The existence and the non-existence of joint t-universality for Lerch zeta functions

In this paper, we show the following theorems. Suppose 0<al<1 are algebraically independent numbers and 0<λl?1 for 1?l?m. Then we have the joint t-universality for Lerch zeta functions L(λl,al,s) for 1?l?m. Next we generalize Lerch zeta functions, and obtain the joint t-universality for them. In addition, we show examples of the non-existence of the joint t-universality for Lerch zeta functions and generalized Lerch zeta functions.     

Arithmetic expressions of Selberg's zeta functions for congruence subgroups

In [P. Sarnak, Class numbers of indefinite binary quadratic forms, J. Number Theory 15 (1982) 229-247], it was proved that the Selberg zeta function for SL₂(Z) is expressed in terms of the fundamental units and the class numbers of the primitive indefinite binary quadratic forms. The aim of this paper is to obtain similar arithmetic expressions of the logarithmic derivatives of the Selberg zeta functions for congruence subgroups of SL₂(Z). As applications, we study the Brun-Titchmarsh type prime geodesic theorem and the asymptotic formula of the sum of the class number.     

On zeta function identities involving sums of squares and the zeta-theta correspondence

We prove two identities involving Dirichlet series, in the denominators of whose terms sums of two, three and four squares appear. These follow from two classical identities of Jacobi involving the four Jacobian Theta Functions θ₁(z;q), θ₂(z;q), θ₃(z;q) and θ₄(z;q), by the application of the Mellin transform. These results motivate the well-known correspondence between the set of the four Jacobian Theta Functions and the set of four classical zeta functions of which the Riemann Zeta Function is the third, and the Dirichlet Beta Function is the first.     

Computation of Weng's rank 2 zeta function over an algebraic number field

In this paper, we study the zeta function, named non-abelian zeta function, defined by Lin Weng. We can represent Weng's rank r zeta function of an algebraic number field F as the integration of the Eisenstein series over the moduli space of the semi-stable OF-lattices with rank r. For r=2, in the case of F=Q, Weng proved that it can be written by the Riemann zeta function, and Lagarias and Suzuki proved that it satisfies the Riemann hypothesis. These results were generalized by the author to imaginary quadratic fields and by Lin Weng to general number fields. This paper presents proofs of both these results. It derives a formula (first found by Weng) for Weng's rank 2 zeta functions for general number fields, and then proves the Riemann hypothesis holds for such zeta functions.     

Addison-type series representation for the Stieltjes constants

The Stieltjes constants γk(a) appear in the coefficients in the regular part of the Laurent expansion of the Hurwitz zeta function ζ(s,a) about its only pole at s=1. We generalize a technique of Addison for the Euler constant γ=γ₀(1) to show its application to finding series representations for these constants. Other generalizations of representations of γ are given.     

An arithmetic formula for certain coefficients of the Euler product of Hecke polynomials

In 1997 the author found a criterion for the Riemann hypothesis for the Riemann zeta function, involving the nonnegativity of certain coefficients associated with the Riemann zeta function. In 1999 Bombieri and Lagarias obtained an arithmetic formula for these coefficients using the “explicit formula” of prime number theory. In this paper, the author obtains an arithmetic formula for corresponding coefficients associated with the Euler product of Hecke polynomials, which is essentially a product of L-functions attached to weight 2 cusp forms (both newforms and oldforms) over Hecke congruence subgroups Γ₀(N). The nonnegativity of these coefficients gives a criterion for the Riemann hypothesis for all these L-functions at once.     

Nonlinear approximation using rapidly increasing functions

Fix a positive integern and σ>0. ForF continuous and positive on [0, ∞), we consider the spaceW(n, σ; F) of functions of the form σF(α_jx) P_j(x) where there arem(≤n) terms in the sum; theP _j's are polynomials of total degree not exceedingn — m; and 0≤α_j≤α_j+1-α, j=1, 2,?, m-1. Under certain conditions onF (primarily that it increase rapidly enough to ∞ asx goes to ∞),W(n, σ; F) is an existence space forC[0,1].     

The joint value distribution of the Riemann zeta function and Hurwitz zeta functions II

In the previous paper [9] the author proved the joint limit theorem for the Riemann zeta function and the Hurwitz zeta function attached with a transcendental real number. As a corollary, the author obtained the joint functional independence for these two zeta functions. In this paper, we study the joint value distribution for the Riemann zeta function and the Hurwitz zeta function attached with an algebraic irrational number. Especially we establish the weak joint functional independence for these two zeta functions. Received: 17 Apri1 2007     

A restricted sum formula among multiple zeta values

For positive integers α₁,α₂,…,αr with αr?2, the multiple zeta value or r-fold Euler sum is defined as

     

On p-adic Diamond–Euler Log Gamma functions

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In this paper, using the fermionic p  -adic integral on _Zp${\mathbb{Z}}_p$, we define the corresponding p-adic Log Gamma functions, so-called p-adic Diamond–Euler Log Gamma functions. We then prove several fundamental results for these p-adic Log Gamma functions, including the Laurent series expansion, the distribution formula, the functional equation and the reflection formula. We express the derivative of p-adic Euler L  -functions at s=0$s=0$ and the special values of p-adic Euler L-functions at positive integers as linear combinations of p-adic Diamond–Euler Log Gamma functions. Finally, using the p-adic Diamond–Euler Log Gamma functions, we obtain the formula for the derivative of the p  -adic Hurwitz-type Euler zeta function at s=0$s=0$, then we show that the p-adic Hurwitz-type Euler zeta functions will appear in the studying for a special case of p  -adic analogue of the (S,T)$(S,T)$-version of the abelian rank one Stark conjecture.

Video

For a video summary of this paper, please click here or visit http://youtu.be/DW77g3aPcFU.     

Characterization of the absence of a spectral gapfor a class of periodic Jacobi operators

Let q ∈ {2, 3} and let 0 = s₀ < s₁ < … < s_q = T be integers. For m, n ∈ Z, we put ¯m,n = {j ∈ Z| m? j ? n}. We set l_j = s_j − s_j−1 for j ∈ 1, q. Given (p₁,, p_q) ∈ R^q, let b: Z → R be a periodic function of period T such that b(·) = p_j on s_j−1 + 1, s_j for each j ∈ 1, q. We study the spectral gaps of the Jacobi operator (Ju)(n) = u(n + 1) + u(n − 1) + b(n)u(n) acting on l²(Z). By [λ_2j , λ_2j−1] we denote the jth band of the spectrum of J counted from above for j ∈ 1, T. Suppose that p_m ≠ p_n for m ≠ n. We prove that the statements (i) and (ii) below are equivalent for λ ∈ R and i ∈ 1, T − 1.     

Some formulas for the coefficients of Drinfeld modular forms

We obtain some formulas for t-expansion coefficients of meromorphic Drinfeld modular forms for GL₂(F_q[T]). Let j(z) be the Drinfeld modular invariant. As an application we show that the values of j(z) at points in the divisor of Drinfeld modular forms for GL₂(F_q[T]) are algebraic over F_q(T).     

Multiple zeta functions and asymptotic structure of free Abelian groups of finite rank

We define the multiple zeta function of the free Abelian group Z^d as

ζ_Z^d(s₁,…,s_d)=∑_|Z^d:H|<∞α₁(H)^−s₁?α_d(H)^−s_d,     

On the sum relation of multiple Hurwitz zeta functions

In this paper we shall define the special-valued multiple Hurwitz zeta functions, namely the multiple t-values t(α) and define similarly the multiple star t-values as t^?(α). Then we consider the sum of all such multiple (star) t-values of fixed depth and weight with even argument and prove that such a sum can be evaluated when the evaluations of t({2m}ⁿ) and t*({2m}ⁿ) are clear. We give the evaluations of them in terms of the classical Euler numbers through their generating functions.     

A logarithm type mean value theorem of the Riemann zeta function

For any integer K?2 and positive integer h, we investigate the mean value of |ζ(σ+it)|^2k×logh|ζ(σ+it)| for all real number 0<k<K and all σ>1−1/K. In case K=2, h=1, this has been studied by Wang in [F.T. Wang, A mean value theorem of the Riemann zeta function, Quart. J. Math. Oxford Ser. 18 (1947) 1-3]. In this note, we give a new brief proof of Wang's theorem, and, with this method, generalize it to the general case naturally.     

On the zeta function associated with module classes of a number field

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The goal of this note is to generalize a formula of Datskovsky and Wright on the zeta function associated with integral binary cubic forms. We show that for a fixed number field K of degree d, the zeta function associated with decomposable forms belonging to K in d−1 variables can be factored into a product of Riemann and Dedekind zeta functions in a similar fashion. We establish a one-to-one correspondence between the pure module classes of rank d−1 of K and the integral ideals of width <d−1. This reduces the problem to counting integral ideals of a special type, which can be solved using a tailored Moebius inversion argument. As a by-product, we obtain a characterization of the conductor ideals for orders of number fields.

Video

For a video summary of this paper, please click here or visit http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RePyaF8vDnE.     

Supersingular parameters of the Deuring normal form

It is proved that the supersingular parameters α of the elliptic curve E ₃(α): Y ²+αXY+Y=X ³ in Deuring normal form satisfy α=3+γ ³, where γ lies in the finite field $\mathbb{F}_{p^{2}}$ . This is accomplished by finding explicit generators for the normal closure N of the finite extension k(α)/k(j(α)), where α is an indeterminate over $k=\mathbb{F}_{p^{2}}$ , and j(α) is the j-invariant of E ₃(α). Computing an explicit algebraic form for the elements of the Galois group of the extension N/k(j) leads to some new relationships between supersingular parameters for the Deuring normal form. The function field N, which contains the function field of the cubic Fermat curve, is then used to show how the results of Fleckinger for the Deuring normal form are related to cubic theta functions.     

Non-linear extremal problems for analytic two-dimensional Riemann-Stieltjes integrals

We examine certain non-linear extremal problems for two-dimensional Riemann-Stieltjes integrals \(\varphi (z) \equiv \int {_D \int {g(z,\zeta )d\mu (\zeta ),} \zeta \in D \equiv [\zeta |\left| \zeta \right|} \leqslant 1]\) ,z∈Δ≡[z‖|z|<1] whereg(z, ζ) is a continuous function in (z, ζ)∈[Δ×D] and an analytic function forz∈Δ and μ(ζ) is a unit mass measure onD. In particular, if the mass is distributed on the segment [a, b], we obtain the well-known Ruscheweyh results for the one-dimensional Riemann-Stieltjes integrals \(\varphi (z) \equiv \int_a^b {g(z,t)d\mu (t),z \in \Delta } \) . In particular, ifg(z,σ)≡z/(1—zσ), we determine the maximal domain of univalence and the radii of starlikeness and convexity of order α, ?∞<α<1, of the corresponding functions ?(z). A particular study is made of the functions of classesS ₁(D) andS ₂(D) which is similar to the study of the functions of the corresponding classesS ₁(C) andS ₂(C) of Schwarz analytic functions. In addition to obtaining maximal domains of univalence, we also determine the unique extremal functions for each of the functional studied.     

Newman's phenomenon for generalized Thue-Morse sequences

Let t_j=(-1)^s(j) be the Thue-Morse sequence with s(j) denoting the sum of the digits in the binary expansion of j. A well-known result of Newman [On the number of binary digits in a multiple of three, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 21 (1969) 719-721] says that t₀+t₃+t₆+?+t_3k>0 for all k?0.In the first part of the paper we show that t₁+t₄+t₇+?+t_3k+1<0 and t₂+t₅+t₈+?+t_3k+2?0 for k?0, where equality is characterized by means of an automaton. This sharpens results given by Dumont [Discrépance des progressions arithmétiques dans la suite de Morse, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I Math. 297 (1983) 145-148]. In the second part we study more general settings. For a,g?2 let ω_a=exp(2πi/a) and , where s_g(j) denotes the sum of digits in the g-ary digit expansion of j. We observe trivial Newman-like phenomena whenever a|(g-1). Furthermore, we show that the case a=2 inherits many Newman-like phenomena for every even g?2 and large classes of arithmetic progressions of indices. This, in particular, extends results by Drmota and Ska?ba [Rarified sums of the Thue-Morse sequence, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 352 (2000) 609-642] to the general g-case.     

Spectral properties of some regular boundary value problems for fourth order differential operators

In this paper we consider the problem $\begin{gathered} y^{iv} + p_2 (x)y'' + p_1 (x)y' + p_0 (x)y = \lambda y,0 < x < 1, \hfill \\ y^{(s)} (1) - ( - 1)^\sigma y^{(s)} (0) + \sum\limits_{l = 0}^{s - 1} {\alpha _{s,l} y^{(l)} (0) = 0,} s = 1,2,3, \hfill \\ y(1) - ( - 1)^\sigma y(0) = 0, \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $ where λ is a spectral parameter; p _j (x) ∈ L ₁(0, 1), j = 0, 1, 2, are complex-valued functions; α _s;l , s = 1, 2, 3, $l = \overline {0,s - 1} $ , are arbitrary complex constants; and σ = 0, 1. The boundary conditions of this problem are regular, but not strongly regular. Asymptotic formulae for eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the considered boundary value problem are established in the case α _3,2 + α _1,0 ≠ α _2,1. It is proved that the system of root functions of this spectral problem forms a basis in the space L _p (0, 1), 1 < p < ∞, when α _3,2+α _1,0 ≠ α _2,1, p _j (x) ∈ W ₁ ^j (0, 1), j = 1, 2, and p ₀(x) ∈ L ₁(0, 1); moreover, this basis is unconditional for p = 2.