一种多指标综合评价合成技术方法研究

对目前多指标评价合成技术进行了回顾，运用模糊系统理论提出了模糊积分合成技术方法，提示了评价指标（或评价单元）之间内在的本质关联、制约以及协调作用对评价系统状态的贡献效应，拓宽了权值的内在含义。     

建筑生产固有危险的评价研究

本指出对建筑生产安全状况应从两个层面即固有危险和安全管理来进行评价，并就固有危险的评价进行了专题研究；建立了建筑生产固有危险评价的层次结构模型，设计了有关的安全检查表，研究了具体的评价方法和评价模型。     

对数学高考评价研究性学习能力的几点思考

随着数学课程改革的不断深入，数学学习的评价改革也在不断发展．数学课程改革要求改善学生的学习方式，大力倡导研究性学习。相应地数学学习评价，特别是数学高考作为数学学习评价的重要方式之一，必然要对学生的研究性学习能力进行评价．如何在数学高考中评价学生的研究性学习能力？这是当前数学学习评价中需要解决的一个新问题。近年来，上海数学高考对评价学生研究性学习能力进行了研究和实践，取得了一些初步的体会，下面谈谈我们对这个问题的一些思考。     

基于突变评价法的研究型大学知识创新综合评价

如何评价研究型大学知识创新是建设创新型国家过程中一个亟待解决的现实问题。本文首先在分析各种评价方法、研究型大学知识创新系统的构成及其特点的基础上，介绍了突变评价法的基本思想和步骤，随后利用突变评价法，建立了研究型大学知识创新综合评价指标体系，并对北京地区的12所大学进行综合评价，得出合理的评价结果，证明突变评价法是一种可行的综合评价方法。     

基于BP神经网络的企业内部控制体系评价研究

对内部控制体系评价可以采用定性和定量两种评价标准。定性评价受评价人员的主观判断的影响，往往缺乏客观性，而定量评价则以其科学、精确、可比的特征受到审计机构的欢迎。本文构建了内部控制评价指标，把描述企业内部控制状况的特征信息作为神经网络的输入向量，而把代表相应综合评价结果的值作为神经网络的输出，并用足够的样本训练这个网络，使不同的输入向量得到不同的输出量值，从而对企业的内部控制状况进行了量化的评价。     

上市电力公司业绩的一种评价方法

本文针对上市电力公司业绩评价的问题，首次提出了用正态分布隶属函数比较大小的方法，并建立了正态分布隶属函数与AHP相结合的综合评价模型，对模糊综合评价进行了改进，使得单个企业在同行业中定位评价更加客观、准确。     

企业竞争力综合评价物元模型与可拓评价方法

本用可拓学的思想方法建立了企业竞争力综合评价物元模型，给出了基于关联函数的可拓评价方法，对企业竞争力的定性，定量综合评价方法进行了创新性研究。     

DEA与DRF法的整合

本文针对利用DEA模型进行有效性评价时碰到问题，提出了用因子分析法（简称DRF法）与DEA法相结合来进行评价，这是对DEA法的一种改进。并在此基础上对医院绩效进行了评价，为财政部门科学制定《医疗单位财政支出效益评价实施办法》提供依据。     

国有企业经营者业绩的评价及指标设计

提出一种国有企业经营业绩评价指标设计的指导思想，并设计了国有企业经营评价的指标体系。采用层次分析中的分析比较矩阵确定权重，将灰色关联度，聚类分析方法和模糊数学方法相结合，建立了国有企业经营业绩的灰色评价模型，并运用该模型对10家国有企业的经营业绩进行了评价和分析。     

需求导向的双激励临界点型综合评价方法

为了从综合评价的角度解决管理中的激励问题，本文提出一种需求导向的双激励临界点型评价方法，其最大的特色在于评价需求者和被评价对象的需求是方法构建的重要导向，并采用对被评价对象的不同指标分别激励的做法。在考虑被评价对象的需求时，通过判断各指标对被评价对象排序的影响情况，确定被评价对象各指标的优劣类型进而确定对应指标的激励方式和激励量。在考虑评价需求者的需求时，首先通过设置各指标的双激励临界点确定被评价对象各指标的激励方式，然后计算各指标的激励系数，进而确定各被评价对象的激励量。最后通过一个算例对方法的应用进行了说明。     

股票综合评价的符号数据PCA方法

符号数据分析是一种新兴的数据挖掘技术,区间数是最常用的一种符号数据。研究应用区间型符号数据的PCA方法来评价股票的市场综合表现问题。首先介绍了符号数据分析的基本理论。接下来研究了区间数据样本的经验描述统计量的计算,并基于经验相关矩阵,给出了区间主成分分析的算法,该算法最终得到区间数表达形式的主成分取值。最后选取上海证券交易市场20支股票在某一周上的交易数据,进行了实证研究,基于区间主成分得分的矩形图表示,将20支股票按其市场综合表现分成了四类。     

Improved impedance conditions for a thin layer problem in a nonsmooth domain

In this article, we consider the model problem of the Laplace equation in a domain with a thin layer on a part of its boundary. The singularities appearing where boundary conditions change deteriorate the efficiency of the classical impedance condition used to replace the layer. Modified impedance conditions are proposed, which lead to some improvements in the error estimates.     

Allfinanz,bancassurance and the future of banking

The purpose with this paper is first to analyse the strategies of Allfinanz (Bancassurance) in Germany and then to investigate if the German banks have become more efficient during the period since Allfinanz was introduced. Two methods are used to analyse efficiency: ‘financial ratio analysis’ (FRA) and ‘data envelopment analysis’ (DEA). FRA is useful in studying the change in productivity. DEA generates, efficiency scores and alternative and more efficient combinations of banks.     

The exploratory analysis of qualitative variables by means of three-way analysis of two types of quantification matrices

A comparison is made between a number of techniques for the exploratory analysis of qualitative variables. The paper mainly focuses on a comparison between multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and Gower's principal co-ordinates analysis (PCO), applied to qualitative variables. The main difference between these methods is in how they deal with infrequent categories. It is demonstrated that MCA solutions can be dominated by infrequent categories, and that, especially in such cases, PCO is a useful alternative to MCA, because it tends to downweight the influence of infrequent categories. Apart from studying the difference between MCA and PCO, other alternatives for the analysis of qualitative variables are discussed, and compared to MCA and PCO.     

某些决策单元的EDA有效性的简便判别法

本给出了判别某些决策单元EDA有效性（C^2R或C^2GS^2）的简便方法。     

Ranking DMUs by using interval DEA cross efficiency matrix with acceptability analysis

Cross efficiency method is an extension of data envelopment analysis (DEA), and has been widely used for ranking performance of decision making units (DMUs). To eliminate the non-uniqueness of cross efficiency scores, the aggressive and benevolent strategies have been proposed as secondary goals to determine the unique cross efficiency score. The current paper aims to propose an alternative strategy which does not consider the preference of the decision maker in choosing aggressive or benevolent strategy. Instead, the paper considers all possible weight sets in weight space when computing the cross efficiency and each DMU is given an interval cross efficiency. By using the stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA-2) method, all DMUs in the interval cross efficiency matrix (CEM) could be fully ranked according to the acceptability indices. A numerical example about efficiency evaluation to seven academic departments in a university is illustrated.     

Validating DEA as a ranking tool: An application of DEA to assess performance in higher education

There is a general interest in ranking schemes applied to complex entities described by multiple attributes. Published rankings for universities are in great demand but are also highly controversial. We compare two classification and ranking schemes involving universities; one from a published report, ‘Top American Research Universities’ by the University of Florida's TheCenter and the other using DEA. Both approaches use the same data and model. We compare the two methods and discover important equivalences. We conclude that the critical aspect in classification and ranking is the model. This suggests that DEA is a suitable tool for these types of studies.     

The assessment of the information quality with the aid of multiple criteria analysis

The virtual business work flow depends on the information quality (IQ) which is essential attribute of information. The IQ depends strongly on organization of the information system (IS) and how the information is processed. In our approach we incorporate the four-aspect representation of IQ: (1) intrinsic, (2) contextual, (3) representational, and (4) accessibility. These four-aspects are divided into several criteria at the next level of hierarchy. The weights, representing the relative importance of criteria, have been assessed by pair-wise comparisons made by group of experts. Based on discussion with experts, six alternative strategies, that could be used for improving the IQ, were designed. For each given criterion, the group of subjects revealed the opinion about the level of achievement of every alternative. The set of scores, assigned to the alternative by different subjects, formed the discrete distribution that is used for a comparison of alternatives with the aid of stochastic dominances. In analogy to the Electre I methodology, the simple algorithm for the aggregate evaluation of analyzed alternatives was proposed. The benefits of proposed approach were demonstrated in a case study of the semiconductor industry. The results of our study suggest, that in case of matured company, the external strategies, that point out to the information exchange and strategic networked alliance with customers and suppliers, are preferred to the internal ones. The latter ones might be of greater importance for the new set up or for a young company.     

Ranking decision-making units using common weights in DEA

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a linear programming technique that is used to measure the relative efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs). Liu et al. (2008) [13] used common weights analysis (CWA) methodology to generate a CSW using linear programming. They classified the DMUs as CWA-efficient and CWA-inefficient DMUs and ranked the DMUs using CWA-ranking rules. The aim of this study is to show that the criteria used by Liu et al. are not theoretically strong enough to discriminate among the CWA-efficient DMUs with equal efficiency. Moreover, there is no guarantee that their proposed model can select one optimal solution from the alternative components. The optimal solution is considered to be the only unique optimal solution. This study shows that the proposal by Liu et al. is not generally correct. The claims made by the authors against the theorem proposed by Liu et al. are fully supported using two counter examples.     

Measuring pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy in tutoring children in primary mathematics: an instrument

This article reports on the use of Rasch modelling to develop and validate an instrument measuring self-efficacy in tutoring children in primary mathematics (SETcPM). In response to the literature on teacher efficacy, the 20-item instrument aims to inform teacher educators, and is designed for novice pre-service teachers (nPSTs) preparing to teach mathematics in primary school (grades 1–7, ages 6–13). To ensure that the tasks of teaching are imaginable for nPSTs, the instrument targets the core activity of teaching mathematics: helping a generic child with mathematics tasks. We propose that SETcPM is measurable for the intended population and represents a central part of self-efficacy in teaching mathematics (SETM). Understanding the initial SETcPM of novices and mapping its development over the course of their training programme can contribute to a better understanding of SETM, and allow teacher educators to tailor their support.