On integrally closed simple extensions of valuation rings

Let v be a Krull valuation of a field with valuation ring $R_v$. Let θ be a root of an irreducible trinomial $F(x)=x^n+a{x}^m+b$ belonging to $R_v[x]$. In this paper, we give necessary and sufficient conditions involving only $a,b,m,n$ for $R_v[\theta ]$ to be integrally closed. In the particular case when v is the p-adic valuation of the field $\mathbb{Q}$ of rational numbers, $F(x)\in \mathbb{Z}[x]$ and $K=\mathbb{Q}(\theta )$, then it is shown that these conditions lead to the characterization of primes which divide the index of the subgroup $\mathbb{Z}[\theta ]$ in $A_K$, where $A_K$ is the ring of algebraic integers of K. As an application, it is deduced that for any algebraic number field K and any quadratic field L not contained in K, we have $A_{KL}=A_K{A}_L$ if and only if the discriminants of K and L are coprime.     

Necessary conditions for reversed Dickson polynomials of the second kind to be permutational

In this paper, we present several necessary conditions for the reversed Dickson polynomial $E_n(1,x)$ of the second kind to be a permutation of ${\mathbb{F}}_q$. In particular, we give explicit evaluation of the sum ${\sum }_{a\in {\mathbb{F}}_q}{E}_n(1,a)$.     

Indices of Kummer extensions of prime degree

Let p be a prime and let ${\zeta }_p$ be a primitive p-th root of unity. For a finite extension k of $\mathbb{Q}$ containing ${\zeta }_p$, we consider a Kummer extension $L/k$ of degree p. In this paper, we show that if $k=\mathbb{Q}({\zeta }_p)$ and the class number of k is one, the index of $L/k$ is one. We also show that if $L/k$ is tamely ramified with a normal integral basis, the index is at most a power of p. In the last section, we show that there exist infinitely many cubic Kummer extensions of $\mathbb{Q}({\zeta }_3)$ for both wildly and tamely ramified cases, whose integer rings do not have a power integral basis over that of $\mathbb{Q}({\zeta }_3)$.     

The mod 2 cohomology of the mapping class group of the Klein bottle with marked points

The purpose of this article is to compute the mod 2 cohomology of ${\mathrm{\Gamma }}^q(\mathbb{K})$, the mapping class group of the Klein bottle with q marked points. We provide a concrete construction of Eilenberg–MacLane spaces $X_q=K({\mathrm{\Gamma }}^q(\mathbb{K}),1)$ and fiber bundles $F_q(\mathbb{K})/{\mathrm{\Sigma }}_q\to X_q\to B({\mathbb{Z}}_2\times O(2))$, where $F_q(\mathbb{K})/{\mathrm{\Sigma }}_q$ denotes the configuration space of unordered q-tuples of distinct points in $\mathbb{K}$ and $B({\mathbb{Z}}_2\times O(2))$ is the classifying space of the group ${\mathbb{Z}}_2\times O(2)$. Moreover, we show the mod 2 Serre spectral sequence of the bundle above collapses.     

ABC and the Hasse principle for quadratic twists of hyperelliptic curves

Conditionally on the ABC conjecture, we apply work of Granville to show that a hyperelliptic curve $C_{/\mathbb{Q}}$ of genus at least three has infinitely many quadratic twists that violate the Hasse Principle iff it has no $\mathbb{Q}$-rational hyperelliptic branch points.