空间曲线在奇异点处的性态

本文讨论了空间曲线ｘ＝ｘ（ｔ），ｙ＝ｙ（ｔ），ｚ＝ｚ（ｔ）上奇异点的性态，结果表明：若［ｘ（ｋ）（ｔ０）］２＋［ｙ（ｋ）（ｔ０）］２＋［ｚ（ｋ）（ｔ０）］２＝０，ｋ＝１，２，…，ｎ－１，而［ｘ（ｎ）（ｔ０）］２＋［ｙ（ｎ）（ｔ０）］２＋［ｚ（ｎ）（ｔ０）］２≠０，则当ｎ为奇数时，曲线在点Ｍ０（ｘ０，ｙ０，ｚ０）是光滑的；当ｎ为偶数时，曲线在点Ｍ０（ｘ０，ｙ０，ｚ０）是不光滑的     

关于J.Vukman的一个问题

关于Ｊ．Ｖｕｋｍａｎ的一个问题黄允宝（杭州教育学院）本文Ｒ始终表示一个中心为Ｃ的结合环，我们将用符号［ｘ，ｙ］表示ｘｙ－ｙｘ并使用恒等式［ｘｙ，ｚ］＝［ｘ，ｚ］ｙ＋ｘ［ｙ，ｚ］，［ｘ，ｙｚ］＝［ｘ，ｙ］ｚ＋ｙ［ｘ，ｚ］．称环Ｒ是素环如果ａＲｂ＝０蕴含...     

一个不等式的图证及推广

题目：若ｘ,ｙ,ｚ为正实数,则ｘ２＋ｘｙ＋ｙ２＋ｙ２＋ｙｚ＋ｚ２＋ｚ２＋ｚｘ＋ｘ２≥３（ｘ＋ｙ＋ｚ）;（当ｘ＝ｙ＝ｚ时取等号）;文［１］中,对上述不等式提出一个简洁图证;本文再对该不等式给出一个更具一般意义的有效图证,并进而给出其推广及证明;证明：原不等式左边等于ｘ＋ｙ２２＋３２ｙ２＋ｙ＋ｚ２２＋３２ｚ２＋ｚ＋ｘ２２＋３２ｘ２;构造图（１）,设ＡＦ＝ｘ＋ｙ２,ＤＧ＝ｙ＋ｚ２,ＥＨ＝ｚ＋ｘ２,ＤＦ＝３２ｙ,ＥＧ＝３２ｚ,ＢＨ＝３２ｘ;由勾股定理得：ＡＢ＝ＡＣ２＋ＢＣ２＝ｘ＋ｙ２＋ｙ＋ｚ２＋ｚ＋ｘ２…     

关于相关收敛函数序列的一个命题

本文在［１］，［２］的基础上，给出了满足ｇｎ（ｘ）＝Ｃｏｆｎ（ｘ）＋Ｃ１ｆｎ－１（ｘ）＋…＋Ｃｋｆｎ－ｋ（ｘ）的相关函数序列｛ｆｎ（ｘ）｝和｛ｇｎ（ｘ）｝的极限间制约关系的一个命题，从而得到一种判断函数序列一致收敛并且求其极限函数的方法。     

求一类多元函数最值的公式

１　问题的提出例１　设ｘ、ｙ、ｚ是三个不全为零的实数,求函数ｕ（ｘ,ｙ,ｚ）＝ｘｙ＋２ｙｚｘ２＋ｙ２＋ｚ２的最大值．例２　设ｘ、ｙ、ｚ是三个不全为零的实数,求函数ｕ（ｘ,ｙ,ｚ）＝ｘｙ＋２ｙｚ＋２ｘｚｘ２＋ｙ２＋ｚ２的最大值．文［１］利用带参数的均值不等式较为巧妙的求出了函数的最大值;文［２］利用双判别式法给出了这类问题的一种初等解法,拜读后获益匪浅．这类三元二次分式函数的最值问题在一些竞赛中曾以填空题的形式出现;倘若按部就班的以文［１］、［２］中的方法去求解,就显得“小题大作”．对求这类问题是…     

一个不等式的代数证法与推广

作为书［１］“数形结合”一章的首例,形如ｘ２１＋ｙ２１＋ｘ２２＋ｙ２２≥（ｘ１＋ｘ２）２＋（ｙ１＋ｙ２）２的不等式,以其优雅的几何证法［１］～［３］令某些纯代数证法相形见拙．现利用柯西不等式将其推广为（字母均表实数）：∑ｎｋ＝１ｘ２ｋ＋ｙ２ｋ＋…＋ｚ...     

半参数回归估计的相合条件

设有半参数回归模型ｙｉ＝ｘ’，β＋ｆ（ｔｉ）＋ｅｉ，ｉ＝１，．．．ｎ，其中｛ｔｉ｝为常数列，本文对｛ｘｉ｝为设计点列的情形，给出了β、ｆ（ｔ）有相合估计的条件；在｛ｘｉ｝为随机的情形，建立了ｆ（ｔ）估计的相合性。     

污染数据半参数回归模型估计的渐近正态性

考虑半参数回归模型：ｙｉ＝ ｘｉβ＋ ｇ（ｔｉ）＋ ｅｉ,ｉ＝ １,２,…,ｎ．其中 Ｅｅｉ＝ ０, Ｅｅ２ｉ＝ σ２１ ＞ ０．假定ｙ１,ｙ２,…,ｙｎ 受到另一独立同分布随机变量序列 μ１,μ２,…,μｎ 的污染,｛μｉ｝与｛ｙｉ｝独立,且仅能观察到污染数据．文［１］对由污染数据作出的参数 β的估计 βｎ,证明了它的强相合性,而本文则证明了它的渐近正态性     

四面体中几个不等式的加强

四面体中几个不等式的加强２５７３００山东广饶第一中学侯良田本文对文以［１］中定理１、２的不等式进行加强．为此先证明如下两个引理．引理１ｘ，ｙ，ｚ，ｗ均为正数，且．则证明（ｘ＋ｙ＋ｚ＋ｗ）＝ｘ３＋ｙ３＋ｚ３＋ｗ３＋６（ｘｙｚ＋ｙｚｗ＋ｚｗｘ＋ｗｘｙ）＋...     

一个新颖不等式的加强

本刊“数学问题解答”栏第１１２９题给出了函数组ｘ１,ｘ２,…,ｘｎ的新颖不等式ｍａｘ１≤ｉ≤ｎ｛ｘｉ｝（ｘ１＋２ｘ２＋…＋ｎｘｎ）≥１２（ｘ１＋ｘ２＋…＋ｘｎ）２（１）本文给出式（１）的一个加强,得到定理　设０≤ｄ≤２,ｘｉ＞０,１≤ｉ≤ｎ,则ｍａｘ１≤ｉ≤ｎ｛ｘｉ｝（ｘ１＋（１＋ｄ）ｘ２＋…＋（１＋（ｎ－１）ｄ）ｘｎ）≥（ｎ－１）ｄ＋２２ｎ（ｘ１＋ｘ２＋…＋ｘｎ）２（２）等号成立当仅当ｘ１＝ｘ２＝…＝ｘｎ．证　视（２）式左边减去右边所得的差为ｄ的函数,记作ｇ（ｄ）;显见ｇ（ｄ）是一个线性函数;…     

加密网格点二元局部基插值样条函数

1.简介 由于在理论以及应用两方面的重要性,多元样条引起了许多人的注意([6],[7]),紧支撑光滑分片多项式函数对于曲面的逼近是一个十分有效的工具。由于它们的局部支撑性,它们很容易求值;由于它们的光滑性,它们能被应用到要满足一定光滑条件的情况下;由于它们是紧支撑的,它们的线性包有很大的逼近灵活性,而且用它们构造逼近方法来解决的系统是     

Bivariate Polynomial Natural Spline Interpolation Algorithms with Local Basis for Scattered Data

Because of its importance in both theory and applications, multivariate splines have attracted special attention in many fields. Based on the theory of spline functions in Hilbert spaces, bivariate polynomial natural splines for interpolating, smoothing or generalized interpolating of scattered data over an arbitrary domain are constructed with one-sided functions. However, this method is not well suited for large scale numerical applications. In this paper, a new locally supported basis for the bivariate polynomial natural spline space is constructed. Some properties of this basis are also discussed. Methods to order scattered data are shown and algorithms for bivariate polynomial natural spline interpolating are constructed. The interpolating coefficient matrix is sparse, and thus, the algorithms can be easily implemented in a computer.     

Smoothing scattered data with a monotone Powell-Sabin spline surface

An algorithm is presented for smoothing arbitrarily distributed noisy measurement data with a Powell-Sabin spline surface that satisfies necessary and sufficient monotonicity conditions. The Powell-Sabin spline is expressed as a linear combination of locally supported basis functions used in their Bernstein-Bézier representation. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the performance of the algorithm.     

On explicit basis of bivariate spline space

For a subdivision Δ of a region in d-dimensional Euclidean space, we consider computation of dimension and of basis function in spline space S _k ^r (Δ) consisting of all C piecewise polynomial functions over Δ of degree at most k. A computational scheme is presented for computing the dimension and bases of spline space S _k ^r (Δ). This scheme based on the Grobner basis algorithm and the smooth co-factor method for computing multivariate spline. For bivariate splines, explicit basis functions of S _k ^r (Δ) are obtained for any integer k and r when Δ is a cross-cut partition. The Project is partly supported by the Science and Technology New Star Plan of Beijing and Education Committee of Beijing.     

Applications of optimally local interpolation to interpolatory approximants and compactly supported wavelets

The objective of this paper is to introduce a general scheme for the construction of interpolatory approximation formulas and compactly supported wavelets by using spline functions with arbitrary (nonuniform) knots. Both construction procedures are based on certain ``optimally local' interpolatory fundamental spline functions which are not required to possess any approximation property.

     

Nonnegative surface fitting with Powell-Sabin splines

Algorithms are presented for fitting a nonnegative Powell-Sabin spline to a set of scattered data. Existing necessary and sufficient nonnegativity conditions for a quadratic polynomial on a triangle are used to compose a set of necessary and sufficient nonnegativity constraints for the PS-spline. The PS-spline is expressed as a linear combination of locally supported basis functions, of which the Bernstein-Bézier representation is considered to improve the efficiency. Numerical examples illustrate the profit of nonnegative surface fitting with Powell-Sabin splines.     

Balanced biorthogonal scaling vectors using fractal function macroelements on

Geronimo, Hardin et al. have previously constructed orthogonal and biorthogonal scaling vectors by extending a spline scaling vector with functions supported on [0,1]. Many of these constructions occurred before the concept of balanced scaling vectors was introduced. This paper will show that adding functions on [0,1] is insufficient for extending spline scaling vectors to scaling vectors that are both orthogonal and balanced. We are able, however, to use this technique to extend spline scaling vectors to balanced, biorthogonal scaling vectors, and we provide two large classes of this type of scaling vector, with approximation order two and three, respectively, with two specific constructions with desirable properties in each case. The constructions will use macroelements supported on [0,1], some of which will be fractal functions.     

Multiresolution Analysis by Spherical Up Functions

A new class of locally supported radial basis functions on the (unit) sphere is introduced by forming an infinite number of convolutions of "isotropic finite elements." The resulting up functions show useful properties: They are locally supported and are infinitely often differentiable. The main properties of these kernels are studied in detail. In particular, the development of a multiresolution analysis is given based on locally supported zonal functions within the reference space of square-integrable functions over the sphere.     

Construction of Bivariate Compactly Supported Biorthogonal Box Spline Wavelets with Arbitrarily High Regularities

We give a simple formula for the duals of the filters associated with bivariate box spline functions. We show how to construct bivariate non-separable compactly supported biorthogonal wavelets associated with box spline functions which have arbitrarily high regularities.     

Construction of trivariate compactly supported biorthogonal box spline wavelets

We give a formula for the duals of the masks associated with trivariate box spline functions. We show how to construct trivariate nonseparable compactly supported biorthogonal wavelets associated with box spline functions. The biorthogonal wavelets may have arbitrarily high regularities.