Recursive Kernels

This paper is an extension of earlier papers [8, 9] on the “native” Hilbert spaces of functions on some domain Ω ⊂ R ^d in which conditionally positive definite kernels are reproducing kernels. Here, the focus is on subspaces of native spaces which are induced via subsets of Ω, and we shall derive a recursive subspace structure of these, leading to recursively defined reproducing kernels. As an application, we get a recursive Neville-Aitken-type interpolation process and a recursively defined orthogonal basis for interpolation by translates of kernels.     

Real Inversion Formulas of the Laplace Transform on Weighted Function Spaces

We investigate compactness of linear operators associated with the real inversion formulas of the Laplace transform, coming with weighted Sobolev reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces on the half line R ⁺. We present concrete reproducing kernels along with several typical examples. Submitted: October 13, 2007. Accepted: November 11, 2007.     

An Integral Formula for Weighted Bergman Reproducing Kernels

An integral formula is obtained for reproducing kernels in weighted Bergman spaces with radial and logarithmically subharmonic weights in the unit disk. We deduce from it that these reproducing kernels have a special structure leading to the contractive divisor property of extermal functions.     

Reproducing kernels of generalized Sobolev spaces via a Green function approach with distributional operators

In this paper we introduce a generalized Sobolev space by defining a semi-inner product formulated in terms of a vector distributional operator P consisting of finitely or countably many distributional operators P _n , which are defined on the dual space of the Schwartz space. The types of operators we consider include not only differential operators, but also more general distributional operators such as pseudo-differential operators. We deduce that a certain appropriate full-space Green function G with respect to L := P ^*T P now becomes a conditionally positive function. In order to support this claim we ensure that the distributional adjoint operator P ^* of P is well-defined in the distributional sense. Under sufficient conditions, the native space (reproducing-kernel Hilbert space) associated with the Green function G can be embedded into or even be equivalent to a generalized Sobolev space. As an application, we take linear combinations of translates of the Green function with possibly added polynomial terms and construct a multivariate minimum-norm interpolant s _f,X to data values sampled from an unknown generalized Sobolev function f at data sites located in some set X ì \mathbbR^d{X \subset \mathbb{R}^d}. We provide several examples, such as Matérn kernels or Gaussian kernels, that illustrate how many reproducing-kernel Hilbert spaces of well-known reproducing kernels are equivalent to a generalized Sobolev space. These examples further illustrate how we can rescale the Sobolev spaces by the vector distributional operator P. Introducing the notion of scale as part of the definition of a generalized Sobolev space may help us to choose the “best” kernel function for kernel-based approximation methods.     

Reproducing kernel approximation in weighted Bergman spaces: Algorithm and applications

In this paper, we present algorithms of preorthogonal adaptive Fourier decomposition (POAFD) in weighted Bergman spaces. POAFD, as has been studied, gives rise to sparse approximations as linear combinations of the corresponding reproducing kernels. It is found that POAFD is unavailable in some weighted Hardy spaces that do not enjoy the boundary vanishing condition; as a result, the maximal selections of the parameters are not guaranteed. We overcome this difficulty with two strategies. One is to utilize the shift operator while the other is to perform weak POAFD. In the cases when the reproducing kernels are rational functions, POAFD provides rational approximations. This approximation method may be used to 1D signal processing. It is, in particular, effective to some Hardy H^p space functions for p not being equal to 2. Weighted Bergman spaces approximation may be used in system identification of discrete time‐varying systems. The promising effectiveness of the POAFD method in weighted Bergman spaces is confirmed by a set of experiments. A sequence of functions as models of the weighted Hardy spaces, being a wider class than the weighted Bergman spaces, are given, of which some are used to illustrate the algorithm and to evaluate its effectiveness over other Fourier type methods.     

Methoden zur Bestimmung von Reprokernen

Methods to determine reproducing kernels. The explicit representation of continuous linear functionals on a Hilbert space by reprokernels is significant for interpolation and approximation. Starting with the kernels theorem, due to Schwartz, we develop methods to determine reprokernels for the Sobolev spaces W₂^k(Ω) if Ω R¹, and for some subspaces of W₂^k(Ω) if ΩRⁿ. Then we determine reprokernels for tensor products of Hilbert spaces. In addition to this we consider three types of limits of reprokernels.     

Summability Kernels for <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Superscript> Multipliers

In this article we study the problem of extending Fourier Multipliers on L ^p (T) to those on L ^p (R) by taking convolution with a kernel, called a summability kernel. We characterize the space of such kernels for the cases p = 1 and p = 2. For other values of p we give a necessary condition for a function to be a summability kernel. For the case p = 1, we present properties of measures which are transferred from M(T) to M(R) by summability kernels. Furthermore it is shown that every l _p sequence can be extended to some L ^q (R) multipliers for certain values of p and q.     

Translation-Invariant Bilinear Operators with Positive Kernels

We study L ^r (or L ^{r, ∞}) boundedness for bilinear translation-invariant operators with nonnegative kernels acting on functions on \mathbb Rⁿ{\mathbb {R}^n}. We prove that if such operators are bounded on some products of Lebesgue spaces, then their kernels must necessarily be integrable functions on \mathbb R²ⁿ{\mathbb R^{2n}}, while via a counterexample we show that the converse statement is not valid. We provide certain necessary and some sufficient conditions on nonnegative kernels yielding boundedness for the corresponding operators on products of Lebesgue spaces. We also prove that, unlike the linear case where boundedness from L ¹ to L ¹ and from L ¹ to L ^{1, ∞} are equivalent properties, boundedness from L ¹ × L ¹ to L ^1/2 and from L ¹ × L ¹ to L ^{1/2, ∞} may not be equivalent properties for bilinear translation-invariant operators with nonnegative kernels.     

The Subelliptic Heat Kernels on SL(2, ℝ) and on its Universal Covering \widetilde{\mathbf{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})}: Integral Representations and Some Functional Inequalities

In this paper, we study a subelliptic heat kernel on the Lie group SL(2, ℝ) and on its universal covering [(SL(2,\mathbbR))\tilde]\widetilde{\mathbf{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})}. The subelliptic structure on SL(2,ℝ) comes from the fibration SO(2)→SL(2,ℝ) →H ² and it can be lifted to [(SL(2,\mathbbR))\tilde]\widetilde{\mathbf{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})}. First, we derive an integral representation for these heat kernels. These expressions allow us to obtain some asymptotics in small times of the heat kernels and give us a way to compute the subriemannian distance. Then, we establish some gradient estimates and some functional inequalities like a Li-Yau type estimate and a reverse Poincaré inequality that are valid for both heat kernels.     

Some Problems in Operator Theory on Bounded Symmetric Domains

We discuss some problems concerning the operators K _m (Z,Z ^*), where K _m is the reproducing kernel of the Peter–Weyl space with signature m and Z stands for the commuting tuple of operators of multiplication by the coordinate variables on a bounded symmetric domain. These problems have applications for construction of operator models, as well as for a possible generalization of the recent dilation theory for row contractions due to Arveson.     

Littlewood–Paley Theory and Function Spaces with Alocp Weights

Characterizations via convolutions with smooth compactly supported kernels and other distinguished properties of the weighted Besov–Lipschitz and Triebel–Lizorkin spaces on ℝⁿ with weights that are locally in A_p but may grow or decrease exponentially at infinity are investigated. Square–function characterizations of the weighted L^p and Hardy spaces with the above class of weights are also obtained. A certain local variant of the Calderón reproducing formula is constructed and widely used in the proofs.     

Hierarchies of higher order kernels

Summary Recent literature on functional estimation has shown the importance of kernels with vanishing moments although no general framework was given to build kernels of increasing order apart from some specific methods based on moment relationships. The purpose of the present paper is to develop such a framework and to show how to build higher order kernels with nice properties and to solve optimization problems about kernels. The proofs given here, unlike standard variational arguments, explain why some hierarchies of kernels do have optimality properties. Applications are given to functional estimation in a general context. In the last section special attention is paid to density estimates based on kernels of order (m, r), i.e., kernels of orderr for estimation of derivatives of orderm. Convergence theorems are easily derived from interpretation by means of projections inL ² spaces.     

The trisecant identity and operator theory

For the special case of a Riemann surface which arises as the double of a planar domainR, the trisecant identity has a natural interpretation as a relation among reproducing kernels for subspaces of the Hardy spaceH ² (R). This relation and Riemann's theorem on the vanishing of the theta function is applied to Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation onR.     

Bicomplex Weighted Hardy Spaces and Bicomplex <Emphasis Type="Italic">C</Emphasis>*-algebras

In this paper we study the bicomplex version of weighted Hardy spaces. Further, we describe reproducing kernels for the bicomplex weighted Hardy spaces. In particular, we generalize some results which holds for the classical weighted Hardy spaces. We also introduce the notion of bicomplex C*-algebra and discuss some of its properties.     

Convergence and Stability of the Calder��n Reproducing Formula in H 1 and BMO

We prove that a general form of the Calderón reproducing formula converges in H ¹(R ^d ) (the real Hardy space of Fefferman and Stein) as a natural limit of approximating integrals. We show that this convergence is H ¹-stable with respect to small errors in dilation and translation. Using duality, we show that the Calderón reproducing formula converges, in a stable fashion, weak-∗ in BMO. We give quantitative estimates of the formula’s stability and rate of convergence. These theorems generalize results of the author on the convergence and stability of the Calderón reproducing formula in L ^p (w), where 1<p<∞ and w is a Muckenhoupt A _p weight.     

Wavelets on S3 and SO(3)—Their construction,relation to each other and Radon transform of wavelets on SO(3)

The paper at hand is concerned with creating a flexible wavelet theory on the three sphere S³ and the rotation group SO(3). The theory of zonal functions and reproducing kernels will be used to develop conditions for an admissible wavelet. After explaining some preliminaries on group actions and some basics on approximation theory, we will prove reconstruction formulas of linear and bilinear wavelet transformed L²‐functions on S³. Moreover, specific examples will be constructed and visualized. Second, we deal with the construction of wavelets on the rotation group SO(3). It will be shown that the Radon transform of a wavelet packet on SO(3) gives a wavelet packet on S² for every fixed detection direction. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adapting product kernels to curves in the plane

We study the L^p–boundedness properties of convolution operators whose convolution kernels are obtained by adapting product kernels to curves in the plane.in final form: 17 November 2003     

Some boundary fractal properties of the convolution transform of measures by an approximate identity

We consider the convolution transforms of measures on ℝ ^d defined by some approximate identity. We shall establish some relations between the irregular boundary properties of the convolution function and the local Lipschitz exponent of the measure. In particular, the results can be applied to the Poisson and Gauss-Weierstrass kernels. We can then obtain some singular boundary behavior of positive harmonic or parabolic functions on ℝ ₊ ^d+1 by multifractal analysis of measures. Research supported by the NNSF of China     

Segal–Bargmann and Weyl transforms on compact Lie groups

We present an elementary derivation of the reproducing kernel for invariant Fock spaces associated with compact Lie groups which, as ólafsson and ?rsted showed in (Lie Theory and its Applicaitons in Physics. World Scientific, 1996), yields a simple proof of the unitarity of Hall’s Segal–Bargmann transform for compact Lie groups K. Further, we prove certain Hermite and character expansions for the heat and reproducing kernels on K and K_{\mathbb C}{K_{\mathbb C}} . Finally, we introduce a Toeplitz (or Wick) calculus as an attempt to have a quantization of the functions on K_{\mathbb C}{K_{\mathbb C}} as operators on the Hilbert space L ²(K).     

Time dependent Lyapunov functions for some Kolmogorov semigroups perturbed by unbounded potentials

We study global regularity properties of transition kernels associated to second order differential operators in \mathbb R^N{\mathbb {R}^N} with unbounded drift and potential terms. Under suitable conditions, we prove pointwise upper bounds. We use time dependent Lyapunov function techniques allowing us to gain a better time behaviour of such kernels.