A characterization of multivariate quasi-interpolation formulas and its applications

Summary Let be a compactly supported function on ^s andS () the linear space withgenerator ; that is,S () is the linear span of the multiinteger translates of . It is well known that corresponding to a generator there are infinitely many quasi-interpolation formulas. A characterization of these formulas is presented which allows for their direct calculation in a variety of forms suitable to particular applications, and in addition, provides a clear formulation of the difficult problem of minimally supported quasi-interpolants. We introduce a generalization of interpolation called -interpolation and a notion of higher order quasi-interpolation called -approximation. A characterization of -approximants similar to that of quasi-interpolants is obtained with similar applications. Among these applications are estimating least-squares approximants without matrix inversion, surface fitting to incomplete or semi-scattered discrete data, and constructing generators with one-point quasi-interpolation formulas. It will be seen that the exact values of the generator at the multi-integers ^s facilitates the above study. An algorithm to yield this information for box splines is discussed.Supported by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Army Research Office     

Theorem on a convergence condition in the spaces

For a given -function (u), a condition on a -function (u) is found such that it is necessary and sufficient for the following to hold: if f_n(x) f(x) and f _n (x)M (n=1, 2, ...) where M>0 is an absolute constant, then f _n (x)–f(x)0(n). An analogous condition for convergence in Orlicz spaces is obtained as a corollary.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 615–626, May, 1977.The author thanks V. A. Skvortsov for his constant attention and guidance on this paper.     

On Interpolation of the Fourier Maximal Operator in Orlicz Spaces

Let and be positive increasing convex functions defined on [0, ). Suppose satisfies the 2-condition, that is, (t)2 (C1t) for sufficiently large t, and has some nice properties. If -1(u)log(u+1) C2-1(u) for sufficiently large uthen we have S*(f) L CfL for all f L ([-, ])where S*(f) is the majorant function of partial sums of trigonometric Fourier series and fL is the Orlicz norm of f. This result is sharp.     

Spontaneous Generation of Effective Interaction in a Renormalizable Quantum Field Theory Model

We consider the theory of a massless scalar field with the g³ coupling in a six-dimensional space. We use Bogoliubov's method of quasiaverages to study the possibility of a breaking of the original scaling symmetry and of the corresponding spontaneous generation of the effective G⁴ coupling. We show that the linearized compensation equation for the form factor of this coupling has a nontrivial solution through the third-order approximation. In the same approximation, the Bethe–Salpeter equation for a massless scalar bound state of two fields also has a solution. Matching the values of the form factor and the scalar field mass m at zero leads to a unique solution that gives a relation between the parameters of the g³ coupling and the parameters G and m. We argue in favor of the stability of the nontrivial solution obtained.     

Dilation-analytic wave operators for three particles

Let H(0) be a dilation-analytic three-particle Schrödinger operator with analytic continuation H() (>0). Let a be zero or the energy of a two-particle bound state. Let- (a) be the Laplace operator representing the kinetic energy of the relative motion of fragments scattered in channel a. By recent results, wave operators W (±, a, ) with conjugates W (±, a, ) exist such that W (±, a, ) W (±, a, ) is a projection P (a, ) commuting with H () while [H ()-a]W (±, a, ) equals-W(±, a, ) (a) e²ⁱ. This paper shows that the wave operators transform dilation-analytic functions of particle coordinates into dilation-analytic functions. Specifically, if the left shoulder of the spectrum of P (a,) H () does not sweep across eigenvalues of H() when , then W(-, a, ) and W (+, a, ) are dilation analytic in [, ]. If the right shoulder does not sweep across eigenvalues, W(+, a, ) and W(-, a, ) are dilation analytic in [,]. A semisimple eigenvalue of H () embedded in the spectrum of P (a, ) H () does not prevent the wave operators from being dilation analytic in an interval [, ] with as an interior point.This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant DMS-8301096.     

Generalization of the theorem of Marcinkiewicz on entire characteristic functions of probability distributions

The relation is studied between the distribution of the zeros and the order of growth of entire analytic functions for which ¦p(z)¦ (i Imz) for Imz 0, in particular, of entire characteristic functions of probability distributions. The main result is the following: if ₁ is the exponent of convergence of the sequence of zeros of such a function of order which lie in a half plane Imz d > 0, then the inequality ₁ < implies the inequality p 3. This estimate is precise.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 85, pp. 94–103, 1979.The author is grateful to I. V. Ostrovskii for posing the problem and for his constant assistance with the work.     

High order approximation of implicitly defined maps

Summary Approximations for the function implicitly defined by (u)=(u, (u)) are obtained via the iterative scheme _n(u)=(u, _n–1(u)). In this paper the uniform convergence of high order derivatives of _n to the corresponding derivatives of is proved. This result yields a high order approximation theorem for the input-output map generated by a nonlinear control system, using linear combinations of iterated integrals of the control.Lavoro eseguito nell'ambito del G.N.A.F.A. del C.N.R.     

Isomorphismen von rechtseiträumen

Spaces called rectangular spaces were introduced in [5] as incidence spaces (P,G) whose set of linesG is equipped with an equivalence relation and whose set of point pairs P² is equipped with a congruence relation , such that a number of compatibility conditions are satisfied. In this paper we consider isomorphisms, automorphisms, and motions on the rectangular spaces treated in [5]. By an isomorphism of two rectangular spaces (P,G, , ) and (P,G, , ) we mean a bijection of the point setP onto P which maps parallel lines onto parallel lines and congruent points onto congruent points. In the following, we consider only rectangular spaces of characteristic 2 or of dimension two. According to [5] these spaces can be embedded into euclidean spaces. In case (P,G, , ) is a finite dimensional rectangular space, then every congruence preserving bijection ofP onto P is in fact an isomorphism from (P,G, , ) onto (P,G, , ) (see (2.4)). We then concern ourselves with the extension of isomorphisms. Our most important result is the theorem which states that any isomorphism of two rectangular spaces can be uniquely extended to an isomorphism of the associated euclidean spaces (see (3.2)). As a consequence the automorphisms of a rectangular space (P,G, , ) are precisely the restrictions (onP) of the automorphisms of the associated euclidean space which fixP as a whole (see (3.3)). Finally we consider the motions of a rectangular space (P,G, , ). By a motion of(P. G,, ) we mean a bijection ofP which maps lines onto lines, preserves parallelism and satisfies the condition((x), (y)) (x,y) for allx, y P. We show that every motion of a rectangular space can be extended to a motion of the associated euclidean space (see (4.2)). Thus the motions of a rectangular space (P,G, , ) are seen to be the restrictions of the motions of the associated euclidean space which mapP into itself (see (4.3)). This yields an explicit representation of the motions of any rectangular plane (see (4.4)).

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Herrn Professor Burau zum 85. Geburtstag gewidmet     

Eine Charakterisierung unendlich oft teilbarer Verteilungen auf [0, ∞)

A function : [0, )(-,0] is the logarithm of the Laplace transform of an infinitely divisible probability measure on [0,) if and only if (0)=0, is continuous and conditionally positiv semi-definite.     

On the Existence and Regularity of Mass-Minimizing Currents with an Elastic Boundary

We study the following variational problem. For a compact manifold S₀ embedded in the Euclidean space we consider deformations of S₀. They are represented by Lipschitz continuous homeomorphisms of S₀ whose images are embedded manifolds. We introduce an energy of a deformation which depends on the first derivative of the curvature of (S₀) and the mass of a mass minimizing current which is bounded by (S₀). In this paper it is shown that an energy minimizing deformation of (S₀) exists. Moreover, in the case that S₀ has codimension 1, (S₀) is an embedded C^3a -submanifold, if is of the class C^2,1.     

A constructive approach to the quantum (cosh ϕ)2 model. I. The method of the Gel'fand-Levitan-Marchenko equations

In a Hubert , with the aid of the postulated Gel'fand-Levitan-Marchenko quantum equations, one introduces the fields ₁(x) and ₂(x), which are the quantum analogues of the classical fields cosh (x) and sinh (x) in the sinh-Gordon model. It is shown that the fields _j(x) satisfy the Wightman axioms, including the invariance relative to reflections of space-time and mutual local commutativity. In addition, one proves the asymptotic completeness of the theory and one computes explicitly the scattering operator. In the developed approach, no cut-offs are used and, therefore, there are no renormalization effects.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 146, pp. 147–190, 1985.     

Wave operators and similarity of certain non-normal one-parameter groups

This paper starts from a self-adjoint Schrödinger operator H(0) for three particles. If the interaction is dilation-analytic, H(0) has an analytic continuation H() (>0). G(t,) (–(±,a,) defined as strong limits, when t±, of t-dependent operators. The wave operators establish transformations under which the subgroups are similar to unitary groups. The scattering matrix determined by G(t,) is diagonal with respect to a.This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant DMS-8301096.     

C 1 changes of variable: Beurling-Helson type theorem and Hörmander conjecture on Fourier multipliers

We prove that if aC ¹ smooth change of variable : generates a bounded composition operatorff° in the spaceA _p()=L ^p ,p2, then is linear (affine).We also prove that for a nonlinearC ¹ mapping , the norms of exponentialse ⁱ as Fourier multipliers inL ^p () tend to infinity (,||). In both results the condition C ¹ is sharp, it cannot be replaced by the Lipschitz condition.     

A representation of symmetric functions in Carleman-Gevrey spaces

For a symmetric function t(x)(x^d) one investigates the representation, where _j(x) is the elementary symmetric polynomial of degree j. Let be the closure of the domain in ^d, let be a numerical sequence such that (n) does not decrease, let be the Carleman-Gevrey space, i.e. the collection of functions (n+1)/(n) such that for any bounded subdomain there exists a constant tC() with which one has the inequality _x t(x)H⁺¹!() (x*#x03A9;'). Let S be the image of ^d under the mapping x(₁(x), ..., _d(x)). One proves the following theorem: For any tk(^d) there exists such that, if and only if (n)(nd)ⁿ⁺¹, where is some positive number, independent of n.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 149, pp. 116–126, 1986.     

Commutative Jacobi fields in Fock space

A jacobi field is understood to be a family (Ã()) of commuting selfadjoint operatorsÃ() acting in a Fock space, having a Jacobi structure, and depending linearly on the test functions . In this article, we give a spectral representation of such a family and outline its applications to the theory of distributions on an infinite dimensional space.This article is dedicated to the memory of my dear teacher Mark G. KreinThe work is partially supported by Fundamental Research Foundation of Ukraine, grant 1.4/62.     

Regularization of the boundary-value problem for Sturm-Liouville equations with operator-valued coefficients

A regularization method is used to find an approximate solution to the inhomogeneous boundary-value problem –y(t)+Ay(t)=y(t)+h(t), t [0, b], cos CY–sin CY= where A is a self- adjoint unbounded operator on a Hilbert space H; C is an operator on H H; H H; h(t) L ₂ (H, (0, b)); Y, Y are regularizing boundary values of y (t).Translated fromVychislitel'naya i Prikladnaya Matematika, No. 69, pp. 23–28, 1989.     

Bounded projections and duality on spaces of holomorphic functions in the unit ball ofℂ n

In this paper three Banach spacesA ₀(),A andA ¹() of functions holomorphic in the unit ballB of ⁿ are defined. We exhibit bounded projections fromC ₀(B) ontoA ₀(), fromL ¹(B) ontoA ¹(), and fromL(B) ontoA(). Using these projections, we show thatA ₀()* A ¹() andA ¹()* A().Supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

The integrability of conjugate functions

For any functionf of L(0, 2), we prove that there is a function L(0, 2) such that ¦(x)¦ = ¦f(x)¦ almost everywhere and L(0, 2), where is the conjugate of.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 461–465, October, 1968.     

Lévy homeomorphic parametrization and exponential families

Summary Let P={P : } be an exponential family of probability distributions with the canonical parameter and consider the one to one mapping : P . It is shown that, under mild regularity assumptions, and ^–1 are continuous with respect to the Lévy metric in P and Euclidean metric in .     

Inclusion statements for operator equations by a continuity principle

The paper is concerned with Range-Domain Implications MvCvK, where M is a given operator and C,K denote given sets. Sufficient conditions are derived by a very general continuity principle. Various special cases are considered such as inverse-positivity, MvMwvw, and a generalization H(,[,])MvH(,[,]) v, where Mu=H(u,u) and [,] denotes an order interval. These results are applied to differential operators related to boundary or initial value problems. The goal is to furnish a simple uniform approach, to explain its application, and to provide a kind of survey on what problems have been treated in this way.