有价与自主回收下废弃食品回收处理决策分析

针对废弃食品回收处理不足导致食品安全问题日益严重的现状,在回收处理商有价回收和零售商自主回收这两种情况下分别构建了废弃食品回收处理问题中零售商、回收处理商与政府部门之间的博弈模型.对均衡解的分析表明,无论回收处理商与政府部门是相互独立还是合作的,当回收处理商有价回收废弃食品时,若政府部门提供的单位补贴较高,对应的零售商回收废弃食品安全意识也较高,相应的回收服务水平却较低,废弃食品回收价格较高,而废弃食品回收量却较少;当零售商自主回收废弃食品时,零售商的回收废弃食品安全意识、回收处理商的回收服务水平与回收量均为零,对应的利润值都为零.     

激励生产商参与回收废弃家电及电子产品的二层规划模型

采用二层规划研究激励生产商参与回收废弃家电及电子产品的机制。设计了激励机制:政府根据生产商当年回收且正确处理量与当年家电及电子产品废弃量的差额稽征处理基金;当年回收且正确处理量达不到当年废弃量的一定比例时,根据差额征收惩罚费用。建立二层规划模型,上层决策者为政府,追求社会福利最大化,其决策变量是:单位废弃家电及电子产品被征收的处理基金;下层决策者为生产商,追求自身收益最大化,其决策变量是:当年回收且得到正确处理的废弃家电及电子产品数量。采用库恩—塔克条件求解,最后以青岛市为例给出算例。     

回收竞争的逆向供应链回收渠道的演化博弈分析

为了提高逆向供应链的运作效率,在两个回收商回收价格竞争的逆向供应链的市场结构下,应用演化博弈对逆向供应链回收渠道的决策进行了分析。文章首先描述了两条逆向供应链中处理商对不同回收渠道的选择,分析了两条逆向供应链上的处理商分别采取DD模式、DI模式、ID模式和II模式下逆向供应链的各成员的定价策略;然后运用演化博弈理论在市场机制下和政府参与回收补贴下对逆向供应链的回收渠道决策进行了分析;最后通过数值仿真了逆向供应链回收渠道系统的演化过程。研究结果表明:两条逆向供应链上的处理商都选择直接回收方式时的回收量最大和回收价格最高;回收市场的竞争程度影响回收渠道的演化结果;政府参与回收补贴可以促使处理商选择直接的回收方式的演化稳定策略,有利于整个社会系统。     

多种主导模式下的动力电池闭环供应链研究

根据动力电池回收的特殊性,构建回收基金政策下由制造商、销售商和拆解商构成的动力电池闭环供应链系统.对比分析了五种主导模式下的最优定价、回收量和收益问题.研究表明:闭环供应链中成员的收益与渠道权力正相关,拆解商的收益不受正向渠道主导模式的影响;集中决策时系统收益和回收量最大,销售商主导正向渠道制造商主导逆向渠道时系统收益和回收量最小;制造商和销售商的收益与回收基金负相关、与补贴额度正相关,但回收基金对制造商收益的影响是双向的.     

回收率依赖价格的再制造EPQ模型研究

研究了考虑回收率依赖于回收品价格,并带有废弃处理的制造和再制造混合系统的(1,R)和(M,1)EPQ模型.在模型中,采用新产品的制造和回收产品的再制造两种方式来满足客户的需要,回收产品部分用于再制造,其余作为废弃处理;总平均成本包括与回收产品、可销售产品有关的库存持有成本,与制造和再制造有关的生产成本和固定成本,与回收品及制造所需原材料的采购成本以及废弃处理成本.模型给出最优生产策略及总平均成本的表达式.算例验证了所建模型的计算方法,并分析了新引人决策变量p(回收产品单价占制造新产品所需原料价格的比例对总平均成本的变化率的影响.     

回收商资金约束的电商闭环供应链融资策略研究

为解决电商闭环供应链中回收商的资金约束问题,运用博弈论分别构建了回收商无资金约束的基准模型、资金约束回收商向制造商及电商平台融资的决策模型,分别得到电商闭环供应链的最优回收与定价决策,探讨了制造商与电商平台的融资条件及回收商的融资策略.研究表明:制造商提供融资与否取决于单位再制造获利与自身借款利率水平,只有转移价格高于一定阈值,即单位再制造获利较低时,制造商才会考虑向回收商提供融资,且单位转移价格的高低与回收商的资金状况及融资对象相关,相比于其他情形,制造商提供融资时往往会支付更高的转移价格;无论制造商是否向回收商提供融资,电商平台总能从中获益,且始终倾向于为回收商提供融资;回收商的融资策略取决于制造商与电商平台融资的利率差,利率差较小时向制造商融资,反之则向电商平台融资;若制造商与电商平台要求的利率相同,制造商融资模式下的平台佣金、回收率更高,产品的销售价格更低,产生的社会效益及经济效益更大.     

政府规制下的第三方废旧手机回收演化博弈分析

为研究废旧手机回收的政府决策问题,构建政府与第三方回收商行为决策的演化博弈模型,并对模型的稳定性进行了分析,在此基础上研究了政府对第三方回收商回收行为的动态惩罚和补偿策略,分析了政府与第三方回收商回收策略的互动机制.结果表明:政府对第三方回收商回收行为选择的相对应的回收策略的奖惩程度、第三方回收商选择的回收策略的成本与收益均直接影响演化博弈结果;当政府对第三方回收商选择相对应的动态惩罚或补偿策略时,演化博弈存在稳定Nash均衡点.     

多回收商闭环供应链上政府再制造补贴的内生化

政府给予制造商用于废旧电器电子产品回收处理的财政补贴将鼓励制造商的回收再制造活动.将政府也作为一个决策主体,建立了以政府为领导者,制造商和回收商为跟随者的回收再制造过程的主从博弈.其中假定制造商对回收商回收努力采用最优激励契约方式.针对两种不同的产业组织结构建立和求解了这个动态博弈.通过对均衡结果的边际分析讨论了政府决策如何影响制造商和回收商之间的激励契约,以及政府、制造商和回收商的决策在不同产业组织结构的绩效.     

具强零售商和广告影响的闭环供应链模型

构建了一个具强零售商和广告影响的闭环供应链博弈模型.首先在集中决策和分散决策两种决策模式下,分别探讨了闭环供应链的定价,广告投入和回收率决策,并分析了广告效应对节点企业各决策变量和利润的影响,以及对比了强零售商下不同回收渠道的优劣.其次,考察了通道费契约对具强零售商的闭环供应链的协调作用.主要结论为: 1)与无广告效应...     

消费者、政府与双寡头电子废弃物回收商的最优决策

在回收商可以自主选择电子废弃物回收处理的环保程度的基础上,分别研究消费者与回收商、政府与回收商的两个双阶段动态博弈模型,得到了回收商的最优环保处理系数、消费者最优环保意识以及政府的最优补贴,并分析了参数变化对各方最优策略的影响.     

On exact and inexact differentials and applications

Considering the important role played by mathematical derivatives in the study of physical–chemical processes, this paper discusses the different possibilities and formulations of this concept and its application. In particular, in Chemical Thermodynamics, we study exact differentials associated with the so-called state functions and inexact differentials associated with path functions. As an application, we discuss the equation of state associated with a gas.     

Diversity and Popularity in Organizations and Communities

This paper examines social groupings whose structure depends only on the distribution of ability to attract attention. When people‘s attention is a scarce resource, those individuals who are rated highest by a large number of other individuals will have to ration their attention, resulting in constraints on the social structure of the group. The incidence of popular individuals by that definition reflects the extent to which individuals agree on who their highest-rated colleague is. We propose three basic distributions or ways to generate the matrix of perceived ability so as to yield popularity profiles that can be parametrically adjusted to match observations. We demonstrate that each of these assumption sets leads to a slightly different correlation between the value of the assumption‘s parameter and the set of observable popularity patterns. Since popularity, in real life, often determines such things as power, centrality, over-utilization and perhaps reduced accessibility, having more realistic ways of representing it is important for modeling and understanding virtual organizations and communities.     

Singular quasilinear and Hessian equations and inequalities

We solve the existence problem in the renormalized, or viscosity sense, and obtain global pointwise estimates of solutions for quasilinear and Hessian equations with measure coefficients and data, including the following model problems:

     

Proper and Unit Trapezoid Orders and Graphs

We show that the class of trapezoid orders in which no trapezoid strictly contains any other trapezoid strictly contains the class of trapezoid orders in which every trapezoid can be drawn with unit area. This is different from the case of interval orders, where the class of proper interval orders is exactly the same as the class of unit interval orders.     

Vertex- and edge-minimal and locally minimal graphs

Given a family of graphs , a graph is called edge-minimal (vertex-minimal) if for every subgraph (induced subgraph) G^′ of G; furthermore, G is called locally edge-minimal (locally vertex-minimal) if whenever G^′ is obtained from G by deleting an edge (a vertex). Similarly, the concepts of minimality and local minimality are introduced for directed graphs (digraphs) and, more generally, for partially ordered sets.For example, by the Strong Perfect Graph Theorem, the only vertex-minimal graphs with χ>ω are odd holes and anti-holes. In contrast, the only locally vertex-minimal graphs with χ>ω are partitionable graphs. Somewhat surprisingly, there are infinitely many non-trivial perfect graphs that are locally edge-minimal and -maximal simultaneously. In other words, such a graph is perfect but it becomes imperfect after any edge is deleted from or added to it.In this paper we consider vertex- and edge-minimal and locally minimal graphs in the following families: (i) perfect and imperfect graphs, (ii) graphs with χ=ω and with χ>ω, (iii) digraphs that have a kernel and kernel-free digraphs, and finally, (iv) vertex-minimal complementary connected d-graphs.     

Navier and Stokes meet Poincare and Dulac

This paper surveys various precise (long-time) asymptotic results for the solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations with potential forces in bounded domains. It turns out that the asymptotic expansion leads surprisingly to a kind of Poincare-Dulac normal form of the Navier-Stokes equations. We will also discuss some related results and a few open issues.     

Crossings and nestings of matchings and partitions

We present results on the enumeration of crossings and nestings for matchings and set partitions. Using a bijection between partitions and vacillating tableaux, we show that if we fix the sets of minimal block elements and maximal block elements, the crossing number and the nesting number of partitions have a symmetric joint distribution. It follows that the crossing numbers and the nesting numbers are distributed symmetrically over all partitions of , as well as over all matchings on . As a corollary, the number of -noncrossing partitions is equal to the number of -nonnesting partitions. The same is also true for matchings. An application is given to the enumeration of matchings with no -crossing (or with no -nesting).

     

Lebesgue测度等测包及其应用

利用Lebesgue测度的等测内核和等测外包讨论内外测度的一系列性质,给出外测度有限可加的一个充要条件,该条件改进了原有外测度有限可加性相关问题的结果.     

Dual and triple equations and q-orthogonal polynomials

In this paper, we solve dual and triple sequences involving q-orthogonal polynomials. We also introduce and solve a system of dual series equations when the kernel is the q-Laguerre polynomials. Examples are included.     

E—matrices and Several Necessary and Sufficient Conditions

AER-x.,Aiscalledanonnegative(nonPositive)matrixifau>O(a,jO(aiirtO),markedA>O(AO(i#j),auO,wecallp(A)=max{IA,l,lA,l'.-.,lAnl},(whereA,,A2,..',A"areeigenva1ueofA)asspectralradiusofA.LemmalIfAe7'.,thenareanonnegativesquarematrxBandapositivenumberksuchthatA=B-kI(whereIistheidentitymatrixofordern).ProofLetbti=…