会长张弘力在中国珠算心算协会第八届会员大会上的讲话

刚才,大家推选我为中国珠算心算协会第八届理事会会长,我感到十分荣幸,感谢财政部党组和各位理事对我的信任。与此同时,也深感责任重大,珠算心算对我而言,是陌生的全新的领域,担任这一领域如此重要的职务,既是莫大的荣誉,也是巨大的挑战,我将珍惜这一荣誉,竭尽全力,与各位理事、各位会员一道,并在你们的支持和帮助下,去迎接挑战。     

会长张弘力在中国珠算心算协会第八届会员大会上的讲话（2014年7月20日）

刚才,大家推选我为中国珠算心算协会第八届理事会会长,我感到十分荣幸,感谢财政部党组和各位理事对我的信任。与此同时,也深感责任重大,珠算心算对我而言,是陌生的全新的领域,担任这一领域如此重要的职务,既是莫大的荣誉,也是巨大的挑战,我将珍惜这一荣誉,竭尽全力,与各位理事、各位会员一道,并在你们的支持和帮助下,去迎接挑战。     

每次进步一点点,奇迹就会发生

香港海洋公园里有一条大鲸鱼,虽然重达8600 kg,却不但能跃出水面6.6m,还能向游客表演各种杂技.面对这条创造奇迹的鲸鱼,有人向训练师请教训练的秘诀.训练师说,在最初开始训练时,我们会先把绳子放在水面之下,使鲸鱼不得不从绳子上方通过,每通过一次,鲸鱼就能得到奖励.渐渐地,我们会把绳子提高,只不过每次提高的幅度都很小,大约只有2 cm,这样鲸鱼不需花费多大的力气就有可能跃过去,并获得奖励.于是,这条常常受到奖励的鲸鱼,便很乐意地接受下一次训练.随着时间的推移,鲸鱼跃过的高度逐渐上升,最后竟然达到了6.6m.     

善待学生的求简精神

在日常教学中,有时会遇到学生对问题解答提出的奇思妙想,一般都是比常规思路更加简捷的方法,但有时学生不能解释为何出现那样的解法,也不知道解法在理论上是否合理,向我们求助时,我们不妨借题发挥,作为探究的好机会,进一步深入思考,善待学生的求简精神,培养学生严谨求实的科学态度.     

浅议初中数学高效课堂教学

现实的数学课堂教学中,我们不难发现,看上去精彩纷呈的一堂课,学生、老师都表现得很积极,课堂气氛也热闹非凡,其实这样的课堂未必高效,而有时看似很普通的常规课,却往往透着高效.有人总认为高效课堂是名师的专利,对于普通老师来说,上好常规课,做到有效就已经是很努力的事情了,高效课堂是遥不可及的海市蜃楼,其实,在教学过程中,只要我们把功夫花在课前,抓住课堂这块教学的主阵地,落实课后反思,高效课堂也能触手可及.     

我与万公称兄弟

古人道"人到七十古来稀",我看万公一点不稀奇.七十的年龄,六十的身体;五十的为人,四十的魄力;三十的激情,二十的志气;叫我如何称呼您:叫万老师太俗气,叫万老又不随意,叫万专家、还是叫万特级……想来想去都不合我意.现代人说:"年龄不是问题",我大胆说:我与万公称兄弟.他,出生无名,家里薄田少地,连名字都是买来的;他,童年时期,内外战争四起,生活中缺吃又少衣;他,身材瘦小,做事缺少力气,但聪明、活泼、淘气、顽皮;他深受父母的励志教育:是男儿汉,有勇气、有志气;敢作敢当、敢为人先,敢争第一!     

浅谈图形语言在解题中的巧用

美国数学家斯蒂恩说:"如果一个特定的问题可以转化为图形,那么,思想就整体地把握了问题,并且能创造性地思索问题的解法."这就表明,解题时若能挖掘问题的几何意义,配以适当的图形,就有利于分析题中数量之间的关系,丰富表象,拓宽思路,化繁为简,化难为易,迅速找出解决问题的方法,提高分析和解决问题的能力,取得以简驭繁的效果.     

双曲线成双 旋转表示来帮忙

在解有关反比例函数问题时,如果可以找到这样一个合适的点,这个点往往在坐标轴上,而且有垂直于(或者平行于)坐标轴的直线过此点.可设这个点的坐标,再根据题目中的等量关系,依次得到其他点的坐标,然后根据题目需要,将坐标转化为线段的长,从而得到线段之间的关系或者某些图形的面积,为问题的解答提供方便.这种先设某点坐标,然后逐一表示其他点的坐标的方法,叫旋转表示法.这种方法在解决两条双曲线问题中的应用十分广泛.本文以2010年中考试题为例,说明这种方法的应用,供同行参考.     

感受转化的魅力

在解题中,转化是广为运用的法宝,面临一些难题,一旦找到适当的转化,难关会变成易行的大道;有时,找到巧妙的转化,简捷的解题方法让人拍手叫绝,发出"数学真美"的感叹;更多的时候,题目的陌生,使人感到不知如何下手,一经转化而现其原貌,却原来是我们早已解决过的题型.下面就举几例让大家感受     

例谈学生错题资源的开发与利用

学生做错题是司空见惯的.但对待学生的错题,却是仁者见仁,智者见智.多年教学中,不同时空,不同的学生,却出现许多相似的错题现象,开发利用好学生的错题资源,提高教学的效率,做到事半功倍是每位教师都关心的.虽然错误具有个性,但也有共性,不是知识性     

弹性力学问题解唯一的边界积分方程

从积分方程式出发,应用基本解的特性分析,说明在力边值问题中,位移边界积分方程和面力边界积分方程的位移解不唯一.提出了位移解唯一的条件,建立了唯一解的位移边界积分方程和面力边界积分方程.实例计算结果表明唯一解的边界积分方程是有效的.     

Boundary homogenization in domains with randomly oscillating boundary

We consider a model homogenization problem for the Poisson equation in a domain with a rapidly oscillating boundary which is a small random perturbation of a fixed hypersurface. A Fourier boundary condition with random coefficients is imposed on the oscillating boundary. We derive the effective boundary condition, prove a convergence result, and establish error estimates.     

Matrix representations of fourth-order boundary value problems with coupled or mixed boundary conditions

An equivalence between a class of regular self-adjoint fourth-order boundary value problems with coupled or mixed boundary conditions and a certain class of matrix problems is investigated. Such an equivalence was previously known only in the second-order case and fourth-order case with separated boundary conditions.     

The fresh-salt water interface in a semi-pervious aquifer

The paper determines the location of the steady state interface between fresh and saltwater in a plane coastal aquifer. The lower boundary is totally impervious while the upper one is impervious below land and semi-pervious below the sea allowing an outflow through this part of the upper boundary. The model equations reduce to two boundary value problems, one valid in x < 0 and the other in x > 0 here x is measured along the aquifer with the origin at the coast. In each region unknown boundaries have to be determined as part of the solution using boundary and continuity conditions. Two cases are presented using the Dupuit approximation. One where the solution can be written down in terms of elementary functions and the other in which we have to use a phase space analysis.     

NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF PARABOLIC PROBLEMS ON UNBOUNDED 3-D SPATIAL DOMAIN

In this paper,the numerical solutions of heat equation on 3-D unbounded spatial do-main are considered. n artificial boundary Γ is introduced to finite the computationaldomain.On the artificial boundary Γ,the exact boundary condition and a series of approx-imating boundary conditions are derived,which are called artificial boundary conditions.By the exact or approximating boundary condition on the artificial boundary,the originalproblem is reduced to an initial-boundary value problem on the bounded computationaldomain,which is equivalent or approximating to the original problem.The finite differencemethod and finite element method are used to solve the reduced problems on the finitecomputational domain.The numerical results demonstrate that the method given in thispaper is effective and feasible.     

A BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD FOR A NONLINEAR BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM IN STEADY-STATE HEAT TRANSFER IN DIMENSION THREE

In this paper, a new method of boundary reduction is proposed, which reduces thesteady-state heat transfer equation with radiation. Moreover, a boundary element method is pre-sented for its solution and the error estimates of the numerical approximations are given.     

Smoothness properties of Newtonian potentials in the study of elastic plates

The Hölder continuity and differentiability are investigated of Newtonian potentials arising in the theory of bending of elastic plates with transverse shear deformation. These properties play an essential role in the study by means of boundary integral equation techniques of boundary value problems for the equilibrium and harmonic oscillation states, and in the construction of associated boundary element methods.     

Laplace方程边值问题的边界积分方程法

§ 1.　Introduction　　Inengineeringandtechnology ,theproblemofstaticelectricfieldscanbeattributedtotheboundaryproblemofLaplaceequationofstaticeletricpotentialfunction .Themethodsofclassi calmathematicalphysicscanbeonlyusedtosolveboundaryproblemofverysimpledomainandspecialboundarycondition .Althoughthemethodsoflimitedelementscanbeusedtosolvetheproblemsonarbitrarydomain ,butitneedstopartitionthewholedomainandtocalculateverycomplex .Theapproachofboundaryintegralequationistosolverelatedproblemsb…     

Initial boundary value problems for quasilinear symmetric hyperbolic systems with characteristic boundary

This paper is devoted to initial boundary value problems for quasi-linear symmetric hyperbolic systems in a domain with characteristic boundary. It extends the theory on linear symmetric hyperbolic systems established by Friedrichs to the nonlinear case. The concept on regular characteristics and dissipative boundary conditions are given for quasilinear hyperbolic systems. Under some assumptions, an existence theorem for such initial boundary value problems is obtained. The theorem can also be applied to the Euler system of compressible flow. __________ Translated from Chinese Annals of Mathematics, Ser. A, 1982, 3(2): 223–232     

On Harpers' Result Concerning the Bandwidths of Graphs

In this paper, we improve the result by Harper on the lower bound of the bandwidth of connected graphs. In addition, we prove that considerating the interior boundary and the exterior boundary when estimating the bandwidth of connected graphs gives the same results.