中央空调系统节能设计

根据商场的冷负荷平衡公式,求得商场的平均客流量;利用数据拟合、插值等算法对商场的逐时客流量进行了优化,并建立了以人流量和外部环境温度为变量的商场冷负荷模型;采用模糊控制策略建立了保持商场内部温度稳定的数学模型,可以实现对中央空调系统供冷量的逐时控制;运用微积分原理建立了基准冷负荷的数学模型,为直接基于基准能耗的控制策略提供了可行性依据.     

磨削过程中温度场的数学模型

本文通过建立单颗磨粒的热源,再考虑多颗磨粒在磨削区的分布,从而建立了磨削过程中温度场的数学模型.使对磨削温度场的理论研究进入了“微观”的层次,为计算机仿真奠定了基础.     

中央空调系统节能设计问题

通过分析中央空调系统的工作原理,针对中央空调系统节能设计中的几个关键问题做了探讨和计算.在已有数据欠缺的条件下,通过拟合恢复部分原始数据,利用双目标规划建立了符合维持温度和节能要求的数学模型,基于冷负荷控制算法给出了相应控制策略.     

射流通道内方柱发热器件的几何设计北大核心CSCD

基于构形理论,建立了二维射流通道内导热基座上方柱离散热源的散热优化模型.给定离散热源的总纵截面面积和热源高度为约束条件,以系统最高温度和熵产率为优化目标,以各热源的长度比为优化变量进行了几何设计,并分析了射流速度和热源间距对热源最优构形的影响.当射流速度和热源间距给定时,均存在最优长度比使系统最高温度和熵产率最低,但对应不同射流速度和热源间距的最优长度比不同.研究结果可为方柱发热器件的热设计提供理论指导.     

线材无模拉拔成形力数学模型研究

采用上限法确定了钨合金线材无模拉拔成形速度场及力能参数物理模型.分析了钨合金线材无模拉拔成形的变形模型、速度场以及力能参数的影响因素及影响规律,无模成形力能参数的影响因素主要有冷热源间距、断面减缩率、变形温度、拉伸速度、冷热源移动速度以及材料种类等,为无模拉拔成形工艺工业化应用奠定基础.     

轴向数控磁力轴承系统的研究

本文建立了轴向磁力轴承的动力学方程和数学模型 ,阐述了基于数学模型分析的数字控制系统的设计方法 .介绍了本课题设计的新型数字控制系统 .试验表明该系统具有较好的控制稳定性和运转稳定性 ,具有较强的承载力 .     

校园信息网的设计和调节收费方案

本文主要利用排队论等方法建立了校园信息网的设计和调节收费问题的数学模型 ,从而给出了一种网络设计和调节收费方案     

一种民间游戏的数学模型

针对一民间游戏建立了相应的数学模型,给出了一般算法,讨论了相关性质和应用前景,设计了一个应用实例.     

一种基于数独的新试验设计

通过研究数独方的构成与设计,建立了一种基于数独的新试验设计,给出了这种设计的数学模型与统计分析。该设计能安排单因素的n个水平,并能在行、列、块3个方向控制变异性。     

生产中的数学题解——球面圆弧方程式的推导

根据在某个球形产品的设计中的实际问题 ,本文建立了该问题的数学模型并推导出需求的球面圆弧方程式 .     

Computational treatment of free convection effects on perfectly conducting viscoelastic fluid

We introduced a magnetohydrodynamic model of boundary-layer equations for a perfectly conducting viscoelastic fluid. This model is applied to study the effects of free convection currents with one relaxation time on the flow of a perfectly conducting viscoelastic fluid through a porous medium, which is bounded by a vertical plane surface. The state space approach is adopted for the solution of one-dimensional problems. The resulting formulation together with the Laplace transform technique is applied to a thermal shock problem and a problem for the flow between two parallel fixed plates, both without heat sources. Also a problem for the semi-infinite space in the presence of heat sources is considered. A discussion of the effects of cooling and heating on a perfectly conducting viscoelastic fluid is given. Numerical results are illustrated graphically for each problem considered.     

Measuring heat transfer during spray cooling using controlled induction-heating experiments and computational models

This paper presents a methodology combining experimental measurements with computational modeling to find the heat flux extracted during spray cooling of a metal surface. Controlled experiments are performed to impinge air-mist spray onto a metal probe surface while applying induction heating to follow a desired temperature history. A transient axisymmetric computational model of induction heating which couples electromagnetics and heat conduction has been developed and validated with a test problem. The model is calibrated to match transient dry measurements and then used to simulate a steady-state air-mist spray cooling experiment in order to quantify the heat extracted from the probe surface by the boiling water droplets. A detailed example is presented to illustrate this approach.     

Effect of a gradient heating on the stress-strain state of a plate

The solution of a thermoelasticity problem is constructed and the effect of a preliminary cooling and heating by cylindrical heat sources of different intensities on the thermoelastic state of an infinite thin plate is investigated.Translated from Matematicheskie Metody i Fiziko-mekhanicheskie Polya, No. 26, pp. 35–39, 1987.     

Exergoeconomic optimal performance of an irreversible closed Brayton cycle combined cooling,heating and power plant

A combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) plant model composed of an irreversible closed Brayton cycle and an endoreversible four-heat-reservoir absorption refrigeration cycle is established by using finite time thermodynamics. The irreversibilities considered in the CCHP plant include heat-resistance losses in the hot-, cold-, thermal consumer-, generator-, absorber-, condenser- and evaporator-side heat exchangers as well as non-isentropic losses in the compression and expansion processes. Equations of exergy efficiency and profit rate of the CCHP plant are derived. Based on the finite time exergoeconomic analysis method, profit rate optimization is carried out by searching the optimal compressor pressure ratio and the optimal heat conductance distributions of the seven heat exchangers for a fixed total heat exchanger inventory and with the help of Powell arithmetic. The effects of some design parameters, including compressor and gas turbine efficiencies, ratio of heat demanded by the thermal consumer to power output, heat reservoir temperature ratios and price ratios on the optimal heat conductance distributions, optimal compressor pressure ratio, maximum profit rate and finite time exergoeconomic performance bound of the CCHP plant are discussed by numerical examples. The results obtained may provide some theoretical guidelines for the designs and operations of the practical CCHP plants.     

Heat transfer to power-law fluids in thermal entrance region with viscous dissipation for constant heat flux conditions

An analytical solution of the heat transfer problem with viscous dissipation for non-Newtonian fluids with power-law model in the thermal entrance region of a circular pipe and two parallel plates under constant heat flux conditions is obtained using eigenvalue approach by suitably replacing one of the boundary conditions by total energy balance equation. Analytical expressions for the wall and the bulk temperatures and the local Nusselt number are presented. The results are in close agreement with those obtained by implicit finite-difference scheme. It is found that the role of viscous dissipation on heat transfer is completely different for heating and cooling conditions at the wall. The results for the case of cooling at the wall are of interest in the design of the oil pipe line.     

Numerical analysis of turbine blade cooling ducts

The cooling of turbine blades in turbines is enhanced by providing the cooling ducts with ribs, so-called turbulators. It is investigated how these ribs influence the heat transfer of the cooling air on the blades. A model is given to study this problem such that it lends itself to a numerical approach. A detailed discussion is given of the problem involved. It is shown how the ideas are implemented in a numerical code. The results of the simulations are assessed showing a practical way to test the quality of these cooling ducts.     

Multiple crane scheduling in a batch annealing process with no-delay constraints for machine unloading

In this work, we focus on the scheduling of multi-crane operations in an iron and steel enterprise for a two-stage batch annealing process. The first stage is the heating process, and the second stage is the cooling process. To start the heating (cooling) stage, a special machine called a furnace (cooler) must be loaded. The real constraints of no-delay machine unloading are defined as follows: once the heating (cooling) is completed, the furnace (cooler) must be unloaded by crane immediately. The goal is to schedule limited machines (furnaces and coolers) operated by multiple cranes to minimize the completion time of the last annealed coil (makespan). We formulate a mixed-integer linear programming model to address this problem. Certain feasible properties are identified to avoid crane conflicts and ensure that the machine unloading no-delay constraints are met. Based on these necessary conditions, we then present a heuristic algorithm with running time in connection with the number of cranes, coils and machines. A lower bound to the problem is also developed. Through theoretical analysis, we show the worst-case bound of our heuristic algorithm. The average performances of the solution approaches are computationally evaluated. The computational results show that the proposed heuristic algorithm is capable of generating good quality solutions.     

Optimal design of a dry-type natural-draft cooling tower by geometric programming

In this paper, the optimal design of dry-type natural-draft cooling towers is investigated. Using physical laws and engineering design relations that govern the system, a rather detailed optimization model is developed. This model is then reformulated as a geometric programming problem. A primary consideration in this reformulation is how certain polynomial equations may be effectively replaced by inequalities. A numerical example follows.     

Application of a lumped model to solids with linearly temperature-dependent thermal conductivity

The application of a simple lumped model to unsteady cooling (or heating) processes in solids involving heat convection is limited by the value of the Biot number, Bi. For Bi < 0.1, assuming constant thermal properties, the lumped model approximates the exact solutions with only a small error. In this paper we study the lumped model for a 1-D rectangular solid, when thermal conductivity depends linearly on temperature, a type of dependence very common in metals and alloys at a wide range of working temperatures. From the study, new limits for the Biot are deduced as a function of a sole dimensionless parameter defined from the extreme values of thermal conductivity. The Biot limits depend on the thermal process (heating or cooling) and on the type of temperature dependence—positive or negative.     

Thermal deformation of oriented irradiated polyethylene and ethylene-propylene copolymer under uniaxial tensile load

The deformation of preoriented irradiated polyethylene and ethylenepropylene copolymer has been investigated under conditions of multiple heating above the melting point of the crystals and subsequent cooling with application of a constant uniaxial tensile load. The specimens are found to shorten during heating and to lengthen during cooling. However, this process is not reversible and irreversible elongation of the specimen occurs during each temperature cycle (heating and cooling).Mekhanika Polimerov. Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 392–394, 1967