一端固支一端简支变厚度梁的弹性力学解

研究了一端固支另一端简支连续变厚度梁在静力荷载作用下的应力和位移分布.通过引入单位脉冲函数和Dirae函数,将固支边等效为简支边与未知水平反力的叠加,利用平面应力问题的基本方程,导出满足控制微分方程及左右两端边界条件的位移函数的一般解,对上下表面的边界方程作Fourier级数展开,结合固支边位移为O的条件确定待定系数,得到的解是高精度的.数值结果与商业有限元软件ANSYS进行了比较,显示出很好的精度.     

薄板弯曲自由振动问题的高精度近似解析解及改进研究

对于薄板弯曲自由振动问题,已有如下方法:在Hamilton(哈密顿)体系下基于分离变量法得到挠度的解析形式,并建立自振频率联立方程组,给出求解振动频率和振型函数的方法.笔者指出该方法中所用挠度函数的解析式实际上是一种满足位移边界条件的高精度近似解,基于Rayleigh-Ritz(瑞利-里茨)法再次求近似频率后发现,原方法的近似解的精度很高.另外,对于含有固支、简支等不同的边界形式,恰当地选取不同位置作为坐标系的原点,得到含有频率的方程组的统一形式,且较为简洁.这些形式可基于四边固支、四边简支等边界条件的矩形板研究,依照板变形的对称性可验证频率方程组形式的正确性,并得到不同边界条件下频率方程形式之间的联系与转化.     

正交异性双材料的Ⅱ型界面裂纹尖端场

通过引入含16个待定实系数和两个实应力奇异指数的应力函数,再借助边界条件,得到了两个八元非齐次线性方程组.求解该方程组,在双材料工程参数满足适当条件下,确定了两个实应力奇异指数.根据极限唯一性定理,求出了全部系数,得到了应力函数的表示式.代入相应的力学公式,推出了当特征方程组两个判别式都小于0时,每种材料的裂纹尖端应力强度因子、应力场和位移场的理论解.裂纹尖端附近的应力和位移有混合型断裂特征,但没有振荡奇异性和裂纹面相互嵌入现象作为特例,当两种正交异性材料相同时,可以推出正交异性单材料Ⅱ型断裂的应力奇异指数、应力强度因子公式、应力场、位移场表示式.     

线性分布载荷作用下功能梯度各向异性悬臂梁的解析解

对功能梯度各向异性弹性悬臂梁在线性分布载荷作用下的弯曲问题进行了研究．从平面应力问题的基本方程出发,假定应力函数为梁长度方向的多项式形式,由应力函数求导给出应力,利用协调方程和边界条件可完全确定应力函数．将解析解与有限元数值方法的结果进行了对比,两者吻合良好．     

均布荷载作用下压电材料简支梁的解析解

采用逆解法求解了均布荷载作用下压电材料简支梁的解析解。首先给出应力函数和电位移函数的多项式表达式,进而根据相容方程以及应力和电位移、位移和电势的边界条件,求得了同时考虑材料弹性参数、密度参数和压电参数呈梯度变化时,简支梁在均布荷载作用下的解析解。作为特例还得到了常体力以及材料参数为常数时的解答。并对结果进行了讨论。     

考虑空间效应的多支撑管线随机地震响应分析

提出了一种能考虑地震动空间变化效应的多支撑管线随机地震响应分析的解析方法.证明了多点地震作用下结构的平稳随机响应分析可转化为求解支座简谐运动时的确定性响应,直接给出了含有待定系数的简谐响应的形式,并通过边界条件和连续性条件建立待定系数的求解方程.与拟静位移分解法相比,该方法不用计算结构的振型以及拟静位移分量,完全是基于解析推导,因此在计算效率方面优势明显.数值算例中,采用该方法和拟静位移分解法计算了一个6跨管线在空间多点地震作用下的随机响应,对比验证了方法的正确性和高效性.     

对称迭层矩形板的平面应力分析

常用的对称迭层板为各向异性板．根据平面应力问题的基本方程精确地用应力函数解法求得了各向异性板的一般解析解．推导出平面内应力和位移的一般公式,其中积分常数由边界条件来决定．一般解包括三角函数和双曲函数组成的解,它能满足4个边为任意边界条件的问题．还有代数多项式解,它能满足4个角的边界条件．因此一般解可用以求解任意边界条件下的平面应力问题．以4边承受均匀法向和切向载荷以及非均匀法向载荷的对称迭层方板为例,进行了计算和分析．     

任意厚度具有自由边叠层板的精确解析解

自由边问题一直是三维弹性力学中的难题,通常很难满足自由边上一个正应力和两个剪应力都等于0．基于三维弹性力学基本方程和状态空间方法,引入自由边界位移函数并考虑全部弹性常数,建立了正交异性具有自由边单层和叠层板的状态方程．对状态方程中的变量以级数形式展开,通过边界条件的满足精确求解任意厚度具有自由边叠层板的位移和应力,此解满足层间应力和位移的连续条件．算例计算表明,采用引入的位移函数形式,简化了计算过程并且采用较少的级数项可以获得收敛解．与有限元方法计算结果进行了对比,可以得到较高精度的数值结果．其解可以作为其它数值方法和半解析方法的参考解．     

各向异性矩形板自由振动的一般解析解法

根据各向异性矩形薄板自由振动横向位移函数的微分方程建立了一般性的解析解．该一般解包括三角函数和双曲线函数组成的解,它能满足4个边为任意边界条件的问题．还有代数多项式和双正弦级数解,它能满足4个角的边界条件问题．因此,这一解析解可用于精确地求解具有任意边界条件的各向异性矩形卞的振动问题．解中的积分常数可由4边和4角的边界条件来确定．由此得出的齐次线性代数方程系数矩阵行列式等于零可以求得各阶固有频率及其振型,以四边平夹的对称角铺设复合材料迭层板为例进行了计算和讨论．     

各向异性材料动态裂纹扩展特性和动态应力强度因子

基于各向异性材料力学,研究了无限大各向异性材料中Ⅲ型裂纹的动态扩展问题．裂纹尖端的应力和位移被表示为解析函数的形式,解析函数可以表达为幂级数的形式,幂级数的系数由边界条件确定．确定了Ⅲ型裂纹的动态应力强度因子的表达式,得到了裂纹尖端的应力分量、应变分量和位移分量．裂纹扩展特性由裂纹扩展速度M和参数alpha反映,裂纹扩展越快,裂纹尖端的应力分量和位移分量越大;参数alpha对裂纹尖端的应力分量和位移分量有重要影响．     

Solution for a problem of linear plane elasticity with mixed boundary conditions on an ellipse by the method of boundary integrals

A numerical boundary integral scheme is proposed for the solution of the system of field equations of plane, linear elasticity in stresses for homogeneous, isotropic media in the domain bounded by an ellipse under mixed boundary conditions. The stresses are prescribed on one half of the ellipse, while the displacements are given on the other half. The method relies on previous analytical work within the Boundary Integral Method [1], [2].The considered problem with mixed boundary conditions is replaced by two subproblems with homogeneous boundary conditions, one of each type, having a common solution. The equations are reduced to a system of boundary integral equations, which is then discretized in the usual way and the problem at this stage is reduced to the solution of a rectangular linear system of algebraic equations. The unknowns in this system of equations are the boundary values of four harmonic functions which define the full elastic solution inside the domain, and the unknown boundary values of stresses or displacements on proper parts of the boundary.On the basis of the obtained results, it is inferred that the tangential stress component on the fixed part of the boundary has a singularity at each of the two separation points, thought to be of logarithmic type. A tentative form for the singular solution is proposed to calculate the full solution in bulk directly from the given boundary conditions using the well-known Boundary Collocation Method. It is shown that this addition substantially decreases the error in satisfying the boundary conditions on some interval not containing the singular points.The obtained results are discussed and boundary curves for unknown functions are provided, as well as three-dimensional plots for quantities of practical interest. The efficiency of the used numerical schemes is discussed, in what concerns the number of boundary nodes needed to calculate the approximate solution.     

Elasticity solution of multi-span beams with variable thickness under static loads

This paper studies the stress and displacement distributions of continuously varying thickness multi-span beams simply supported at two ends and under static loads. The intermediate supports of the beam may be elastic and/or rigid in one or two directions. On the basis of the two-dimensional plane elasticity theory, the general solution of stress function, which exactly satisfies the governing differential equations and the simply supported boundary conditions, is deduced. In the present analysis, the reaction forces of the intermediate supports are regarded as the unknown external forces acting on the lower surface of the beam under consideration. The unknown coefficients in the solutions are determined by using the Fourier sinusoidal series expansions to the boundary conditions on the upper and lower surfaces of the beam and using the linear relations between reaction forces and displacements of the beam at intermediate supports. The solution obtained is exact and excellent convergence has been confirmed. Comparing the numerical results obtained from the proposed method to those obtained from the Euler beam theory, the Timoshenko beam theory and those obtained from the commercial finite element software ANSYS, high accuracy of the present method is demonstrated.     

具有非均匀界面相的颗粒和纤维增强复合材料弹性静力学问题的解析解

通过将以位移表示的平衡方程转化为黎卡提方程,得到了具有非均匀界面相的颗粒和纤维增强复合材料非均匀界面相内弹性场的解析解·　所得的解析解是弹性模量呈幂次方变化的非均匀界面相解的通用形式·　任意给定1个幂指数,可以得到具有非均匀界面相的颗粒和纤维增强复合材料体积模量的解析表达式·　通过改变幂指数及幂次方项的系数,此解析解可适用于具有多种不同性质的非均匀界面相·　结果表明:界面相模量和厚度对复合材料模量有很大的影响,当界面相存在时,粒子将出现一种"尺寸效应"·     

Dynamic strength around a coated nanowire with surfaces/interfaces in a half solid

In this paper, the multiple scattering of anti-plane shear waves around a coated nanowire with surfaces/interfaces embedded in a half solid is studied, and the dynamic stress at the two surfaces/interfaces is presented. The boundary condition at the edge of the half solid is satisfied by the image method. The analytical solutions of displacements in the two half solids, in the coating layers, and inside the nanowire are expressed by wave function expansion method. The expanded mode coefficients are determined by satisfying the boundary conditions at the two surfaces/interfaces of the coated nanowire and the straight edge of the structure. The addition theorem for cylindrical wave function is employed to accomplish the superposition of displacement fields in the two half solids. Analyses show that the properties of the outer and inner interfaces show different effect on the dynamic stress around the nanowire. The dynamic stress distribution around the nanowire is also significantly related to the interfacial properties at the edge and the position of the nanowire.     

Two-dimensional thermoelastic analysis of beams with variable thickness subjected to thermo-mechanical loads

Two-dimensional thermoelastic analysis for simply supported beams with variable thickness and subjected to thermo-mechanical loads is investigated. An approximate analytical method is proposed. Firstly, the heat conduction equation is analytically solved to obtain the temperature distributions for two kinds of boundary conditions at the beam ends, which are the harmonic series with unknown coefficients. Then the two-dimensional equilibrium differential equations are analytically solved to obtain the displacement component series with unknown coefficients and the stress component series is obtained. The unknown coefficients in the temperature series and the stress component series are approximately determined by using the upper surface and lower surface conditions of the beam. With the proposed procedure, the solutions satisfy the governing differential equations, the loading conditions, and the simply supported end conditions. The proposed solution method shows a good convergence and the results agree well with those obtained from the commercial finite element software ANSYS. Several examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution method. The simultaneous effects of temperature change and applied mechanical load on the behavior of the beam are examined.     

Wrinkle-free solutions in the theory of annular elastic membranes

Rotationally symmetric deformations of a flat annular elastic membrane under a gravitational force are studied, with prescribed radial stresses or horizontal displacements at the edges. The small-finitedeflection theory of Föppl-Hencky as well as a simplified version of Reissner's static first approximation theory of thin shells of revolution are applied which lead to consider a single, second-order, ordinary differential equation for the derivation of the principal stresses in the membrane. Using analytical methods, the range of those boundary data is determined for which the solutions of the differential equation are wrinkle free in the sense that both the radial and the circumferential stress components are nonnegative everywhere.     

深埋隧洞围岩应力的精确解与近似解的对比分析

对不同断面形状的深埋隧洞进行了分析,比较了隧洞围岩应力解析解与通过当量半径方法得到的近似解之间的差别.首先,应用复变函数的基本理论,给出圆形、椭圆、矩形、直墙拱形等几种常见深埋隧洞围岩应力的解析表达式.其次,应用当量半径的折算形式,将其任意形状的边界转化为标准圆形断面,利用Lamé解答得到了各围岩应力分量.最后,考虑隧洞断面形状参数的变化,通过数值算例对精确解和近似解进行了比较,分析了当量半径折算形式的精确度.在此基础上,应用有限元方法验证了复变函数解析解的精确性,以椭圆、矩形和直墙拱形的复变函数解验证当量半径精确度.结果表明,当量半径的折算形式解答与精确解答之间相似程度与隧洞的断面形状和几何参数之间有着密切的关系.     

非圆形水工衬砌隧洞与横观各向同性岩体在光滑接触下的解析分析

提出了横观各向同性岩体中的非圆形水工衬砌隧洞在各向同性衬砌与岩体处于光滑接触条件下的解析方法.基于复变函数理论,通过建立两种介质在光滑接触边界上的力和位移连续关系以及衬砌自由边界的水压力边界条件,考虑衬砌支护滞后效应并使用幂级数解法获得解析解.针对倾斜结构面岩体中的马蹄形水工衬砌隧洞,使用解析和数值方法验证了解析解的正确性,获得了岩体各向异性和不同洞内水压力对衬砌和围岩接触边界,以及衬砌自由边界上应力和位移分布的影响规律.     

CFRP修复缺陷钢板应力解析模型

在使用碳纤维复合材料(carbon fiber reinforced polymer, CFRP)修复钢结构腐蚀缺陷的修复方式中,CFRP应力及胶层应力是确定碳纤维修复结构承载能力的关键。基于平截面假设,得到弯矩作用下应力与应变分布;基于胶层剪切模型,得到胶层剪应力与CFRP和钢板位移间的关系;基于力的平衡,得到CFRP和钢板的应力关系。结合得到的各种材料之间关系,推导出轴力和弯矩联合作用状态下CFRP双面修复钢板的CFRP与胶层应力分布解析解。采用数值分析对CFRP双侧粘贴修复缺陷钢板进行分析,分析结果与解析结果具有一致性,同时获得了CFRP双侧粘贴修复缺陷钢板的应力分布特点,以及构件可能发生破坏的位置,为计算构件极限承载力提供了基础。