On lacunary statistical convergence with respect to the intuitionistic fuzzy normed space

The concept of statistical convergence was introduced by Fast [H. Fast, Sur la convergence statistique, Colloq. Math. 2 (1951) 241–244] which was later on studied by many authors. In [J.A. Fridy, C. Orhan, Lacunary statistical convergence, Pacific J. Math. 160 (1993) 43–51], Fridy and Orhan introduced the idea of lacunary statistical convergence. Quite recently, the concept of statistical convergence of double sequences has been studied in intuitionistic fuzzy normed space by Mursaleen and Mohiuddine [M. Mursaleen, S.A. Mohiuddine, Statistical convergence of double sequences in intuitionistic fuzzy normed spaces, Chaos Solitons Fractals (2008), doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2008.09.018]. In this paper, we study lacunary statistical convergence in intuitionistic fuzzy normed space. We also introduce here a new concept, that is, statistical completeness and show that IFNS is statistically complete but not complete.     

A note on a fixed point theorem in Menger probabilistic quasi-metric spaces

The main result in Rezaiyan et al. [Rezaiyan R, Cho YJ, Saadati R. A common fixed point theorem in Menger probabilistic quasi-metric spaces, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2008;37:1153–7] is proved under two (necessary) additional conditions.     

Some fixed point theorems in fuzzy reflexive Banach spaces

In this paper, we first show that there are some gaps in the fixed point theorems for fuzzy non-expansive mappings which are proved by Bag and Samanta, in [Bag T, Samanta SK. Fixed point theorems on fuzzy normed linear spaces. Inf Sci 2006;176:2910–31; Bag T, Samanta SK. Some fixed point theorems in fuzzy normed linear spaces. Inform Sci 2007;177(3):3271–89]. By introducing the notion of fuzzy and α- fuzzy reflexive Banach spaces, we obtain some results which help us to establish the correct version of fuzzy fixed point theorems. Second, by applying Theorem 3.3 of Sadeqi and Solati kia [Sadeqi I, Solati kia F. Fuzzy normed linear space and it’s topological structure. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, in press] which says that any fuzzy normed linear space is also a topological vector space, we show that all topological version of fixed point theorems do hold in fuzzy normed linear spaces.     

3-Adic Cantor function on local fields and its p-adic derivative

The problem of “rate of change” for fractal functions is a very important one in the study of local fields. In 1992, Su Weiyi has given a definition of derivative by virtue of pseudo-differential operators [Su W. Pseudo-differential operators and derivatives on locally compact Vilenkin groups. Sci China [series A] 1992;35(7A):826–36. Su W. Gibbs–Butzer derivatives and the applications. Numer Funct Anal Optimiz 1995;16(5&6):805–24. [2] and [3]]. In Qiu Hua and Su Weiyi [Weierstrass-like functions on local fields and their p-adic derivatives. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2006;28(4):958–65. [8]], we have introduced a kind of Weierstrass-like functions in p-series local fields and discussed their p-adic derivatives. In this paper, the 3-adic Cantor function on 3-series field is constructed, and its 3-adic derivative is evaluated, it has at most order. Moreover, we introduce the definition of the Hausdorff dimension [Falconer KJ. Fractal geometry: mathematical foundations and applications. New York: Wiley; 1990. [1]] of the image of a complex function defined on local fields. Then we conclude that the Hausdorff dimensions of the 3-adic Cantor function and its derivatives and integrals on 3-series field are all equal to 1.There are various applications of Cantor sets in mechanics and physics. For instance, E-infinity theory [El Naschie MS. A guide to the mathematics of E-infinity Cantorian spacetime theory. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2005;25(5):955–64. El Naschie MS. Dimensions and Cantor spectra. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 1994;4(11):2121–32. El Naschie MS. Einstein’s dream and fractal geometry. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2005;24(1):1–5. El Naschie MS. The concepts of E infinity: an elementary introduction to the Cantorian-fractal theory of quantum physics. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2004;22(2):495–511. [9], [10], [11] and [12]] is based on random Cantor set which takes the golden mean dimension as shown by El Naschie.     

Direction and stability of bifurcating periodic solutions of a chemostat model with two distributed delays

We have considered a chemostat model with two distributed delays in a recent paper [Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2004;20:995–1004], where, using the average time delay corresponding to the growth response as a bifurcation parameter, it is proven that the model undergoes Hopf bifurcations for two weak kernels. This article is a sequel to the previous work. The direction and stability of the bifurcating periodic solutions are determined by the normal form theory and the center manifold theorem. The results are consistent with the numerical results in [Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2004;20:995–1004].     

Statistical convergence in intuitionistic fuzzy n-normed linear spaces

The aim in our article is to introduce the notion of statistical convergence and statistically Cauchy sequences in intuitionistic fuzzy n-normed linear spaces. The paper shows that some properties of statistical convergence of real sequences also hold for sequences in this space. Characterization for statistically convergent and statistically Cauchy sequences is also given. Further, the concept of statistical limit points and statistical cluster points are introduced and their relation with limit points of sequences have been investigated.     

Fractals via iterated functions and multifunctions

Fractals have wide applications in biology, computer graphics, quantum physics and several other areas of applied sciences (see, for instance [Daya Sagar BS, Rangarajan Govindan, Veneziano Daniele. Preface – fractals in geophysics. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2004;19:237–39; El Naschie MS. Young double-split experiment Heisenberg uncertainty principles and cantorian space-time. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 1994;4(3):403–09; El Naschie MS. Quantum measurement, information, diffusion and cantorian geodesics. In: El Naschie MS, Rossler OE, Prigogine I, editors. Quantum mechanics, diffusion and Chaotic fractals. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd; 1995. p. 191–205; El Naschie MS. Iterated function systems, information and the two-slit experiment of quantum mechanics. In: El Naschie MS, Rossler OE, Prigogine I, editors. Quantum mechanics, diffusion and Chaotic fractals. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd; 1995. p. 185–9; El Naschie MS, Rossler OE, Prigogine I. Forward. In: El Naschie MS, Rossler OE, Prigogine I, editors. Quantum mechanics, diffusion and Chaotic fractals. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd; 1995; El Naschie MS. A review of E-infinity theory and the mass spectrum of high energy particle physics. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2004;19:209–36; El Naschie MS. Fractal black holes and information. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2006;29:23–35; El Naschie MS. Superstring theory: what it cannot do but E-infinity could. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2006;29:65–8). Especially, the study of iterated functions has been found very useful in the theory of black holes, two-slit experiment in quantum mechanics (cf. El Naschie, as mentioned above). The intent of this paper is to give a brief account of recent developments of fractals arising from IFS. We also discuss iterated multifunctions.     

Some bitopological concepts based on the alternative effects of closure and interior operator

In this paper we give an approach for constructing classes of near open and near closed sets which have unusual implication relations. These new classes of subsets are based on the alternative effect of closure and interior operators with respect to two topologies. Also these classes of subsets are applied for constructing several classes of near continuous functions and some types of separation axioms called mildly binormal, almost ij-normal, almost ij-regular, quasi ij-regular and strongly S-ij-regular. Using the introduced functions, we generalize several preservation theorems of normality and regularity to bitopological spaces. Implications between notions are given and counter examples for some reverse directions are obtained. It should be noted that considering the space time as the product of two topologies, the topology of space and that of the space time will open the way for new line of research in the field of quantum gravity initiated by Witten and El-Naschie and many others (cf. [Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 17 (2003) 989; Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 7 (1996) 499; Int. J. Theor. Phys. 37 (1998) 2935; Phys. Today (1996) 24]).     

Lacunary statistically convergent double sequences in probabilistic normed spaces

In this paper, we introduce the concepts of double lacunary statistically convergent and double lacunary statistically Cauchy sequences in probabilistic normed spaces. We have also demonstrated through an example how to check the lacunary statistical convergence of a sequence in probabilistic normed space.     

Different Higgs models and the number of Higgs particles

In this short paper we discuss some interesting Higgs models. It is concluded that the most likely scheme for the Higgs particles consists of five physical Higgs particles. These are two charged H⁺, H⁻ and three neutrals h⁰, H⁰, A⁰. Further more the most probably total number of elementary particles for each model is calculated [El Naschie MS. Experimental and theoretical arguments for the number of the mass of the Higgs particles. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2005;23:1091–8; El Naschie MS. Determining the mass of the Higgs and the electroweak bosons. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2005;24:899–905; El Naschie MS. On 366 kissing spheres in 10 dimensions, 528 P-Brane states in 11 dimensions and the 60 elementary particles of the standard model. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2005;24:447–57].     

Comment on “Reconnection scenarios…” Chaos Solitons and Fractals 2002;14(1):117–127

We point out that Proposition 3.1 in [E. Petrisor. Reconnection scenarios and the threshold of reconnection in the dynamics of non-twist maps. Chaos Solitons Fractals 2002;14(1):117–27] is, strictly speaking, false. On the other hand, we suggest that for near integrable mappings, the results of [E. Petrisor. Reconnection scenarios and the threshold of reconnection in the dynamics of non-twist maps. Chaos Solitons Fractals 2002;14(1):117–27] are qualitatively correct and quantitatively very approximate.     

A modified variable-coefficient projective Riccati equation method and its application to (2 + 1)-dimensional simplified generalized Broer–Kaup system

A modified variable-coefficient projective Riccati equation method is proposed and applied to a (2 + 1)-dimensional simplified and generalized Broer–Kaup system. It is shown that the method presented by Huang and Zhang [Huang DJ, Zhang HQ. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2005; 23:601] is a special case of our method. The results obtained in the paper include many new formal solutions besides the all solutions found by Huang and Zhang.     

A proof for a theorem on intertwining property of attraction basin boundaries in planar dynamical systems

In this paper we present a new rigorous proof to a theorem on intertwining property of attraction basin boundaries in planar systems discussed in the literature [Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 10 (1999) 1453].     

Structurally stable but chaotic limit set of E-infinity Cantorian space–time

In the present work, first we give some definitions and theorems on hyperbolic maps, structurally stability and deterministic chaos. The limit set of the Kleinian transformation acting on the E-infinity Cantorian space–time turned out to be a set of periodic continued fractions as shown in [Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 21 (2004) 9]. That set has a hyperbolic structure and is structurally stable. Subsequently, we show that the appearance of transversal homoclinic points induces a chaotic behavior in that set.     

A series of new soliton-like solutions and double-like periodic solutions of a (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation

In this paper, we extend the algebraic method proposed by Fan (Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 20 (2004) 609) and the improved extended tanh method by Yomba (Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 20 (2004) 1135) to uniformly construct a series of soliton-like solutions and double-like periodic solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDE). Some new soliton-like solutions and double-like periodic solutions of a (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation are obtained.     

Dissipative relativistic standard map: Periodic attractors and basins of attraction

The dissipative relativistic standard map, introduced by Ciubotariu et al. [Ciubotariu C, Badelita L, Stancu V. Chaos in dissipative relativistic standard maps. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2002;13:1253–67.], is further studied numerically for small damping in the resonant case. We find that the attractors are all periodic; their basins of attraction have fractal boundaries and are closely interwoven. The number of attractors increases with decreasing damping. For a very small damping, there are thousands of periodic attractors, comprising mostly of the lowest-period attractors of period one or two; the basin of attraction of these lowest-period attractors is significantly larger compared to the basins of the higher-period attractors.     

An Analytical Study of Bifurcations Generated by Some Iterated Function Systems

In a recent paper Bahar [Chaos, Solitons + Fractals, 1996, 7(1), 41] described bifurcation from a fixed point generated by iterated function systems. An analytical study of it, by using Banach theorem, was proposed by us in Chaos, Solitons + Fractals, 1998, 9(3), 449. In this paper we present an extension of our previous study and we prove that by a special transformation, the considered two-dimensional map can be reduced to two distinctive one-dimensional maps, such that each one determines the behavior of the entire system.© 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.     

An oscillatory population model

We consider a simple population model which includes time-dependent parameters prompted by the recent work of Lakshmi [Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 16 (2003) 183]. Time-dependent parameters introduce the possibility of chaos into the dynamics of even simple models. We provide some solutions of the model, compare them with the ones obtained by Lakshmi and discuss their behaviour and properties.     

Distribution of the units digit of primes

A sequence is formed by the units digit of consecutive prime numbers. The sequence is not random. To visualize the non-randomness of the sequence, we utilize a method put forward by Hao et al. [Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 11 (2000) 825]. A fractal-like structure is observed.