寻找周期轨道的代数分析法

本文给出了计算一般代数型（有理分式）离散动力系统周期轨道的一种分析方法－代数分析法。这种方法的优点是将非线性求解问题转化为一个线性求解问题来处理。它不仅可以准确地确定包括稳定和不稳定周期轨道的位置，而且还可以详细了解周期轨道的产生和随参数演变的分岔特性。本文利用这种方法分析了一个四维二次非线性映射，并给出了其完整的低周期轨道的分岔曲线图。     

具有共振特征值的轨道翻转双同宿环分支

该文研究了具有轨道翻转的双同宿环四维系统,在主特征值共振和沿轨道奇点处切方向共振下的两种分支．我们分别在系统奇点小邻域内利用规范型的解构造一个奇异映射,再在双同宿环的管状邻域内引起局部活动坐标架,利用系统线性变分方程的解定义了一个正则映射,通过复合两个映射而得到分支研究中一类重要的Poincaré映射,经过简单的计算最终得到后继函数的精确表达式．对分支方程细致地研究,我们给出了原双同宿环的保存性条件,并证明了“大” 1-同宿环分支曲面,2-重“大”1-周期轨分支曲面,“大”2-同宿环分支曲面的存在性、存在区域和近似表达式,及其分支出的“大”周期轨和“大”同宿轨的存在性区域和数量．     

两自由度非对称三次系统非线性模态的奇异性质

利用非线性模态子空间的不变性和摄动技术,研究两自由度非对称三次系统在奇异条件下系统的性质.重点考虑子系统之间线性耦合退化时的奇异性质.对于非共振情形,所得到的解析结果表明,系统出现单模态运动以及振动局部化现象,这种现象的强弱不但与非线性耦合刚度有关,而且与非对称参数有关.并解析地得到了参数的门槛值;对于1:1共振情形,模态随非线性耦合刚度和非对称参数的变化会出现分岔,得到了参数分岔集以及模态的分岔曲线.     

三维反转系统中余维2和3的异维环分支

研究了三维反转系统中具有2个鞍点的对称异维环分支问题.在此反转性意味着存在线性对合R,使得系统在R变换和时间逆向条件下仍保持不变.当R的不动点构成集合的维数dim Fix(R)=1时,我们研究了R-对称异维环,R-对称周期轨线,同宿环,重周期轨线和具有单参数族的无穷条周期轨线的存在性及它们的共存性.本文也明确得到了对称异维环的重同宿分支,且分支出的不可数无穷条周期轨道聚集在某条同宿轨道的小邻域内.进一步,作者也证明了相应的分支曲面及其存在区域.对于dim Fix(R)=2时的情形,本文得到了系统可分支出R-周期轨道和R-对称异宿环.     

两点粗异宿环分支

研究了情形的两点粗异宿环的分支问题, 其中和为未扰系统在鞍点pi ( i= 1, 2)处的一对主特征值. 在非扭曲和横截性条件下获得了1条1-周期轨道, 1条1-周期轨道和1条1-同宿环, 2条1-周期轨道以及1条两重 1-周期轨道的存在性. 同时, 还得到了相应的分支曲面和存在域, 给出了相应的分支图.     

弹性支承-刚性转子系统同步全周碰摩的分岔响应

基于航空发动机转子系统的结构特点,将航空发动机转子系统简化为一个非线性弹性支承的刚性转子系统．根据Lagrange方程建立了弹性支承-刚性不对称转子系统同步全周碰摩的运动方程;采用平均法进行求解,得到了关于系统振幅的分岔方程;根据两状态变量约束分岔理论,分别给出了系统在无碰摩和碰摩阶段参数平面的转迁集和分岔图,讨论了转子偏心、阻尼对系统分岔行为的影响;应用Liapunov稳定性理论分析了系统碰摩周期解的稳定性和失稳方式,给出了系统参数——转速平面上周期解的稳定范围;该文的研究结果对航空发动机转子系统的设计有一定的理论意义．     

伴随超临界分支的非通有同宿轨道分支

考虑伴随超临界分支的高维非退化系统在非通有假设下的同宿轨道分支问题,通过在未扰同宿轨道邻域建立活动坐标架,导出系统在新坐标系下的全局Poincare映射,对伴随超临界分支的非通有同宿轨道的保存及分支周期轨道的情况导出相应的分支方程和分支图．     

Duffing系统在双参数平面上的分岔演化过程

给出了参数空间上最大Lyapunov指数的计算方法,数值计算了Duffing系统在双参数平面上的最大Lyapunov指数.结合单参数最大Lyapunov指数、分岔图、相图以及时间历程图,讨论了Duffing系统在双参数平面上的分岔以及随系统控制参数变化的分岔演化过程.结果发现在双参数平面上系统发生叉式分岔,出现具有缺边现象的两个不同区域,该区域内系统对初值有较强的敏感性,存在两吸引子共存现象;系统运动经过周期跳跃曲线时振动幅值突然减小;系统外激励频率较小时常引起颤振运动.此外,在两个具有缺边现象的区域内,随刚度系数的不断增加,系统出现了倍周期分岔曲线环,而且倍周期分岔曲线环内不断嵌套新的倍周期分岔曲线环,导致系统最终经倍周期分岔序列进入混沌状态,随着控制参数的变化,系统在双参数平面上的动力学特性变得非常复杂.     

音叉式分岔的分类和它们的计算

本文考虑多参数非线性问题中音叉式分岔的分类,并提出了计算带有不同奇异性的音叉式分岔点的正则扩张系统,给出了求解正则扩张系统的一个有效算法,最后通过数值例子说明我们算法的有效性。     

高维同宿环扭曲分支与稳定性

利用沿同宿环的线性变分方程的线性独立解作为在同宿环的小管状邻域内的局部坐标系来建立Poincaré映射,研究了高维系统扭曲同宿环的分支问题．在非共振条件和共振条件下,获得了1-同宿环、 1-周期轨道、 2-同宿环、 2-周期轨道和两重2-同期轨道的存在性、 存在个数和存在区域．给出了相关的分支曲面的近似表示．同时,研究了高维系统同宿环和平面系统非扭曲同宿环的稳定性．     

Iterations by odd functions with two extrema

Let I = [?1, 1] and fI → I be continuous, piecewise monotone and odd with two extrema. A periodic orbit is called symmetric if ?x is in the orbit when x is in the orbit. A periodic orbit which is not symmetric is called asymmetric. The first result of this paper proves an ordering of the periods for the symmetric orbits. There are two possibilities depending on how f behaves in a neighbourhood of 0. The second result of this paper proves that for a one-parameter family of odd functions with negative Schwarzian derivative there are three different types of nondegenerate bifurcations: saddle node, period-doubling pitchfork and period-preserving pitchfork. The last type of bifurcation occurs exactly when a symmetric orbit bifurcates to two asymmetric orbits.     

Periodic and chaotic dynamics in an asymmetric elastoplastic oscillator

We consider the dynamics of a harmonically forced oscillator with an asymmetric elastic–perfectly plastic stiffness function. The computed bifurcation diagrams for the oscillator show regions of periodic motion, hysteresis and large regions of chaotic motion. These different regions of dynamical behaviour are plotted in a two-dimensional parameter space consisting of forcing amplitude and forcing frequency. Examples of the chaotic motion encountered are shown using a discontinuity crossing map. Comparisons are made with the symmetric oscillator by computing a typical bifurcation diagram and considering previously published results for the symmetric system. From this we conclude that the asymmetric system is dominated by a large region of chaotic motion whereas in the symmetric oscillator period one motion and coexisting period three motion predominates.     

Dynamic analysis and suppressing chaotic impacts of a two-degree-of-freedom oscillator with a clearance

A two-degree-of-freedom impact oscillator is considered. The maximum displacement of one of the masses is limited to a threshold value by the symmetrical rigid stops. Impacts between the mass and the stops are described by an instantaneous coefficient of restitution. Dynamics of the system is studied with special attention to periodic-impact motions and bifurcations. Period-one double-impact symmetrical motion and transcendental impact Poincaré map of the system is derived analytically. Stability and local bifurcations of the period-one double-impact symmetrical motions are analyzed by using the impact Poincaré map. The Lyapunov exponents in the vibratory system with impacts are calculated by using the transcendental impact map. The influence of the clearance and excitation frequency on symmetrical double-impact periodic motion and bifurcations is analyzed. A series of other periodic-impact motions are found and the corresponding bifurcations are analyzed. For smaller values of clearance, period-one double-impact symmetrical motion usually undergoes pitchfork bifurcation with decrease in the forcing frequency. For large values of the clearance, period-one double-impact symmetrical motion undergoes Neimark–Sacker bifurcation with decrease in the forcing frequency. The chattering-impact vibration and the sticking phenomena are found to occur in the region of low forcing frequency, which enlarges the adverse effects such as high noise levels, wear and tear and so on. These imply that the dynamic behavior of this system is very rich and complex, varying from different types of periodic motions to chaos, even chattering-impacting vibration and sticking. Chaotic-impact motions are suppressed to minimize the adverse effects by using external driving force, delay feedback and feedback-based method of period pulse.     

Codimension two bifurcations of fixed points in a class of vibratory systems with symmetrical rigid stops

A vibratory system having symmetrically placed rigid stops and subjected to periodic excitation is considered. Local codimension two bifurcations of the vibratory system with symmetrical rigid stops, associated with double Hopf bifurcation and interaction of Hopf and pitchfork bifurcation, are analyzed by using the center manifold theorem technique and normal form method of maps. Dynamic behavior of the system, near the points of codimension two bifurcations, is investigated by using qualitative analysis and numerical simulation. Hopf-flip bifurcation of fixed points in the vibratory system with a single stop are briefly analyzed by comparison with unfoldings analyses of Hopf-pitchfork bifurcation of the vibratory system with symmetrical rigid stops. Near the value of double Hopf bifurcation there exist period-one double-impact symmetrical motion and quasi-periodic impact motions. The quasi-periodic impact motions are represented by the closed circle and “tire-like” attractor in projected Poincaré sections. With change of system parameters, the quasi-periodic impact motions usually lead to chaos via “tire-like” torus doubling.     

Hopf-flip bifurcations of vibratory systems with impacts

Two vibro-impact systems are considered. The period n single-impact motions and Poincaré maps of the vibro-impact systems are derived analytically. Stability and local bifurcations of single-impact periodic motions are analyzed by using the Poincaré maps. A center manifold theorem technique is applied to reduce the Poincaré map to a three-dimensional one, and the normal form map associated with Hopf-flip bifurcation is obtained. It is found that near the point of codim 2 bifurcation there exists not only Hopf bifurcation of period one single-impact motion, but also Hopf bifurcation of period two double-impact motion. Period doubling bifurcation of period one single-impact motion is commonly existent near the point of codim 2 bifurcation. However, no period doubling cascade emerges due to change of the type of period two fixed points and occurrence of Hopf bifurcation associated with period two fixed points. The results from simulation shows that there exists an interest torus doubling bifurcation occurring near the value of Hopf-flip bifurcation. The torus doubling bifurcation makes the quasi-periodic attractor associated with period one single-impact motion transit to the other quasi-periodic attractor represented by two attracting closed circles. The torus bifurcation is qualitatively different from the typical torus doubling bifurcation occurring in the vibro-impact systems.     

Bifurcation analysis on a generalized recurrent neural network with two interconnected three-neuron components

A class of recurrent neural networks is constructed by generalizing a specific class of n-neuron networks. It is shown that the newly constructed network experiences generic pitchfork and Hopf codimension one bifurcations. It is also proved that the emergence of generic Bogdanov–Takens, pitchfork–Hopf and Hopf–Hopf codimension two, and the degenerate Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation points in the parameter space is possible due to the intersections of codimension one bifurcation curves. The occurrence of bifurcations of higher codimensions significantly increases the capability of the newly constructed recurrent neural network to learn broader families of periodic signals.     

Normal form for the symmetry-breaking bifurcation in the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

We derive and justify a normal form reduction of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation for a general pitchfork bifurcation of the symmetric bound state that occurs in a double-well symmetric potential. We prove persistence of normal form dynamics for both supercritical and subcritical pitchfork bifurcations in the time-dependent solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation over long but finite time intervals.     

Classification of Solitary Wave Bifurcations in Generalized Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations

Bifurcations of solitary waves are classified for the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations with arbitrary nonlinearities and external potentials in arbitrary spatial dimensions. Analytical conditions are derived for three major types of solitary wave bifurcations, namely, saddle‐node, pitchfork, and transcritical bifurcations. Shapes of power diagrams near these bifurcations are also obtained. It is shown that for pitchfork and transcritical bifurcations, their power diagrams look differently from their familiar solution‐bifurcation diagrams. Numerical examples for these three types of bifurcations are given as well. Of these numerical examples, one shows a transcritical bifurcation, which is the first report of transcritical bifurcations in the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Another shows a power loop phenomenon which contains several saddle‐node bifurcations, and a third example shows double pitchfork bifurcations. These numerical examples are in good agreement with the analytical results.     

Dynamics of Two Point Vortices in an External Compressible Shear Flow

This paper is concerned with a system of equations that describes the motion of two point vortices in a flow possessing constant uniform vorticity and perturbed by an acoustic wave. The system is shown to have both regular and chaotic regimes of motion. In addition, simple and chaotic attractors are found in the system. Attention is given to bifurcations of fixed points of a Poincaré map which lead to the appearance of these regimes. It is shown that, in the case where the total vortex strength changes, the “reversible pitch-fork” bifurcation is a typical scenario of emergence of asymptotically stable fixed and periodic points. As a result of this bifurcation, a saddle point, a stable and an unstable point of the same period emerge from an elliptic point of some period. By constructing and analyzing charts of dynamical regimes and bifurcation diagrams we show that a cascade of period-doubling bifurcations is a typical scenario of transition to chaos in the system under consideration.