公众参与下的企业环境行为演化研究

公众参与对环境治理非常重要并越来越受到社会各界的关注.本文采用演化博弈理论方法,建立了公众与排污企业行为交互过程的演化模型,用数值仿真展示了决策参数的不同取值和初始条件的改变对演化结果的影响.研究发现,公众参与下的企业环境行为路径演化系统既可以向良好状态演化,也可以“锁定”于不良状态;通过调节模型中的参数可以跳出不良“锁定”状态.本文的分析和结果可以为环境治理提供相应的参考.     

创新驱动背景下大学生创新创业行为演化研究

大学生创新创业在国家创新驱动战略中应占据关键位置.采用演化博弈理论,建立大学生与就读地政府行为交互过程的动态演化模型,用数值仿真展示了决策参数不同取值和初始条件改变对演化结果的影响.研究发现,大学生创新创业行为路径演化系统收敛于两种模式:良好状态模式和"锁定"状态模式;通过调节模型中的参数收敛于不同模式的概率发生显著变化,这为制定大学生创新创业长效机制的制度建设提供了非常大的操作空间,既可从物质支持、政策扶持上寻"方法",也可从"个体成长"、"职业发展"和"人力资本"上找"突破",以跳出不良"锁定"状态,实现大学生创新创业良性发展.     

基于博弈理论的大学生考试作弊问题分析

考试作弊已经成为一种社会不良现象,在考试过程中,学生、监考与巡考构成了一个复杂的博弈体系.首先针对100名来自不同大学各个年级的同学进行相关网上问卷调查,客观真实的得出影响作弊行为的相关因素,随后利用完全信息静态博弈理论、建立学生与学生、学生与监考、监考与巡考之间的博弈模型,寻找混合策略纳什均衡;利用演化博弈理论,建立学生与学生之间的动态复制方程来找出系统进化向不良状态演化原因,最终基于原因针对性的改进大学生考试制度.     

基于演化博弈的大学生考试作弊的机会主义行为治理研究

大学生考试作弊的机会主义行为不利于形成公平有效的考核、选拔环境,在我国构建诚信社会的背景下,大学生考试作弊行为的研究更为重要.将学生分为成绩好的学生和成绩差的学生两类学生群体,用演化博弈的方法对大学生考试作弊的机会主义行为的演化进行解释和分析,研究了大学生群体向作弊及诚实考试演变的影响因素,以及所达到的均衡状态.得到结论:考试作弊还是诚信行为的最终演化结果和初始状态有关,增加学生考试作弊的成本,减少作弊可能带来的收益,同时努力的提高群体的诚信考试氛围等措施对于遏制考试作弊有很重要的作用.     

团队规范下管制员违章行为演化与监管研究

为发现团队规范下管制员违章行为及监管策略的演化博弈规律,运用演化博弈理论,构建安全管理者与管制员演化博弈模型,分析博弈系统均衡点的局部稳定性。在此基础上建立演化博弈的系统动力学模型,仿真模拟不同情形下博弈双方策略选择的动态演化过程,并分析模型参数变化对系统演化结果的影响。结果表明:正的团队规范有助于系统演化至理想模式,负的团队规范会使系统陷入“不良锁定”模式和“震荡”模式;管制员行为收益、行为成本、被监查到的概率、处罚力度、监管成本等因素均对系统演化结果产生影响。鼓励班组成员对违章行为进行否定性评价、加大对管制员的处罚力度等均能够长效促进管制员主动遵章。     

有限理性条件下演化博弈行为分析

基于博弈双方有限理性的假设,运用动力系统的相关理论和方法对一般2×2非对称演化博弈过程建立了动态复制方程,并对博弈双方在演化过程中的行为进行了分析,得出博弈双方交互系统均衡点及稳定性相应的结论及其全部动力学行为.     

低碳经济下环境NGO参与企业碳减排的演化博弈分析

针对我国经济可持续发展中不可回避的碳排放问题,构建了企业碳减排过程中企业、政府和环境NGO的三方演化博弈模型及其动态复制方程,解出了该模型的10个均衡点并对均衡点的局部稳定性进行了分析,最后运用Matlab工具对企业、政府和环境NGO的交互行为演化过程进行数值仿真,分析各参数变动对系统演化结果的影响,探究影响系统演化至理想状态的影响因素及其影响机理。研究结果表明:影响企业是否采取低碳生产方式的主要影响因素是企业低碳生产所需付出的成本;政府是否调控主要取决于政府对企业的罚款和政府的调控成本;环境NGO是否监督主要取决于政府和公众对其的资助与监督成本的大小。     

突发公共卫生事件下高校封闭管理的演化博弈分析

针对当前尚未有突发公共卫生事件下高校封闭管理多方博弈问题的研究现状,建立了以高校与大学生为参与主体的突发公共卫生事件下高校封闭管理的演化博弈模型,分析演化模型各稳定性条件下的均衡点,结合突发事件的四个演化阶段对均衡结果进行分析,并运用Matlab仿真模拟各影响因素对参与主体行为的动态演化过程.结果表明:高校封闭管理行为与高校获得的收益、高校封闭管理的成本有很大的关系;封闭管理期间大学生的损失与收益显著影响大学生行为策略选择.     

企业雇佣下残疾人就业行为研究——基于就业促进政策的演化博弈分析

融合就业是残疾人可持续发展的关键途径。基于演化博弈理论和残疾人就业促进政策,建立残疾人与用人单位(企业)行为交互过程的动态演化模型,用数值实验展示了初始条件改变和决策变量不同取值对系统演化结果的影响。研究发现,残疾人就业行为路径演化系统收敛于良好状态和“锁定”状态两种模式;调控模型中的参数收敛于不同模式的概率发生显著变化或变化不明显,揭示了现实中残疾人就业治理效果不理想的深层次原因;通过提高残疾人的工资待遇、心理收益、为企业创造的价值,减少残疾人的社会补助与就业付出的人力和社会资本,增加残疾人就业法定比例、企业雇佣残疾人的声誉收益、增值税退税优惠(企业符合退税条件)与雇佣残疾人数量,减少企业支持残疾人的就业投入等均能使系统演化到良好状态的概率增加。这为制定灵活有效的残疾人就业制度、政策与措施提供了较大的操作空间,多元主体协同治理,利益共享,良性互动,以跳出不良“锁定”状态,实现残疾人就业行为良序发展,破解就业难题。     

区块链环境下基于应收账款模式的供应链金融博弈研究

首先梳理了区块链技术的引入对供应链金融应收账款融资方式业务流程的影响,然后运用博弈思想探究融资各主体的均衡选择,对比区块链引入前后博弈各方的收益.研究发现供应链金融融资平台引入区块链后将会降低企业违约的概率、强化各参与主体向博弈的均衡点(合作,守约,守约)靠拢、增加博弈各方的收益,在博弈的均衡点下各方达到了共赢状态.同时,银行适当提高放贷率的行为会增加供应链上的总收益.     

New results on the parametric stability of nonlinear systems

In this paper, we derive some new results on the parametric stability of nonlinear systems. Explicitly, we derive a necessary and sufficient condition for a nonlinear system to be locally parametrically exponentially stable at an equilibrium point. We also derive a necessary condition for the nonlinear system to be locally parametrically asymptotically stable at an equilibrium point. Next, we derive some new results on the parametric stability of discrete-time nonlinear systems. As in the continuous case, we derive a necessary and sufficient condition for a discrete-time nonlinear system to be locally parametrically exponentially stable at an equilibrium point. We also derive a necessary condition for the discrete-time nonlinear system to be locally parametrically asymptotically stable at an equilibrium point. We illustrate our results with some classical examples from the bifurcation theory.     

Existence of traveling waves associated with Lax shocks which violate Oleinik’s entropy criterion

This paper answers to the question whether a shock wave in conservation laws satisfying the Lax shock inequalities but not Oleinik’s entropy criterion is admissible under the vanishing viscosity-capillarity effects. Such a shock appears in van der Waals fluids when a secant line meets the graph of the flux function at four distinct points, and the shock jumps between the two farthest points. The existence of the corresponding traveling waves would justify the admissibility of the shock. For this purpose, we will first show that the corresponding traveling waves satisfy a system of differential equations with two saddle points and two asymptotically stable points. Second, we estimate the domains of attraction of the asymptotically stable equilibrium points, relying on Lyapunov’s stability theory. Third, we investigate the circumstances when an unstable trajectory leaving the saddle point corresponding to the left-hand state of the shock will ever enter the domain of attraction of each of the two asymptotically stable equilibrium points. Finally, we establish the existence of traveling waves associated with a Lax shock but violating the Oleinik’s entropy criterion.     

发汗冷却系统的控制及其特性

本文给出热层三维发汗冷却控制系统的数学模型。在一般情况下，它是一个可变域上分布参数和集中参数混合的非线性控制系统。本文指出：在冷却剂渗流是一维不可压缩的（或一维定常见的）条件下，热层的传热和烧蚀问题可以单独求解。针对热防护层的表面烧蚀问题，本文讨论了系统控制方案，阐明简化的条件，研究了一维发汗冷却系统点控制的特性，给出了冷却剂无相变和有相变两种情形的平衡状态解。     

BISTAB: A portable bifurcation and stability analysis package

A portable bifurcation and stability analysis package, called BISTAB, is described. The package is written in FORTRAN V and can follow the connected set of equilibrium curves for a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations in the state × parameter space by varying a bifurcation parameter. The curves are traced from an initial point with the continuation method of Kubicek, and the tangent method of Keller is used to find initial points on bifurcating curves near simple bifurcation points. Linearized stability analysis, location of Hopf bifurcation points, and sorting of points for plotting are also supported. While the package contains no new numerical methods, the lack of a requirement for any derivative information higher than the Jacobian makes BISTAB computationally efficient and useful for applied problems where nonnumerical bifurcation analysis may be difficult.     

Stability of equilibrium solutions of Hamiltonian systems with n-degrees of freedom and single resonance in the critical case

In this paper we give new results for the stability of one equilibrium solution of an autonomous analytic Hamiltonian system in a neighborhood of the equilibrium point with n-degrees of freedom. Our Main Theorem generalizes several results existing in the literature and mainly we give information in the critical cases (i.e., the condition of stability and instability is not fulfilled). In particular, our Main Theorem provides necessary and sufficient conditions for stability of the equilibrium solutions under the existence of a single resonance. Using analogous tools used in the Main Theorem for the critical case, we study the stability or instability of degenerate equilibrium points in Hamiltonian systems with one degree of freedom. We apply our results to the stability of Hamiltonians of the type of cosmological models as in planar as in the spatial case.     

Nonlinear measure approach for the robust exponential stability analysis of interval inertial Cohen–Grossberg neural networks

This article is concerned with the existence and robust stability of an equilibrium point that related to interval inertial Cohen–Grossberg neural networks. Such condition requires the existence of an equilibrium point to a given system, so the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium point are emerged via nonlinear measure method. Furthermore, with the help of Halanay inequality lemma, differential mean value theorem as well as inequality technique, several sufficient criteria are derived to ascertain the robust stability of the equilibrium point for the addressed system. The results obtained in this article will be shown to be new and they can be considered alternative results to previously results. Finally, the effectiveness and computational issues of the two models for the analysis are discussed by two examples. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 459–469, 2016     

高端装备制造企业组织创新演化机制研究——基于混沌理论

以演化视角分析高端装备制造企业组织创新类型和创新演化过程,并基于种群竞争模型,构建企业组织创新演化模型,通过分析模型平衡点稳定性及其演化趋势,发现当创新演化初始点出现在进入鞍点轨线附近时,其微小变化将导致最终演化状态的巨大差别。应用Lyapunov指数法判定高端装备制造企业组织创新演化的混沌性,运用创新演化模型模拟企业组织创新混沌演化过程并分析创新混沌演化规律。研究结果表明:①渐进式创新和激进式创新之间较强的竞争效应是企业组织创新演化进入混沌的一般条件;②鞍点是企业组织创新混沌演化的转折点,在进入鞍点轨线的影响域中,创新演化轨道的断裂位置和跃迁方向敏感依赖于初始条件;③环境变化对激进式创新的压力会增强创新演化的混沌性。     

A note on the perfectness concept and the information structures of games

We consider stability of equilibrium points against slight perturbations on the information structures of games from the viewpoint of Selten's concept of perfectness. We give an example in which equilibrium points are not necessarily stable, and provide sufficient conditions for stability. We also point out the difference between our stability and that of Selten's perfect equilibrium point.     

一类网络速率控制和路由联合算法的稳定性

近年来,动态多路径路由下网络速率控制的研究受到广泛关注.本文提出了一个新的速率控制和多路径路由联合的算法,该算法的特点是具有唯一的平衡点.利用传统的Lyapunov方法,我们证明算法在没有传播时延情形下的全局稳定性.而且,更为重要的是,即使考虑传播时延,在一定的条件下,该算法是局部稳定的.在平衡点处,每条路由上的速率非零.这一事实不但去掉了Kelly F P,Voice T(2005)结果中内部平衡点的假设条件,而且也可以理解为一种探测机制.我们通过仿真证实了算法的正确性,同时仿真结果也表明局部稳定性的吸引域可以很大,甚至是全局稳定的.