基于比例边界有限元法和灰狼优化算法的裂纹尖端位置识别

基于比例边界有限元法(SBFEM)和灰狼优化(GWO)算法,提出了一种裂纹尖端识别方法。首先,借助SBFEM解决断裂力学问题特有的优势,快速准确地计算出反演所需的测点位移,并验证了正问题求解的正确性。其次,建立与裂纹尖端位置有关的目标函数,将求解裂纹尖端位置转换为求解目标函数最小值的优化问题。最后,采用GWO算法对目标函数进行了优化,进而搜索裂纹尖端的最佳位置。数值算例结果表明:利用SBFEM的高精度、半解析的优点,在反演过程中采用其求解正问题是非常有效的;GWO算法具有良好的全局收敛性,且相比经典的粒子群算法,能够更快速准确地搜索出裂纹尖端的位置;GWO算法具有较好的抗噪性。     

Ⅲ型弹粘塑性/刚性界面裂纹的定常扩展裂尖场

考虑裂纹尖端的奇异性和粘性效应,建立了双材料界面扩展裂纹尖端的弹粘塑性控制方程．引入界面裂纹尖端的位移势函数和边界条件,对刚性-弹粘塑性界面Ⅲ型界面裂纹进行了数值分析,求得了界面裂纹尖端应力应变场,并讨论了界面裂纹尖端场随各影响参数的变化规律．计算结果表明,粘性效应是研究界面扩展裂纹尖端场时的一个主要因素,界面裂纹尖端为弹粘性场,其场受材料的粘性系数、Mach数和奇异性指数控制．     

反平面剪切动态扩展裂纹尖端的弹-粘塑性场

采用Bingham弹性-粘塑性模型对反平面剪切动态扩展裂纹尖端的应力应变场进行了渐近分析．给出了适当的位移模式、推导了渐近方程并且给出了数值解．分析和计算表明对于低粘性情况,裂纹尖端场具有对数奇异性．对于高粘性情况,裂纹尖场具有幂奇异性A·D2对于临界情况,两种奇异性可以相互转换．揭示了粘性在裂纹尖端场研究中的重要作用．     

Ⅰ型动态扩展裂纹尖端的弹粘-理想塑性场

由于材料在扩展裂纹尖端的粘性效应的存在,考虑粘性效应并假设粘性系数与塑性等效应变率的幂次成反比,对理想塑性材料中平面应变扩展裂纹尖端场进行了弹粘塑性渐近分析,得到了不含间断的连续解,并讨论了Ⅰ型裂纹数值解的性质随各参数的变化规律．分析表明,应力和应变均具有幂奇异性,通过分析使尖端场的弹、粘、塑性可以合理匹配．对于Ⅰ型裂纹,裂尖场不含弹性卸载区．趋于极限情况时,裂纹尖端处于一种超粘性状态,并积聚了大量的能量,在各个受压应力状态下裂纹扩展．     

弹性-粘塑性材料Ⅰ型动态扩展裂纹尖端场的渐近解

提出了一种新的弹性-粘塑性模型用于分析Ⅰ型动态扩展裂纹尖端的应力应变场.给出了适当的位移模式,推导了渐近方程并且给出了数值解.分析和计算表明:对于低粘性情况,裂纹尖端场具有对数奇异性;对于高粘性情况,渐近方程无解.分析比较表明该结果具有高玉臣提出的单参数解的所有优点,并且消除了粘性区随裂纹扩展而移动的不足.     

求解双材料裂纹结构全域应力场的扩展边界元法

在线弹性理论中,复合材料裂纹尖端具有多重应力奇异性,常规数值方法不易求解.该文建立的扩展边界元法(XBEM)对围绕尖端区域位移函数采用自尖端径向距离r的渐近级数展开式表达,其幅值系数作为基本未知量,而尖端外部区域采用常规边界元法离散方程.两方程联立求解可获得裂纹结构完整的位移和应力场.对两相材料裂纹结构尖端的两个材料域分别采用合理的应力特征对,然后对其进行计算,通过计算结果的对比分析,表明了扩展边界元法求解两相材料裂纹结构全域应力场的准确性和有效性.     

正交异性理想塑性材料平面应力问题的裂纹尖端应力场

本文在裂纹尖端场的应力分量仅仅是θ的函数的假设下,利用Hill屈服准则和平衡方程导出了正交异性理想塑性材料平面应力问题中裂纹尖端场的微分方程;在允许应力不连续线存在的情况下,把解析表达和数值计算法结合起来,得到了Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型裂纹尖端的应力场.     

含有多条径向微裂纹的哈氏皮质骨

将哈氏皮质骨看作纤维增强型复合材料,考虑了存在于哈氏皮质骨间质组织中的多条径向微裂纹问题.根据线弹性断裂理论,讨论了骨单位中骨密质和微裂纹群之间的相互影响.运用位错技术和奇异积分方程求解,得到了微裂纹尖端应力强度因子的数值结果.通过把此模型的数值结果与纤维陶瓷基底模型的结果比较,说明了哈氏管道的存在对微裂纹尖端应力强度因子的影响.     

弹性—粘塑性材料I型动态扩展裂纹尖端场的渐近解

提出了一种新的弹性－粘塑性模型用于分析I型动态扩展裂纹尖端的应力应变场。给出了适当的位移模式，推导了渐近方程并且给出了数值解。分析和计算表明：对于低粘性情况，裂纹尖端场具有对数奇异性；对于高粘性情况，渐近方程无解。分析比较表明该结果具有高压臣提出的单参数解的所有优点，并且消除了粘性区随裂纹扩展而移动的不足。     

一维六方压电准晶双材料界面共线裂纹问题北大核心CSCD

利用复变函数理论中的解析延拓、奇性主部分析和推广的Liouville定理,求解了一维六方压电准晶双材料在集中载荷作用下界面共线裂纹反平面弹性问题.导出了含有一条和两条有限长界面裂纹的封闭解,同时给出了裂纹尖端场强度因子(包含声子场和相位子场应力强度因子和电位移强度因子)的表达式.数值算例分析了外荷载与耦合系数之比对裂纹尖端场强度因子变化规律的影响.从数值结果中可以看出,当裂纹长度增加时,裂纹尖端场强度因子随之增加;应力强度因子随双材料耦合系数之比的增大而增大,电位移强度因子几乎不变;不同载荷作用下,裂纹尖端场强度因子随着裂纹长度改变时的变化趋势也不尽相同.研究结果可为压电准晶双材料的设计和制备提供一定的理论参考.     

Crack growth modeling via 3D automatic adaptive mesh refinement based on modified-SPR technique

In this paper, the three-dimensional automatic adaptive mesh refinement is presented in modeling the crack propagation based on the modified superconvergent patch recovery technique. The technique is developed for the mixed mode fracture analysis of different fracture specimens. The stress intensity factors are calculated at the crack tip region and the crack propagation is determined by applying a proper crack growth criterion. An automatic adaptive mesh refinement is employed on the basis of modified superconvergent patch recovery (MSPR) technique to simulate the crack growth by applying the asymptotic crack tip solution and using the collapsed quarter-point singular tetrahedral elements at the crack tip region. A-posteriori error estimator is used based on the Zienkiewicz–Zhu method to estimate the error of fracture parameters and predict the crack path pattern. Finally, the efficiency and accuracy of proposed computational algorithm is demonstrated by several numerical examples.     

Numerical crack path prediction considering orthotropic effects and experimental verification

For a reliable prediction of crack paths, on the one hand the accurate calculation of crack tip loading quantities is inevitable, on the other hand orthotropic features of the fracture toughness need to be taken into account. The interplay of crack tip loading and material response due to fracture is still unclear and seems to have a crucial effect on crack path predictions. Numerical tools for the accurate calculation of crack tip loading quantities using path-invariant J-integrals and interaction integrals (I-integral) are presented. Here, global approaches are beneficial when considering crack tips approaching other crack faces or internal boundaries. Curved crack faces have to be taken into account and special treatment regarding crack face integrals is necessary. Experimental investigations are carried out at standard CT-specimens of rolled aluminum alloy Al-7075 exhibiting a directional orthotropy of the fracture toughness. Considering that property, the numerically predicted crack paths based on FE calculations show very good agreement with subcritically grown paths obtained from experiments. (© 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

基于裂纹尖端二阶弹性解的断裂过程区尺度

基于Westergaard应力函数裂纹尖端二阶弹性解,推导了裂纹尖端微裂区的轮廓线和特征尺寸的解析表达式;采用幂函数模型描述的拉应变软化模型,确定了在最大拉应力强度理论和最大拉应变强度理论下断裂过程区（FPZ）临界值的解析表达式;将基于Westergaard应力函数一阶弹性解及二阶弹性解、Muskhelishvili应力函数和Duan-Nakagawa模型确定的FPZ临界值进行了比较．结果表明裂纹尖端微裂区和FPZ临界值随着Poisson比的减小而增加并逐渐趋近于应用最大拉应力强度理论确定的结果;二阶弹性解确定的裂纹尖端微裂区和FPZ临界值大于一阶弹性解的值;FPZ临界值随着拉应变软化指数的增加而增加;二阶弹性解确定的FPZ临界值的精度远高于一阶弹性解确定的值.     

各向异性材料动态裂纹扩展特性和动态应力强度因子

基于各向异性材料力学,研究了无限大各向异性材料中Ⅲ型裂纹的动态扩展问题．裂纹尖端的应力和位移被表示为解析函数的形式,解析函数可以表达为幂级数的形式,幂级数的系数由边界条件确定．确定了Ⅲ型裂纹的动态应力强度因子的表达式,得到了裂纹尖端的应力分量、应变分量和位移分量．裂纹扩展特性由裂纹扩展速度M和参数alpha反映,裂纹扩展越快,裂纹尖端的应力分量和位移分量越大;参数alpha对裂纹尖端的应力分量和位移分量有重要影响．     

Global approaches for accurate loading analyses and crack path predictions at single and two-cracks systems

Based on the work by Eshelby, the path-independent J_k-, M-, L- and interaction- or I_k-integrals were introduced and applied to cracks for the accurate calculation of crack tip loading quantities. Applying the FE-method to solve boundary value problems with cracks, numerically inaccurate values are observed within the crack tip region affecting the accuracy of local approaches. Simulating crack paths, local approaches face further problems as cracks are running towards interfaces, internal boundaries or other crack faces. Within global approaches, path-independent integrals are calculated along remote contours far from the crack tip, essentially exploiting numerically reliable data requiring special treatment only for the near-tip crack faces. To provide path-independence, additional integrals along interfaces, internal boundaries and crack faces are necessary. In this paper, new global approaches of path-independent integrals are presented and applied to the calculation of crack paths at two-cracks systems. A second focus is directed to the accurate loading analysis and crack path prediction considering anisotropic properties and material interfaces. The numerical model provides crack paths which are in good agreement with those obtained from crack growth experiments. (© 2015 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Crack growth in elastic materials with internal boundaries and interfaces

This work presents numerical methods used for predicting crack paths in technical structures based on the theory of linear elastic fracture mechanics. The FE-method is used in combination with an efficient remeshing algorithm and a post processor to calculate crack tip loading. The interaction of cracks and internal boundaries and interfaces is investigated. (© 2012 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Experimental study about nano-deformation field near quasi-cleavage crack tip

Using the nano-moiré method, we measure the near tip nanoscopic deformation on the [111] plane of single crystal silicon with a loaded quasi-cleavage crack running in the [110] direction. The measured strain distribution ahead of the crack tip agrees with the linear elastic fracture mechanics prediction up to 10 nm from the crack tip. Dislocations of Peierls type are detected and they extend from the crack tip over a length of hundreds of Burgers vectors.     

轴对称金属模具电磁热裂纹止裂中热应力场的分析

为求解金属模具脉冲放电止裂瞬间裂纹尖端附近的热应力场,选择具有半埋藏环形裂纹的金属凹模为研究对象,采用复变函数方法求解了凹模内外环面均匀通入强脉冲电流放电止裂时的热应力场．理论分析结果证实:由于放电瞬间脉冲电流的绕流集中效应,使金属凹模内部环形裂纹尖端附近金属迅速升温,金属熔化形成堆焊,并由于瞬间温升产生热压应力场．研究结果表明:应用电磁热效应止裂技术可以减小裂纹尖端的应力集中,形成的热压应力场有效地阻止金属模具中干线裂纹源的开裂趋势,达到了裂纹止裂目的．     

一维正方准晶垂直于准周期方向具有不对称共线裂纹的圆形孔口问题

利用复变函数方法,通过构造广义保角映射,研究了一维正方准晶垂直于准周期方向具有不对称共线裂纹的圆形孔口问题,给出了各应力分量在象平面的复表示,并得到该裂纹尖端的应力强度因子.在极限情形下,给出一维正方准晶中具有对称共线裂纹的圆形孔口,带单裂纹的圆形孔口和Griffith裂纹在裂纹尖端的应力强度因子.