一种新的振荡型DGPM(1,N|sin)模型及其应用

针对传统多变量灰色模型未能有效预测振荡序列的问题,提出一种新的振荡型DGPM(1,N|sin)模型.首先,将非线性时间周期项和时变参数引入离散灰色预测模型;然后,建立非线性规划模型,利用遗传算法确定最优参数;最后,将该模型应用于中国消费价格指数的预测中,验证了本文模型的有效性和适用性.结果显示,振荡型DGPM(1,N|sin)模型有较高的预测精度,为振荡序列的预测提供了有效方法.     

导数振荡与应变能极小的平面分段三次参数Hermite插值

由于分段三次参数Hermite插值的切矢往往被作为变量,故可对其进行优化以使得构造的插值曲线满足特定的要求.为了构造兼具保形性与光顺性的平面分段三次参数Hermite插值曲线,给出了一种通过同时极小化导数振荡和应变能来确定切矢的方法.首先以导数振荡函数和应变能函数为双目标建立了切矢满足的方程系统;然后证明了方程系统存在唯一解,并给出了解的具体表达式;最后给出了误差分析,并通过数值算例表明方法的有效性.结果表明,相对于导数振荡极小化方法和应变能极小化方法,所提出的导数振荡和应变能极小化方法同时兼顾了平面分段三次参数Hermite插值曲线的保形性和光顺性.     

Gauss白噪声激励下的永磁同步电动机模型的分岔分析北大核心CSCD

针对永磁同步电动机(PMSM)模型引入Gauss白噪声,根据极坐标变换和随机平均法得到系统It8随机微分方程,并计算出系统概率密度函数,通过数值模拟揭示了系统P-分岔的机理.此外,探讨了系统在双参数空间中的复杂动力学,仿真结果表明在参数空间中出现了大量的“鱼”形周期区域,并且这些“鱼”形周期区域不可避免地受到噪声的影响变得紊乱.值得注意的是,从数值模拟结果中发现了一个新的现象,一定的噪声强度下,可以诱导系统在周期振荡区域内的收敛行为,这也表明了噪声对系统影响的双面性.     

剪切载荷作用下含损伤胶接材料界面动应力强度因子的研究

主要针对剪切载荷作用下,胶接材料接合区域界面裂纹尖端动态应力强度因子进行了分析,其中考虑了裂尖区域的损伤．通过积分变换,引入位错密度函数,奇异积分方程被简化为代数方程,并采用配点法求解;最后经过Laplace逆变换,得到动态应力强度因子的时间响应．Ⅱ型动应力强度因子随着黏弹性胶层的剪切松弛参量、弹性基底的剪切模量和Poisson比的增加而增大;随膨胀松弛参量的增加而减小．损伤屏蔽发生在裂纹扩展的起始阶段．裂纹尖端的奇异性指数(-0.5)是与材料参数、损伤程度和时间无关的,而振荡指数由黏弹性材料参数控制．     

平面Gunn器件中的雪崩弛豫振荡

为了寻找一个高效率的固体振荡器,我们研究了Gunn二极管中的雪崩弛豫振荡。本文描述有源区比较短的平面Gunn器件,在数倍于阚值的强场下工作时出现的雪崩弛豫振荡,这种振荡现象归结于畴雪崩后的电子空穴对的周期性出现和消失。它的振幅可以比Gunn振荡大得多,而频率比Gunn振荡小几倍,并且受外电路参数影响很大,在负载匹配好的情况下,粗略地测得总效率可达36％。     

二维超音速混合层增强混合的研究

数值模拟了二维超音速混合层在入口处引入T-S波和在低速部分加入沿流向的振荡这两种不同的激励方式后流动的演化.结果表明，对于对流Mach数小于１的超音速混合层，两种方法均可增强混合，而加入振荡比引入T-S波更为有效.对加入振荡方式，还系统计算分析了各种参数对混合的影响.     

第五类Painlevé方程解的渐近性态分析

本文用比较直接的方法研究Painleve方程的渐近解和连同公式:(1)先求出数值解,然后用最小二乘法拟合出最佳渐近解;(2)根据最佳渐近解的表达形式,用谐波平衡法得到振荡渐近解与参数之间的依赖关系,即连同公式．当参数α,β,γ和δ满足一些条件时,对一般实的第五类Painleve方程,我们找出了振荡渐近解和连同公式．     

基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法的次同步附加阻尼控制器的优化设计

针对直驱永磁同步风电机组中出现的次同步振荡问题,建立引入次同步阻尼控制器(sub-synchronous oscillation damping controller,SSDC)后的直驱风电机组完整数学模型,在此基础上,以振荡模态特征值实部和阻尼比为目标函数建立了SSDC参数多目标优化模型.针对改进非支配解排序遗传算法(improved nondominated sorting genetic algorithm,NSGA-Ⅱ)在参数优化时种群多样性较差的问题,对其选择策略进行了改进,然后将改进后的NSGA-Ⅱ算法引入到SSDC参数优化设计中,利用空间评价方法对解集进行评价,结果表明采用改进算法所获得的Pareto最优解分布更加均匀.最后通过特征值分析和仿真验证,进一步证实了文章所优化设计得到的SSDC对发生在直驱风电机组的次同步振荡抑制具有显著效果.     

温盐双扩散系统对流扩散周期解的线性与非线性稳定性分析

本文对温盐双扩散系统的稳定性问题引入了一种简洁的强非线性自治系统稳定性的分析方法，用摄动理论得到了无穷小运动下线性周期解的单调与振荡分支的存在范围及有限振幅运动下非线性周期解的振荡分支在０＜ｒｓ－ｒｓｃ＜＜１条件下的存在区域及稳定性区域，给出了不同涡旋方向下的稳定性结论．     

基于终端滑模模糊神经网络的电力系统负荷频率控制研究

针对区域互联电力系统受到风电及负荷扰动后,系统频率会出现大幅度波动问题,提出一种基于终端滑模模糊神经网络的多区域互联电力系统负荷频率控制(LFC)方法。在分析单一区域电力系统有功输出特性的基础上,建立计及多区域有功输出的互联电力系统负荷频率控制模型。采用自适应逆控制,有效的解决系统响应和扰动抑制的矛盾。将终端滑模模糊神经网络引入自适应逆系统,构建模糊神经网络辨识器,利用终端滑模在有限时间内可实现无静差跟踪的特点,进一步提高神经网络的辨识能力。仿真结果表明所设计的基于终端滑模模糊神经网络的自适应逆系统,不仅可以得到好的动态响应,还可以使风电及负荷扰动减小到最小。     

A modified Primal–Dual Logarithmic-Barrier Method for solving the Optimal Power Flow problem with discrete and continuous control variables

The aim of solving the Optimal Power Flow problem is to determine the optimal state of an electric power transmission system, that is, the voltage magnitude and phase angles and the tap ratios of the transformers that optimize the performance of a given system, while satisfying its physical and operating constraints. The Optimal Power Flow problem is modeled as a large-scale mixed-discrete nonlinear programming problem. This paper proposes a method for handling the discrete variables of the Optimal Power Flow problem. A penalty function is presented. Due to the inclusion of the penalty function into the objective function, a sequence of nonlinear programming problems with only continuous variables is obtained and the solutions of these problems converge to a solution of the mixed problem. The obtained nonlinear programming problems are solved by a Primal–Dual Logarithmic-Barrier Method. Numerical tests using the IEEE 14, 30, 118 and 300-Bus test systems indicate that the method is efficient.     

A spectral projection method for transmission eigenvalues

We consider a nonlinear integral eigenvalue problem, which is a reformulation of the transmission eigenvalue problem arising in the inverse scattering theory. The boundary element method is employed for discretization, which leads to a generalized matrix eigenvalue problem. We propose a novel method based on the spectral projection. The method probes a given region on the complex plane using contour integrals and decides whether the region contains eigenvalue(s) or not. It is particularly suitable to test whether zero is an eigenvalue of the generalized eigenvalue problem, which in turn implies that the associated wavenumber is a transmission eigenvalue. Effectiveness and efficiency of the new method are demonstrated by numerical examples.     

Coherent Swing Instability of Power Grids

We interpret and explain a phenomenon in short-term swing dynamics of multi-machine power grids that we term the Coherent Swing Instability (CSI). This is an undesirable and emergent phenomenon of synchronous machines in a power grid, in which most of the machines in a sub-grid coherently lose synchronism with the rest of the grid after being subjected to a finite disturbance. We develop a minimal mathematical model of CSI for synchronous machines that are strongly coupled in a loop transmission network and weakly connected to the infinite bus. This model provides a dynamical origin of CSI: it is related to the escape from a potential well, or, more precisely, to exit across a separatrix in the dynamical system for the amplitude of the weak nonlinear mode that governs the collective motion of the machines. The linear oscillations between strongly coupled machines then act as perturbations on the nonlinear mode. Thus we reveal how the three different mode oscillations??local plant, inter-machine, and inter-area modes??interact to destabilize a power grid. Furthermore, we present a phenomenon of short-term swing dynamics in the New England (NE) 39-bus test system, which is a well-known benchmark model for power grid stability studies. Using a partial linearization of the nonlinear swing equations and the proper orthonormal decomposition, we show that CSI occurs in the NE test system, because it is a dynamical system with a nonlinear mode that is weak relative to the linear oscillatory modes.     

Using a Volterra system model to analyze nonlinear response in video-packet transmission over IP networks

This paper presents a Volterra system-based nonlinear analysis of video-packet transmission over IP networks. With the Volterra system, which is applicable to the modeling of nonlinear dynamic systems from sets of input and output data, we applied a time-series analysis of measured data for network response evaluation. In a test-bed connected to the Internet, we measured two parameters: the time intervals between consecutive packets from a video server at the originating side, and the transmission time of packets between originating and terminating sides. We used these as input and output data for the Volterra system and confirmed that the relative error of this model changed with conditions of network systems, which suggested that the packet transmission process affected the degree of nonlinearity of the system. The proposed method can reproduce the time-series responses observed in video-packet transmission over the Internet, reflecting nonlinear dynamic behaviors such that the obtained results provided us with an effective depiction of network conditions at different times.     

Solving nonconvex economic load dispatch problem using particle swarm optimization with time varying acceleration coefficients

This article presents the design and application of an efficient hybrid heuristic search method to solve the practical economic dispatch problem considering many nonlinear characteristics of power generators, and their operational constraints, such as transmission losses, valve‐point effects, multi‐fuel options, prohibited operating zones, ramp rate limits and spinning reserve. These practical operation constraints which can usually be found at the same time in realistic power system operations make the economic load dispatch (ELD) problem a nonsmooth optimization problem having complex and nonconvex features with heavy equality and inequality constraints. A particle swarm optimization with time varying acceleration coefficients is proposed to determine optimal ELD problem in this paper. The proposed methodology easily takes care of solving nonconvex ELD problems along with different constraints like transmission losses, dynamic operation constraints, and prohibited operating zones. The proposed approach has been implemented on the 3‐machines 6‐bus, IEEE 5‐machines 14‐bus, IEEE 6‐machines 30‐bus systems and 13 thermal units power system. The proposed technique is compared with solve the ELD problem with hybrid approach by using the valve‐point effect. The comparison results prove the capability of the proposed method give significant improvements in the generation cost for the ELD problem. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 299–308, 2016     

Stability performance for primary frequency regulation of hydro-turbine governing system with surge tank

This paper aims to study the stability for primary frequency regulation of hydro-turbine governing system with surge tank. Firstly, a novel nonlinear mathematical model of hydro-turbine governing system considering the nonlinear characteristic of penstock head loss is introduced. The nonlinear state equations under opening control mode and power control mode are derived. Then, the nonlinear dynamic performance of nonlinear hydro-turbine governing system is investigated based on the stable domain for primary frequency regulation. New feature of the nonlinear hydro-turbine governing system caused by the nonlinear characteristic of penstock head loss is described by comparing with a linear model, and the effect mechanism of nonlinear characteristic of penstock head loss is revealed. Finally, the concept of critical stable sectional area of surge tank for primary frequency regulation is proposed and the analytical solution is derived. The combined tuning and optimization method of governor parameters and sectional area of surge tank is proposed. The results indicate that for the primary frequency regulation under opening control mode and power control mode, the nonlinear hydro-turbine governing system is absolutely stable and conditionally stable, respectively. The stability of the nonlinear hydro-turbine governing system and linear hydro-turbine governing system is the same under opening control model and different under power control model. The nonlinear characteristic of penstock head loss mainly affects the initial stage of dynamic response process of power output, and then changes the stability of the nonlinear system. The critical stable sectional area of surge tank makes the system reach critical stable state. The governor parameters and critical stable sectional area of surge tank jointly determine the distributions of stability states.     

Fuzzy control of thyristor-controlled series compensator in power system transients

Power system transient stability is one of the most challenging technical areas in electric power industry. Thyristor-controlled series compensation (TCSC) is expected to improve transient stability and damp power oscillations. TCSC control in power system transients is a nonlinear control problem. This paper presents a T–S-model-based fuzzy control scheme and a systematic design method for the TCSC fuzzy controller. The nonlinear power system containing TCSC is modelled as a fuzzy “blending” of a set of locally linearized models. A linear optimal control is designed for each local linear model. Different control requirements at different stages during power system transients can be considered in deriving the linear control rules. The resulting fuzzy controller is then a fuzzy “blending” of these linear controllers. Quadratic stability of the overall nonlinear controlled system can be checked and ensured using H^∞ control theory. Digital simulation with NETOMAC software has verified that the fuzzy control scheme can improve power system transient stability and damp power swings very quickly.     

Finding all Solutions of Systems of Nonlinear Equations Using the Dual Simplex Method

An efficient algorithm is proposed for finding all solutions of nonlinear equations using linear programming (LP). This algorithm is based on a simple test (termed the LP test) for nonexistence of a solution to a system of nonlinear equations in a given region. In the conventional LP test, the system of nonlinear equations is transformed into an LP problem, to which the simplex method is applied. However, although the LP test is very powerful, it requires many pivotings for each region. In this paper, we use the dual simplex method in the LP test, which makes the average number of pivotings per region much smaller (less than one, for example) and makes the algorithm very efficient. By numerical examples, it is shown that the proposed algorithm can find all solutions of systems of 200 nonlinear equations in practical computation time.     

功率谱法在隔震桥梁抗震分析中的应用研究

隔震桥梁在地震作用下一般要求墩、梁保持弹性,主要通过非线性构件隔震支座耗散地震能量,属于典型的局部非线性问题,目前主要采用反应谱法和非线性时程法进行抗震分析.对功率谱法在隔震桥梁抗震分析中的应用开展研究,通过一具体实例,建立了结构三维动力有限元计算模型,并根据设计加速度反应谱生成与其匹配的设计加速度功率谱,借助虚拟激励法实施了抗震分析,同反应谱法和非线性时程法计算结果进行了对比分析,结果表明功率谱法和反应谱法以及非线性时程法计算结果具有较好的一致性.     

粘弹性板混沌振动的输出变量反馈线性化控制

研究了粘弹性板混沌振动的控制问题·　应用非线性系统精确线性化控制理论导出了一类非仿射控制系统的非线性反馈控制律·　建立了描述材料非线性的粘弹性板运动的数学模型并利用Ｃａｌｅｒｋｉｎ 方法进行简化·　采用相空间曲线和频率谱密度函数说明了在特定参数条件下系统将出现混沌振动,并以位移为输出变量将混沌振动控制为给定的周期运动·