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1.
针对非线性粘弹性方程,在半离散和全离散格式下给出EQ1rot非协调有限元逼近.由于该单元的相容误差 (O(h2)阶)比插值误差 (O(h)阶)高一阶,可得到在H1模意义下的O(h2)阶超逼近结果,并利用插值后处理技术导出整体超收敛.进而,基于该单元的渐近展开式,构造新的插值后处理算子和外推格式,给出O(h4)阶的外推结果.最后,运用与以往文献不同的方法得到全离散逼近格式的最优误差估计.  相似文献   

2.
本文在矩形网格上讨论了半离散和全离散格式下电报方程的类Wilson非协调有限元逼近.利用该元在H1模意义下O(h2)阶的相容误差结果,平均值理论和关于时间t的导数转移技巧得到了超逼近性.进而,借助于插值后处理方法导出了超收敛结果.又由于该元在H1模意义下的相容误差可以达到O(h3)阶,构造了新的外推格式,给出了比传统误差估计高两阶的外推估计.最后,对于给出的全离散逼近格式得到了最优误差估计.  相似文献   

3.
在半离散和全离散格式下讨论非线性抛物积分微分方程的类Wilson非协调有限元逼近.当问题的精确解u∈H3(Ω)/H4(Ω)时,利用该元的相容误差在能量模意义下可以达到O(h2)/O(h3)比其插值误差高一阶和二阶的特殊性质,再结合协调部分的高精度分析及插值后处理技术,并借助于双线性插值代替传统有限元分析中不可缺少的Ritz-Volterra投影导出了半离散格式下的O(h2)阶超逼近和超收敛结果.同时分别得到了向后Euler全离散格式下的超逼近性和Crank-Nicolson全离散格式下的最优误差估计.  相似文献   

4.
在半离散格式下讨论了一类非线性Sine-Gordon方程的Hermite型矩形元逼近.利用该元的高精度分析和对时间t的导数转移技巧,得到了H1模意义下O(h2)阶的最优误差估计和O(h3)阶的超逼近性.进一步地,通过运用插值后处理方法,给出了超收敛结果.与此同时,借助于构造一个新的外推格式,导出了与线性情形相同的O(h4)阶外推解.  相似文献   

5.
杨晓侠  李永献 《应用数学》2018,31(3):513-521
对一类黏弹性方程利用Wilson元提出新的半离散和全离散逼近格式.基于单元的性质,通过定义新的双线性型,在不需要外推和插值后处理技术的前提下,分别得到了比传统的H~1-范数更大的模意义下相应的O(h~2)阶和O(h~2+τ~2)阶的误差分析结果,正好比通常的关于Wilson元的误差估计高出一阶.这里,h,τ表示空间剖分参数和时间步长.  相似文献   

6.
对一类非线性四阶双曲方程利用双线性元Q_(1)及Nedelec's元建立一个扩展的协调混合元逼近格式.首先证明了逼近解的存在唯一性.其次,基于上述两个单元的高精度结果,给出了插值和投影之间的误差估计,再利用对时间t的导数转移技巧和插值后处理技术,在半离散和全离散格式下分别导出了原始变量u和中间变量v=-△u在H~1模及中间变量q=▽u,σ=-▽(△u)在(L~2)~2模意义下单独利用插值和投影所无法得到的具有O(h~2)和O(h~2+τ~2)阶的超收敛结果.最后通过数值算例,表明逼近格式是行之有效的.这里,h和τ分别表示空间剖分参数及时间步长.  相似文献   

7.
将类Wilson非协调元方法应用于半离散格式下双曲积分微分方程的逼近.当问题的精确解u∈H3(Ω)/H4(Ω)时,利用该单元相容误差在能量范数意义下可达到O(h2)/O(h3)阶(比其插值误差高一阶/两阶)的特殊性质,并结合双线性元的高精度分析和插值后处理技巧,得到了与以往文献中双线性元完全相同的O(h2)阶的超逼近性质和整体超收敛结果.进而,通过构造一个新的外推格式导出了具有三阶精度的外推解.  相似文献   

8.
对一类非线性四阶双曲方程利用双线性元Q_(11)及Q_(01)×Q_(10)元给出了一个低阶混合元格式.基于上述两个单元的高精度结果,采用插值和投影相结合的方法,利用对时间t的导数转移技巧,借助插值后处理技术,在半离散格式下导出了原始变量u和中间变量u=-△u在H~1模意义下及流量p=-▽u在(L~2)~2模意义下具有O(h~2)阶的超逼近和超收敛结果.与此同时,在全离散格式下,证明了u和v在H~1模意义下及p在(L~2)~2模意义下单独利用插值或投影所无法得到的具有O(h~2+(△t)~2)阶的超逼近和超收敛结果.  相似文献   

9.
对Extended Fisher-Kolmogorov(EFK)方程,利用EQ_1~(rot)元和零阶RaviartThomas(R-T)元建立了一个新的非协调混合元逼近格式.首先,证明了半离散格式逼近解的一个先验估计并证明了逼近解的存在唯一性.在半离散格式下,利用上述两种元的高精度分析结果以及这个先验估计,在不需要有限元解u_h属于L~∞的条件下,得到了原始变量u和中间变量v=-?u的H~1-模以及流量p=u的(L~2)~2-模意义下O(h~2)阶的超逼近性质.同时,借助插值后处理技术,证明了上述变量的具有O(h~2)阶的整体超收敛结果.其次,建立了一个新的线性化向后Euler全离散格式并证明了其逼近解的存在唯一性.另一方面,通过对相容误差和非线性项采取与传统误差分析不同的新的分裂技巧,分别导出了以往文献中尚未涉及的关于u和v在H~1-模以及p在(L~2)~2-模意义下具有O(h~2+τ)阶的超逼近性质,进一步地,借助插值后处理技术,得到了上述变量的整体超收敛结果.这里h和τ分别表示空间剖分参数和时间步长.最后,给出了一个数值算例,计算结果验证了理论分析的正确性.  相似文献   

10.
针对非线性sine-Gordon方程利用EQrot1和零阶Raviart-Thomas元建立一个自然满足Brezzi-Babuka条件的新非协调混合元逼近格式.基于EQrot1非协调元的两个特殊性质:(i)当精确解属于H3(Ω)时,其相容误差为O(h2)阶,比它的插值误差O(h)高一阶;(ii)插值算子与Riesz投影算子等价,再结合零阶Raviart-Thomas元的高精度分析结果和插值后处理技术,针对半离散逼近格式导出原始变量u和流量p分别在H1模和L2模意义下的超逼近性及超收敛结果.同时,对于提出的一个具有二阶精度全离散逼近格式,得到相应的最优误差估计.  相似文献   

11.
EXISTENCEANDUNIQUENESSOFSOLUTIONSFORNONLINEARBOUNDARYVALUEPROBLEMSOFVOLTERRA-HAMMERSTEINTYPEINTEGRODIFFERENTIALEQUATION¥WangG...  相似文献   

12.
We define the generalized potential polynomials associated to an independent variable, and prove an explicit formula involving the generalized potential polynomials and the exponential Bell polynomials. We use this formula to describe closed type formulas for the higher order Bernoulli, Eulerian, Euler, Genocchi, Apostol-Bernoulli, Apostol-Euler polynomials and the polynomials involving the Stirling numbers of the second kind. As further applications, we derive several known identities involving the Bernoulli numbers and polynomials and Euler polynomials, and new relations for the higher order tangent numbers, the higher order Bernoulli numbers of the second kind, the numbers , the higher order Bernoulli numbers and polynomials and the higher order Euler polynomials and their coefficients.  相似文献   

13.
14.
The modified lower box dimension can be redefined in terms of the d-measure [4]. In this note we prove a decomposition theorem for this measure and show that strong regularity can be interpreted as this d-measure regularity in Rn. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

15.
D3-Modules     
A right R-module M is called a D3-module, if M 1 and M 2 are direct summands of M with M = M 1 + M 2, then M 1M 2 is a direct summand of M. Following the work of Bass on projective covers, we introduce the notion of D3-covers and provide new characterizations of several well-known classes of rings in terms of D3-modules and D3-covers.  相似文献   

16.
17.
That we are morally responsible for what we do willingly and knowingly is a commonplace. That our moral responsibility extends as far as to cover at least the intended consequences of our voluntary actions and perhaps also the ones we did not intend, but could or did foresee, is equally beyond dispute. But what about omissions? Are we, or can we be, (equally) morally responsible for the harm that has occured because we did not prevent it, even though we could have done so? Say, for all the enormous suffering, caused daily by famine, deprivation and curable diseases in the Third World countries?Moral intuitions and practices that one could consult in this matter seem to leave us in the dark. We regularly ascribe responsibility to people for harms resulting from their negligence or failure to fulfill professional duties. On the other hand, we tend to think that unless there is some evidence of the causal contribution that agents made to a harmful event and/or state, it is not really fair to blame it on them. And finally, to complicate things even more, most of us deny that omissions could effect anything (any change) in the world and consequently regard them as causally impotent (as well as possibly harmless).Most of the proposed solutions to this perplexing issue simply take negative moral responsibility for granted and then either try to revise our ordinary notion of causation accordingly or, alternatively, weaken the conditions for holding someone morally responsible. In the paper I present and defend the relative merits of the third approach, one sceptical of the notion of moral responsibility for the ‘outcomes’ of omissions. I try to show that for some identifiable core notion of moral responsibility and paradigmatic cases of omissions, the prospects for a happy marriage are rather slim.  相似文献   

18.
his paper presents concentration inequalities and laws of large numbers under weak assumptions of irrelevance that are expressed using lower and upper expectations. The results build upon De Cooman and Miranda’s recent inequalities and laws of large numbers. The proofs indicate connections between the theory of martingales and concepts of epistemic and regular irrelevance.  相似文献   

19.
Let G=(V,E) be a (directed) graph with vertex set V and edge (arc) set E. Given a set P of source-sink pairs of vertices of G, an important problem that arises in the computation of network reliability is the enumeration of minimal subsets of edges (arcs) that connect/disconnect all/at least one of the given source-sink pairs of P. For undirected graphs, we show that the enumeration problems for conjunctions of paths and disjunctions of cuts can be solved in incremental polynomial time. Furthermore, under the assumption that P consists of all pairs within a given vertex set, we also give incremental polynomial time algorithm for enumerating all minimal path disjunctions and cut conjunctions. For directed graphs, the enumeration problem for cut disjunction is known to be NP-complete. We extend this result to path conjunctions and path disjunctions, leaving open the complexity of the enumeration of cut conjunctions. Finally, we give a polynomial delay algorithm for enumerating all minimal sets of arcs connecting two given nodes s1 and s2 to, respectively, a given vertex t1, and each vertex of a given subset of vertices T2.  相似文献   

20.
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