superposition with four-dimensional Vessiot-Guldberg-Lie algebras $L_4.$ The invariance of the relation between a dynamical system admitting nonlinear superposition and its Vessiot-Guldberg-Lie algebra is the core of the integration method. It allows to simplify the dynamical systems in question by reducing them to \textit{standard forms}. We reduce the three-dimensional dynamical systems with four-dimensional Vessiot-Guldberg-Lie algebras to 98 standard types and show that 86 of them are integrable by quadratures.     

Hilbert cube model for fractal spacetime

A three-dimensional Hilbert cube has exactly three dimensions. It can mimic our spatial world on an ordinary observation scale. A four-dimensional Hilbert cube is equivalent to Elnaschie Cantorian spacetime. A very small distance in a very high observable resolution is equivalent to a very high energy spacetime which is inherently Cantorian, non-differentiable and discontinuous. This article concludes that spacetime is a fractal and hierarchical in nature. The spacetime could be modeled by a four-dimensional Hilbert cube. Gravity and electromagnetism are at different levels of the hierarchy. Starting from a simple picture of a four-dimensional cube, a series of higher dimensional polytops can be constructed in a self-similar manner. The resulting structure will resemble a Cantorian spacetime of which the expectation of the Hausdorff dimension equals to 4.23606799 provided that the number of hierarchical iterations is taken to infinity. In this connection, we note that Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle comes into play when we take measurement at different levels of the hierarchy.     

Exact solutions of the equations of two-phase dynamics. Collapse of gas and particles in space

Under consideration is the system of partial differential equations describing the dynamics of a two-phase medium. Exact partially invariant solutions of rank 1 and defect 1 of this system are obtained with respect to some four-dimensional subalgebras. The phenomenon of collapse (an instantaneous source) in a two-phase medium is described.