β混合随机变量序列加权和的收敛性

本文研究了混合随机变量序列加权和的收敛性.利用Utev, S.和Peligrad, M不等式得到了混合随机变量序列加权和的收敛性定理及Hajeck-Rènyi型不等式,推广和改进了W.F,Stout,吴群英,J.Hajeck和A.Rènyi.的相应结论.     

群的融合自由积的几种广义Fratttini子群

M.K.Azarian将C.Y.Tang的一个引理推广到了下拟Frattini子群的情况,并且还提出了两个公开问题.为了回答这两个问题,进一步研究了群的融合自由积的一些广义Frattini子群,并且得到了一些结果.     

具有超抛物型极限方程的非线性奇摄动反应扩散问题

讨论了一类具有超抛物型方程的反应扩散问题.首先,证明了比较定理.其次,构造了形式渐近解.然后,利用微分不等式方法,研究了问题解的存在、唯一性和渐近性态.最后得到了原问题解的渐近展开式.     

一类具有跳跃层的非线性反应扩散系统的渐近行为

讨论了一类具有跳跃层的反应扩散系统.首先,求出了问题的外部解.其次,引入伸长变量,构造了跳跃层校正项.最后,利用微分不等式理论,得到了原问题解的一致有效的渐近展开式.从而研究了相应问题的解的渐近性态.     

关于z.Ditzian定理

1987年Z.Ditzian提出了反映Bernstein算子收敛阶与所逼近函数光滑模之间关系的一个定理,并在α+β≤2情形下给出了这个定理的证明.对于α+β》2情形,Z.Ditzian给出了猜想.1992年周定轩证明了Z.Ditzian的猜想,完成了Z.Ditzian定理的证明.本文对于Z.Ditzian定理给出了一个新的直接证明,这个证明不需要讨论α,β的情况,而且还将Z.Ditzian定理拓广到Bernstein算子线性组合上.     

不对称柔性壁管道内幂律流体蠕动传输的精确解

在不对称管道内,研究了壁面柔曲性对非Newton流体蠕动流的影响.流变学性质由幂律流体本构方程表征.在数学表达中,采用了长波和低Reynolds数近似.得到了流函数和速度的精确解.给出了流线图及其俘获现象.对所讨论的流动,陈列了关键参数的显著特征,并最后给出了主要结论.     

多维布朗运动的几个极限定理

本文研究了d(≥3)维布朗运动离开起点a.s.趋向无穷远的速度问题,获得了精密的结果.作为推论,给出了一个有趣的重对数律.同时,我们也给出了布朗运动靠近起点的相应性质.     

空中加油问题的递推模型与调度策略

首先对空中加油问题进行了分析,提取了相关性质,在此基础上建立了问题的递推模型.根据该模型,提出了一种启发式搜索算法.该算法计算复杂度低,适用性好.对应于辅机是否可以多次起飞,该算法分为两子算法.对这两种不同情况下的具体问题,设计了相关的优化函数.所有算法都在计算机中运行,并得到了相应结果.值得指出的是,提出的启发式搜索算法十分高效.对于问题1和问题2,该算法所得解是约束条件下的最优调度策略.对于问题3,问题4,问题5,该算法所得解逼近最优调度策略.     

Maxwell流体在有限长管道中作不稳定的蠕动传输:食道吞咽进程分析

解析地研究了有限长管道中Maxwell流体的不稳定蠕动传输.管壁受到不超过静止边界的收缩波作用.对无量纲形式的方程,应用长波长近似进行分析.导出了轴向速度和径向速度的表达式,评估了沿波长和管道长度方向的压力.讨论了回流现象,确定了回流极限区域.对食道中咀嚼食物(如面包、蛋白等)传输的数学公式给出了物理上的解释.可以看出,与Newton流体相比,Maxwell流体有利于在食道中的流动.与Takahashi等[Rheology,1999,27:169-172]的实验结果相符合.进一步揭示了松弛时间既不影响剪应力,也不影响回流极限.发现了压力的峰值,对整数值波列是相同的,而对非整数值波列是不同的.     

一类非对称结构线性方程组的子结构预处理子(英文)

针对一类具结构的非对称线性方程组提出了一类子结构预处理子,该预处理子只保留了约束条件的一半项.研究表明,预处理矩阵只有三个离散的特征值.为了避免计算Schur补的逆,还给出了正则化的子结构预处理子,同样对预处理矩阵进行了谱分析.这些结果将Zhou和Niu(Zhou J T,Niu Q.Substructure preconditioners for a class of structuredlinear systems of equations.Math.Comput.Model.,2010,52:1547-1553)的结果推广到非对称结构线性方程组.数值算例验证了提出的子结构预处理子的有效性.     

Micro/nano sliding plate problem with Navier boundary condition

For Newtonian flow through micro or nano sized channels, the no-slip boundary condition does not apply and must be replaced by a condition which more properly reflects surface roughness. Here we adopt the so-called Navier boundary condition for the sliding plate problem, which is one of the fundamental problems of fluid mechanics. When the no-slip boundary condition is used in the study of the motion of a viscous Newtonian fluid near the intersection of fixed and moving rigid plane boundaries, singular pressure and stress profiles are obtained, leading to a non-integrable force on each boundary. Here we examine the effects of replacing the no-slip boundary condition by a boundary condition which attempts to account for boundary slip due to the tangential shear at the boundary. The Navier boundary condition, possesses a single parameter to account for the slip, the slip length ℓ, and two solutions are obtained; one integral transform solution and a similarity solution which is valid away from the corner. For the former the tangential stress on each boundary is obtained as a solution of a set of coupled integral equations. The particular case solved is right-angled corner flow and equal slip lengths on each boundary. It is found that when the slip length is non-zero the force on each boundary is finite. It is also found that for a suffciently large distance from the corner the tangential stress on each boundary is equal to that of the classical solution. The similarity solution involves two restrictions, either a right-angled corner flow or a dependence on the two slip lengths for each boundary. When the tangential stress on each boundary is calculated from the similarity solution, it is found that the similarity solution makes no additional contribution to the tangential stress of that of the classical solution, thus in agreement with the findings of the integral transform solution. Values of the radial component of velocity along the line θ = π /4 for increasing distance from the corner for the similarity and integral transform solutions are compared, confirming their agreement for sufficiently large distances from the corner. (Received: November 9, 2005)     

Construction of Solutions and L^1-error Estimates of Viscous Methods for Scalar Conservation Laws with Boundary

This paper is concerned with an initial boundary value problem for strictly convex conservation laws whose weak entropy solution is in the piecewise smooth solution class consisting of finitely many discontinuities. By the structure of the weak entropy solution of the corresponding initial value problem and the boundary entropy condition developed by Bardos-Leroux Nedelec, we give a construction method to the weak entropy solution of the initial boundary value problem. Compared with the initial value problem, the weak entropy solution of the initial boundary value problem includes the following new interaction type： an expansion wave collides with the boundary and the boundary reflects a new shock wave which is tangent to the boundary. According to the structure and some global estimates of the weak entropy solution, we derive the global L^1-error estimate for viscous methods to this initial boundary value problem by using the matching travelling wave solutions method. If the inviscid solution includes the interaction that an expansion wave collides with the boundary and the boundary reflects a new shock wave which is tangent to the boundary, or the inviscid solution includes some shock wave which is tangent to the boundary, then the error of the viscosity solution to the inviscid solution is bounded by O（ε^1/2） in L^1-norm; otherwise, as in the initial value problem, the L^1-error bound is O（ε｜ In ε｜）.     

受扩散与时滞及食物限制影响的人口模型

考虑一类修正的L og istic模型,带有扩散与时滞及非线性的边界条件.利用上下解方法证明解的存在唯一性,当边界流量为负时,0解是渐近稳定的,当边界流量为正时,解在有限时刻达到饱和.     

Approximations for the values of american options

The solution of the American option valuation problem is the solution of a parabolic partial differential equation satisfying free boundary conditions. The free boundary represents the critical price, at which the option should be exercised. In this paper the free boundary is determined by an algebraic relation and an approximate solution derived. A suitable modification of the approximate solution gives the exact solution. The uniqueness of the free boundary implies the expression determined by the algebraic relation is the true critical price     

Solution for a problem of linear plane elasticity with mixed boundary conditions on an ellipse by the method of boundary integrals

A numerical boundary integral scheme is proposed for the solution of the system of field equations of plane, linear elasticity in stresses for homogeneous, isotropic media in the domain bounded by an ellipse under mixed boundary conditions. The stresses are prescribed on one half of the ellipse, while the displacements are given on the other half. The method relies on previous analytical work within the Boundary Integral Method [1], [2].The considered problem with mixed boundary conditions is replaced by two subproblems with homogeneous boundary conditions, one of each type, having a common solution. The equations are reduced to a system of boundary integral equations, which is then discretized in the usual way and the problem at this stage is reduced to the solution of a rectangular linear system of algebraic equations. The unknowns in this system of equations are the boundary values of four harmonic functions which define the full elastic solution inside the domain, and the unknown boundary values of stresses or displacements on proper parts of the boundary.On the basis of the obtained results, it is inferred that the tangential stress component on the fixed part of the boundary has a singularity at each of the two separation points, thought to be of logarithmic type. A tentative form for the singular solution is proposed to calculate the full solution in bulk directly from the given boundary conditions using the well-known Boundary Collocation Method. It is shown that this addition substantially decreases the error in satisfying the boundary conditions on some interval not containing the singular points.The obtained results are discussed and boundary curves for unknown functions are provided, as well as three-dimensional plots for quantities of practical interest. The efficiency of the used numerical schemes is discussed, in what concerns the number of boundary nodes needed to calculate the approximate solution.     

一类四阶非线性奇摄动方程的边值问题

利用匹配渐近展开法,讨论了一类四阶非线性方程的具有两个边界层的奇摄动边值问题．引进伸长变量,根据边界条件与匹配原则,在一定的可解性条件下,给出了外部解和左右边界层附近的内层解,得到了该问题的二阶渐近解,并举例说明了这类非线性问题渐近解的存在性．     

An Algorithm of Linear Combinations: Thermal Conduction

This paper presents computational algorithms that make it possible to overcome some difficulties in the numerical solving boundary value problems of thermal conduction when the solution domain has a complex form or the boundary conditions differ from the standard ones. The boundary contours are assumed to be broken lines (the 2D case) or triangles (the 3D case). The boundary conditions and calculation results are presented as discrete functions whose values or averaged values are given at the geometric centers of the boundary elements. The boundary conditions can be imposed on the heat flows through the boundary elements as well as on the temperature, a linear combination of the temperature and the heat flow intensity both at the boundary of the solution domain and inside it. The solution to the boundary value problem is presented in the form of a linear combination of fundamental solutions of the Laplace equation and their partial derivatives, as well as any solutions of these equations that are regular in the solution domain, and the values of functions which can be calculated at the points of the boundary of the solution domain and at its internal points. If a solution included in the linear combination has a singularity at a boundary element, its average value over this boundary element is considered.     

Convergence of the Neumann Series in BEM for the Neumann Problem of the Stokes System

A weak solution of the Neumann problem for the Stokes system in Sobolev space is studied in a bounded Lipschitz domain with connected boundary. A solution is looked for in the form of a hydrodynamical single layer potential. It leads to an integral equation on the boundary of the domain. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of the problem are given. Moreover, it is shown that we can obtain a solution of this integral equation using the successive approximation method. Then the consequences for the direct boundary integral equation method are treated. A solution of the Neumann problem for the Stokes system is the sum of the hydrodynamical single layer potential corresponding to the boundary condition and the hydrodynamical double layer potential corresponding to the trace of the velocity part of the solution. Using boundary behavior of potentials we get an integral equation on the boundary of the domain where the trace of the velocity part of the solution is unknown. It is shown that we can obtain a solution of this integral equation using the successive approximation method.     

Universal boundary value problem for equations of mathematical physics

A new statement of a boundary value problem for partial differential equations is discussed. An arbitrary solution to a linear elliptic, hyperbolic, or parabolic second-order differential equation is considered in a given domain of Euclidean space without any constraints imposed on the boundary values of the solution or its derivatives. The following question is studied: What conditions should hold for the boundary values of a function and its normal derivative if this function is a solution to the linear differential equation under consideration? A linear integral equation is defined for the boundary values of a solution and its normal derivative; this equation is called a universal boundary value equation. A universal boundary value problem is a linear differential equation together with a universal boundary value equation. In this paper, the universal boundary value problem is studied for equations of mathematical physics such as the Laplace equation, wave equation, and heat equation. Applications of the analysis of the universal boundary value problem to problems of cosmology and quantum mechanics are pointed out.     

A bifurcation phenomenon in a singularly perturbed two-phase free boundary problem of phase transition

In this paper, we prove a bifurcation phenomenon in a two-phase, singularly perturbed, free boundary problem of phase transition. We show that the uniqueness of the solution for the two-phase problem breaks down as the boundary data decreases through a threshold value. For boundary values below the threshold, there are at least three solutions, namely, the harmonic solution which is treated as a trivial solution in the absence of a free boundary, a nontrivial minimizer of the functional under consideration, and a third solution of the mountain-pass type. We classify these solutions according to the stability through evolution. The evolution with initial data near a stable solution, such as the trivial harmonic solution or a minimizer of the functional, converges to the stable solution. On the other hand, the evolution deviates away from a non-minimal solution of the free boundary problem.