Friction and wear of certain thermoplastic materials in physiological solution

The wear resistance of certain thermoplastics has been subjected to comparative investigation together with the velocity dependence of the coefficients of friction at various pressures and after various periods of contact with a model physiological solution.Priorov Central Scientific-Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics. Moscow Technological Institute of the Food Industry. Second Moscow Pirogov State Medical Institute. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 6, pp. 1116–1119, November–December, 1971.     

A representation of the Mayer expansion coefficients and virial coefficients

All-Union Correspondence Institute of the Foodstuffs Industry. Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 84, No. 2, pp. 279–289, August, 1990.     

Dynamic mechanical properties of multicomponent polymeric compositions

The mechanical relaxation processes in rubber-polymer compositions have been investigated by the forced nonresonance vibration method. A method of evaluating black-filled polymer mixtures with advantages over microscopic methods is proposed.Scientific-Research Institute of the Tire Industry, Moscow. V. I. Lenin Moscow State Pedagogical Institute, Laboratory of Problems in Polymer Physics. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 1, pp. 138–141, January–February, 1970.     

Effect of modification on the structure and and mechanical properties of chlorosulfonated polyethylene films

Structure formation in chlorosulfonated polyethylene films is described. Modification with phenol-formaldehyde resin leads to a change in the supermolecular structures, which are stabilized by introducing 1% aluminum diisobutoxymonoacetoacetate into the system. It is shown that modifying the chlorosulfonated polyethylene leads to the formation of stable supermolecular structures and a considerable improvement in the mechanical properties of the films.State Scientific-Research and Planning Institute of the Paint and Varnish Industry, Moscow. Karpov Scientific-Research Physico-Chemical Institute. Riga Polytechnic Institute. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 3, pp. 387–390, May–June, 1969.     

Effect of loading on the roughness set in run-in metal - rubber surfaces

A study has been made on the effect of loading on the roughness set of a metal surface run-in with rubber containing an SKN-18 + SKN-26 nitrile rubber blend in conditions of friction without lubrication. The experimental results are compared with those calculated.State Scientific-Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Moscow. Scientific-Research Institute of the Rubber Industry, Moscow. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 4, pp. 737–740, July–August, 1972.     

Creep and length of life of polycarbonate in aggressive media

Experimental data regarding creep of polycarbonate in air, water, and 10% citric acid are presented. It is shown that there is a correlation between the rate of creep and the length of life of polycarbonate, which enables its long term strength to be predicted.Food Industry Technological Institute, Moscow. D. I. Medeleev Institute of Chemical Technology, Moscow. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 4, pp. 725–727, July–August, 1972.     

Vulcanization of mixtures of cured and raw rubbers in a shock wave

The authors show that current pulses arise in rubber mixtures and steel rods under the influence of a shock wave.All-Union Scientific-Research and Construction-Technological Institute of the Rubber Industry, Volzhskii. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 2, pp. 348–349, March–April, 1974.     

Changes in the supermolecular structure and physico-mechanical properties of a polycarbonate subjected to supplementary heat treatment

The possibility of modifying the supermolecular structure of polycarbonate by suitable supplementary heat treatment is demonstrated. An improvement in the physico-mechanical and service properties controlled by the supermolecular structure of the polycarbonate is noted.Departmental Plastics Laboratory, Ministry of the Machine-Tool and Tool Industry of the USSR, Moscow. Moscow Mendeleev Chemical Engineering Institute. State Scientific-Research Institute of Machine Science, Moscow. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 347–349, March–April, 1969.     

Calculation of the resistance to the flow of polymeric systems through short channels

A method is proposed for calculating the pressure drop associated with the flow of polymeric systems (solutions, melts, and rubber blends) through short capillaries in which the steady-state flow regime is not established. The method is based on the assumption that the duration of deformation in the prestationary stage plays a decisive role. The results of the calculations are in good agreement with the experimental data.All-Union Scientific-Research and Design-Engineering Institute of the Rubber Industry, Volzhskii. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Volgograd Polytechnic Institute. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 1, pp. 171–174, January–February, 1973.     

Method of determining the coefficient of friction of polymer monofilaments

An instrument for determining the coefficient of friction of technical polymer monofilaments (100 µ or more in diameter) under various conditions is described and the experimental procedure is explained.Gubkin Moscow Institute of the Petrochemical and Gas Industry. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 4, pp. 729–731, July–August, 1971.     

Effect of multiple extension on the thermal degradation of triacetate fiber

The effect of multiple extension on the vacuum thermal degradation of triacetate fiber, in the starting state and treated with hot air or saturated steam, has been experimentally investigated.Lithuanian Scientific-Research Institute of the Textile Industry, Kaunas. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 6, pp. 1114–1116, November–December, 1971.     

Effect of structural changes in amorphous polymer films on the mechanical properties of coatings

The effect of structure formation on the mechanical properties of amorphous paint films has been investigated. It is shown that the organization of the supermolecular formations affects the internal stresses and adhesion of the film and, moreover, their tensile and impact strengths over a broad temperature interval. Fibrillar and "reticulate" structures give the best mechanical properties.State Scientific-Research and Planning Institute of the Paint Industry, Moscow. L. Ya. Karpov Physicochemical Institute, Moscow. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 4, No. 5, pp. 771–775, September–October, 1968.     

Transition functions of the Il'yushin approximation method

Transition functions are constructed whose direct substitution for combinations of elastic constants in solutions of problems of elasticity theory permits writing the solution of the corresponding viscoelastic problems. Examples of using the transition functions for obtaining solutions of viscoelastic problems are given: circularly symmetric solid and anular plates, plate with a small circular hole, and viscoelastic half-plane loaded by a concentrated force.M. M. Gubkin Moscow Institute of the Petrochemical and Gas Industry. Moscow Institute of Electronic Engineering. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 405–416, May–June, 1973.     

Investigation of the deformation of a rubbery network polymer (SKN-40) in various types of states of stress

From the experimental data on equilibrium uniaxial and nonsymmetrical and symmetrical biaxial tension and pure and mixed shear it follows that the deformation behavior of SKN-40 crosslinked butadiene-nitrile copolymer is more accurately described by the Bartenev-Khazanovich high-elastic potential. The potential of the classical statistical theory of high elasticity of network polymers does not describe different types of states of stress with the same value of the material constant.Lenin Moscow State Pedagogical Institute, Laboratory for Problems in Polymer Physics. Leningrad Branch of the Scientific-Research Institute of the Rubber Industry. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 5, pp. 840–845, September–October, 1971.     

Deformation behavior of a filled nitrile vulcanizate in various states of stress

On the basis of experimental data obtained in uniaxial and symmetrical and nonsymmetrical biaxial tension and pure shear, the deformation behavior of unfilled and filled butadiene-nitrile rubbers is described by means of the Bartenev-Khazanovich one-parameter high-elastic potential.Leningrad Branch of the Scientific-Research Institute of the Rubber Industry. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 2, pp. 363–366, March–April, 1972.     

Vibrorelaxation of stresses in rubbers

Stress relaxation which occurs on applying a periodic deformation at constant amplitude and infrasonic frequencies to a uniaxially compressed rubber sample is studied experimentally. The application of vibrations during stress relaxation leads to an additional reduction in the relaxing stress. This process is called vibrorelaxation. The extent of the additional reduction in stress during vibrorelaxation increases substantially on raising the content of activating filler in the rubber.Leningrad Branch, Scientific-Research Institute of the Rubber Industry. V. I. Lenin Moscow State Pedagogic Institute, Problem Laboratory of Polymer Physics. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 4, pp. 720–723, July–August, 1972.     

Study of the autoadhesion of polyethylene -polyisobutylene compositions

The autoadhesion of polyethylene-polyisobutylene compositions is shown to depend importantly on contact pressure. The introduction of a filler may increase or reduce the autoadhesion of the composition. The experimental results are explained in terms of the diffusion theory of autoadhesion.Moldavian Scientific-Research Institute of the Food Industry, Kishinev. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 3, pp. 532–534, May–June, 1971.     

Intensity of mechanical action and mechanical degradation of rigid polymers

The authors have investigated the relation between the degradation of rigid carbon-chain polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, and polymethyl methacrylate polymers with the kinetics of mechanical degradation during vibromilling. They determine the critical value of the intensity necessary for the onset of the degradation process.Moscow Technological Institute of Light Industry. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 2, pp. 362–364, March–April, 1974.     

Some relationships between the specific functions and constants of visoelastic media

It is proved that the shear, lateral creep, and relaxation functions can be expressed in an elementary way by the longitudinal creep and relaxation functions and the elasticity modulus of the bulk.I. M. Gubkin Moscow Institute of Petrochemical and Gas Industry. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 5, pp. 810–814, September–October, 1973.     

Dynamic modulus of elasticity and resistance to mechanical breakdown of individual polymers and their mixtures

It is shown that when polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl acetate, and an ultramicroheterogeneous mixture of polyvinyl acetate and polymethyl methacrylate are vibroground in the brittle state, the resistance of the system to mechanical breakdown is determined by its elastic properties.Moscow Technological Institute of the Wood Industry. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 4, pp. 744–745, July–August, 1969.