Sturdy Harmonic Functions and their Integral Representations

Sturdy harmonic functions constitute all but the least tractable of the positive harmonic functions in potential-theoretic settings. They are the uniform limits on compact sets of positive, bounded harmonic functions and are also produced by a simple integral representation on the boundary of a natural compactification of the space on which they are defined. The boundary of that compactification is metrizable, and more regular for the Dirichlet problem, in general, than is the Martin boundary if that boundary is even defined in the setting.     

Manifolds with Boundary and of Bounded Geometry

For non–compact manifolds with boundary we prove that bounded geometry defined by coordinate–free curvature bounds is equivalent to bounded geometry defined using bounds on the metric tensor in geodesic coordinates. We produce a nice atlas with subordinate partition of unity on manifolds with boundary of bounded geometry and we study the change of geodesic coordinate maps.     

用边界曲线构造C~1 Coons曲面确定扭矢的方法

本文讨论了由四条边界曲线构造Ｃ１Ｃｏｏｎｓ曲面的问题，给出了确定角点扭矢的新方法．该方法沿四边形两对角线方向构造两条四次多项式曲线，每个角点处的扭矢，由一条四次曲线和两条边界曲线确定．跨界切矢由三次埃尔米特插值方法定义．文中还给出了一个用新方法构造曲面的实例．     

Analysis of united boundary‐domain integro‐differential and integral equations for a mixed BVP with variable coefficient

The mixed (Dirichlet–Neumann) boundary‐value problem for the ‘Laplace’ linear differential equation with variable coefficient is reduced to boundary‐domain integro‐differential or integral equations (BDIDEs or BDIEs) based on a specially constructed parametrix. The BDIDEs/BDIEs contain integral operators defined on the domain under consideration as well as potential‐type operators defined on open sub‐manifolds of the boundary and acting on the trace and/or co‐normal derivative of the unknown solution or on an auxiliary function. Some of the considered BDIDEs are to be supplemented by the original boundary conditions, thus constituting boundary‐domain integro‐differential problems (BDIDPs). Solvability, solution uniqueness, and equivalence of the BDIEs/BDIDEs/BDIDPs to the original BVP, as well as invertibility of the associated operators are investigated in appropriate Sobolev spaces. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An integral representation and boundary behavior of functions defined in a domain with a peak

We establish an invertible characteristic of boundary behavior of functions in Sobolev spaces defined in a space domain with a vertex of a peak on the boundary.     

THE ARTIFICIAL BOUNDARY CONDITION FOR EXTERIOR OSEEN EQUATION IN 2-D SPACE

A finite element method for the solution of Oseen equation in exterior domain is proposed. In this method, a circular artificial boundary is introduced to make the computational domain finite. Then, the exact relation between the normal stress and the prescribed velocity field on the artificial boundary can be obtained analytically. This relation can serve as an boundary condition for the boundary value problem defined on the finite domain bounded by the artificial boundary. Numerical experiment is presented to demonstrate the performance of the method.     

边界过原点的任意半平面中的Hilbert边值问题

给出了边界过原点的任意半平面中的Hilbert边值问题的提法,定义了函数的一种对称扩张,并利用这种对称扩张将此Hilbert边值问题转化为无穷直线上的Riemann边值问题,得到了该问题的一般解和可解性定理.     

Low-cost control problems on perforated and non-perforated domains

We study the homogenization of a class of optimal control problems whose state equations are given by second order elliptic boundary value problems with oscillating coefficients posed on perforated and non-perforated domains. We attempt to describe the limit problem when the cost of the control is also of the same order as that describing the oscillations of the coefficients. We study the situations where the control and the state are both defined over the entire domain or when both are defined on the boundary.     

On a nonlocal problem in function theory

We consider nonlocal boundary value problems for three harmonic functions each of which is defined in its own domain. A contact condition is posed on the common part of the boundaries of these domains, and the Dirichlet or Neumann data (or mixed boundary conditions) are given on the remaining parts of the boundary. We prove the unique solvability of these problems.     

On the moving boundary formulation for parabolic problems on unbounded domains

A parabolic problem defined on unbounded domains and admitting invariance property to Lie group of scalings can be transformed into an equivalent boundary value problem governed by an ODE defined on an infinite interval. A free boundary formulation and a convergence theorem for this kind of transformed problems are available in [Fazio, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 33 (1996), pp. 1473-1484]. Depending on its scaling invariance properties, the free boundary problem is then solved numerically using either an iterative or a non-iterative method. Finally, the solution of the parabolic problem is retrieved applying the inverse map of similarity. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Maximum Principles for Boundary-Degenerate Second Order Linear Elliptic Differential Operators

We prove weak and strong maximum principles, including a Hopf lemma, for C ² subsolutions to equations defined by linear, second-order, linear, elliptic partial differential operators whose principal symbols vanish along a portion of the domain boundary. The boundary regularity property of the C ² subsolutions along this boundary vanishing locus ensures that these maximum principles hold irrespective of the sign of the Fichera function. Boundary conditions need only be prescribed on the complement in the domain boundary of the principal symbol's vanishing locus. We obtain uniqueness and a priori maximum principle estimates for C ² solutions to boundary value and obstacle problems defined by these boundary-degenerate elliptic operators with partial Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. We also prove weak maximum principles and uniqueness for W ^{1, 2} solutions to the corresponding variational equations and inequalities defined with the aide of weighted Sobolev spaces. The domain is allowed to be unbounded when the operator coefficients and solutions obey certain growth conditions.     

The boundary element formulation for multiparameter structural shape optimization

A problem of optimal shaping of a free and loaded boundary has been formulated in terms of the boundary element method. A maximal stiffness criterion together with the limitation of volume of a body has been used. The problem has been solved with the application of integral optimality conditions being defined on an optimal boundary. Discretization of a boundary and optimality conditions respectively, with the aid of boundary elements, leads to an iterative procedure, from which one can determine the shape parameters generating the position of the optimal boundary.     

A survey on free boundary identification of the truncated boundary in numerical BVPs on infinite intervals

A free boundary formulation for the numerical solution of boundary value problems on infinite intervals was proposed recently in Fazio (SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 33 (1996) 1473). We consider here a survey on recent developments related to the free boundary identification of the truncated boundary. The goals of this survey are: to recall the reasoning for a free boundary identification of the truncated boundary, to report on a comparison of numerical results obtained for a classical test problem by three approaches available in the literature, and to propose some possible ways to extend the free boundary approach to the numerical solution of problems defined on the whole real line.     

Derivation of Prandtl boundary layer equations for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations in a curved domain

The proposal of this note is to derive the equations of boundary layers in the small viscosity limit for the two-dimensional incompressible Navier–Stokes equations defined in a curved bounded domain with the non-slip boundary condition. By using curvilinear coordinate system in a neighborhood of boundary, and the multi-scale analysis we deduce that the leading profiles of boundary layers of the incompressible flows in a bounded domain still satisfy the classical Prandtl equations when the viscosity goes to zero, which are the same as for the flows defined in the half space.     

Powell–Sabin splines with boundary conditions for polygonal and non-polygonal domains

Powell–Sabin splines are piecewise quadratic polynomials with a global C¹$C^1$-continuity, defined on conforming triangulations. Imposing boundary conditions on such a spline leads to a set of constraints on the spline coefficients. First, we discuss boundary conditions defined on a polygonal domain, before we treat boundary conditions on a general curved domain boundary. We consider Dirichlet and Neumann conditions, and we show that a particular choice of the PS-triangles at the boundary can greatly simplify the corresponding constraints. Finally, we consider an application where the techniques developed in this paper are used: the numerical solution of a partial differential equation by the Galerkin and collocation method.     

Poisson boundaries of discrete groups of matrices

If μ is a probability measure on a countable group there is defined a notion of the Poisson boundary for μ which enables one to represent all bounded μ-harmonic functions on the group. It is shown that for discrete groups of matrices this boundary can be identified with the boundary of the corresponding Lie group.     

Numerical solution to a linearized KdV equation on unbounded domain

Exact absorbing boundary conditions for a linearized KdV equation are derived in this paper. Applying these boundary conditions at artificial boundary points yields an initial‐boundary value problem defined only on a finite interval. A dual‐Petrov‐Galerkin scheme is proposed for numerical approximation. Fast evaluation method is developed to deal with convolutions involved in the exact absorbing boundary conditions. In the end, some numerical tests are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.© 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2008     

An augmented Galerkin procedure for the boundary integral method applied to mixed boundary value problems

Here we present the asymptotic error analysis for the boundary element approximation of the direct boundary integral equations for the plane mixed boundary value problem of the Laplacian. The boundary elements are defined by B-splines for the smooth parts of the boundary charges and additional singular functions at the collision points. The asymptotic error estimates include estimates for the stress intensity factors which occur as additional unknowns to be computed within the Galerkin scheme. The numerical analysis is based on the uniqueness of the problem, a coerciveness inequality, the triangular principal part and an extended shift theorem of the boundary integral operators.     

An adaptive algorithm for the Thomas–Fermi equation

A free boundary value problem is introduced to approximate the original Thomas–Fermi equation. The unknown truncated free boundary is determined iteratively. We transform the free boundary value problem to a nonlinear boundary value problem defined on [0,1]. We present an adaptive algorithm to solve the problem by means of the moving mesh finite element method. Comparison of our numerical results with those obtained by other approaches shows high accuracy of our method.     

Estimating ∇u in terms of div u,curl u,either (ν, u) or ν×u and the topology

In the present paper we prove C^α-estimates for ∇ u using components of boundary values of u , div u , curl u and quantities given by components of boundary values of u as well as boundary values of elements belonging to de Rhams cohomology modules. The vector field u is defined on a bounded set G¯⊂ℝ³, meanwhile the cohomology group will be defined with regard to ℝ³−G. Our inequalities turn out to be a priori estimates concerning well-known boundary value problems for vector fields. © 1997 by B. G. Teubner Stuttgart–John Wiley & Sons Ltd.