制造商主导下的CLSC物流策略和供应链稳定性

针对制造商主导的闭环供应链系统,考虑物流策略对系统的影响,运用博弈论理论,分析了物流外包和物流自营时制造商和零售商的定价策略、物流策略以及供应链稳定性.分析发现,无论是物流自营还是物流外包,随着补贴的增大,批发价格的单位变动率和单位再制造节约成本的单位变动率相等,但是方向相反.关于物流策略,无论补贴高低,只要fg1或者fg~21,则制造商和零售商在物流策略选择上始终一致,供应链具有长期稳定性.但若fg1fg~2,则制造商和零售商在物流选择上产生分歧,供应链具有不稳定性.     

供应链物流合作伙伴选择的多层次灰色评价方法

为了获得高效的供应链体系，物流业务外包已成为制造企业增加竞争力最重要和最有效的战略手段之一。本文研究了物流外包中的物流合作伙伴选择问题。基于制造商与物流供应商长期合作的伙伴关系，从成本、服务质量、合作稳定性以及综合实力四个方面设计了物流合作伙伴评价指标体系。针对主观的评价指标体系，建立了灰色评价与层次分析法相结合的多层次灰色评价模型，并进行了算例研究。     

基于存货质押融资的联盟式银行职能外包最优决策研究

本文将外包思想引入存货质押融资业务中,从供应链的角度分析银行、物流企业和中小企业之间的关系。文中提出了三种外包模式,着重分析了单阶段情况下链状联盟模式的最优化问题,并证明了其解的存在性。最后比较了直接信息和非直接信息情况下银行和物流企业联盟单位产品收益的大小。     

物流服务供应商联盟构建及分析

在分析供应链环境下物流服务运作的基础上,建立了信息对称情况下物流服务供应商分散控制和集中控制策略模型,并从物流服务联盟的总体产出效果和物流服务联盟对盟员利润的影响两个方面对其进行了定量分析,结果表明,建立物流服务联盟有利于增加联盟产出,抑制竞争对手的产出;如果物流服务企业之间有增加合作利润的需要,则都有建立联盟的积极性.最后对物流服务联盟的实现机理进行了分析.     

链与链竞争下闭环供应链中制造商纵向整合策略选择

基于链与链竞争情形下,探讨了闭环供应链中制造商纵向整合策略选择。以制造商单位生产成本为基准,发现制造商不仅有动机整合正向物流或逆向物流,而且整合正向物流总是有利于增加其闭环供应链利润。若存在规模不经济,虽然制造商同样有动机整合正向物流或逆向物流,但是整合正向物流时闭环供应链利润是否高于其整合逆向物流取决于规模不经济系数。规模不经济系数较小时,制造商整合正向物流时闭环供应链利润高于其整合逆向物流;反之,制造商整合正向物流时闭环供应链利润低于其整合逆向物流。     

基于供应链群体决策的物流服务集成商评估选择研究

物流服务的集成已经成为供应链之间进行竞争的主要优势来源之一,因此评估选择出使供应链上所有企业都感到满意的物流服务集成商至关重要.为此首先描述了物流服务集成的群体决策流程,随后建立了物流服务集成商的评估指标体系,从整条供应链的角度构建了基于层次分析法和多目标规划模型的群体决策方法,最后通过实例说明了利用该方法进行评估选择的具体过程.     

基于AHP的化工物流服务供应商选择研究

随着核心竞争力理论以及供应链理论在石油化工行业的应用,越来越多的石化企业倾向于外包本企业的非核心业务,比如说物流服务.尽管石化企业希望外包自己的物流服务,但在选择合适的物流服务供应商方面,却遇到了困难,由于没有合适的选择模型,大部分石化企业在选择物流服务供应商的过程中还沿袭传统采购的经验,价格作为主要选择指标,然而对于服务采购,由于采购对象的特殊性,采用传统采购方法很难找到合适的供应商.在此背景下,在研究化工物流特征的基础上,提出化工物流服务供应商评估指标,并运用层次分析法和专家打分结合的方法构建了化工物流服务供应商的评估体系,最后通过案例,检验新方法的有效性.研究成果为石化企业选择合适的物流供应商提供了依据.     

区块链交易环境下中小微物流企业信用寻租约束机制研究

中小微物流企业因其自身信用不足,往往存在融资难、贵等问题,且为了降低融资成本倾向进行信用投机,这些现象直接关系到物流服务供应链信用生态的平衡性和稳定性.鉴于此,文章将核心企业与中小微物流企业交易产生的应收账款作为数字债券凭证,搭建物流服务供应链各级中小微物流企业信用信息流转框架;进一步,基于不完全信息理论构建中小微物流企业信用寻租约束模型,通过对比一般交易环境和区块链交易环境下三级物流服务供应链中不同主体期望收益,实现博弈均衡状态,进一步通过仿真分析验证结论:区块链交易环境能够有效约束一级FLSP的信用寻租投机行为,银行通过“惩罚”因子可以最大程度保障寻租风险下的自身收益,且该环境对于遵循合理交易规则的物流企业具有一定保护机制.文章研究验证了区块链交易环境在物流服务供应链信用信息流转中的有效性,同时为物流服务供应链基于核心企业针对中小微物流企业开展供应链金融相关授信业务提供了支撑.     

公平关切下物流服务供应链质量缺陷承诺策略研究

考虑物流服务供应链中成员的公平关切行为,以Nash讨价还价均衡解作为公平收益参照点,构建Nash讨价还价公平关切下物流服务供应链质量缺陷承诺策略模型,分析和研究公平关切对最优策略、利润和效用的影响。研究结果表明,物流服务质量缺陷承诺水平随着物流服务集成商公平关切系数的增加而减少,却随着物流服务提供商公平关切系数的增加而增加;物流服务订购量随着物流服务集成商公平关切系数的增加而减少,也随着物流服务提供商公平关切系数的增加而减少;当物流服务提供商的公平关切系数增加时,物流服务供应链中各成员的利润和效用以及整体利润和效用都会不断减少;但当物流服务提供商的公平关切程度一定而物流服务集成商的公平关切系数增加时,物流服务供应链中各成员的利润和效用以及整体利润和效用不断提高。     

物流服务水平影响竞争产品需求的协调机制

考虑一个由两个竞争性制造商、一个第三方物流服务商以及一个零售商组成的供应链系统,其中制造商生产的产品互为替代品,产品的物流分销职能由第三方物流服务商承担,并且产品市场需求依赖于第三方物流服务商提供的服务水平.为了有效地激励第三方物流服务商提高服务水平,设计了物流服务成本共担机制,分析了分散式成本共享机制和集中式成本共享机制对供应链绩效以及成员的利润影响.研究结果表明在一定条件下物流服务成本共担机制能有效改进供应链绩效.     

航空业供应品的外包模型分析

外包是近年来研究比较多的一种产业运作模式，本文主要对航空业这个特殊的领域进行研究。从外包的可行性到外包谈判中的利益分配，再到外包实施过程的可执行性进行了分析，得到了航空业供应品外包的一个具体的方案为外包双方提供了一个借鉴。     

基于SPA的人力资源外包风险动态评估

为准确评价人力资源外包过程中的风险程度,在外包风险分析相关研究的基础上,结合人力资源外包实施过程的实际,构建人力资源外包风险评价指标体系,并针对外包风险评价过程的不确定性和动态性,采用集对分析四元联系数和马尔科夫链构建人力资源外包风险评估模型.最后,通过一个实例,证明该方法的有效性.     

Managing risks in information systems outsourcing: An approach to analyzing outsourcing risks and structuring incentive contracts

Information systems outsourcing is now almost standard practice for many companies. Outsourcing the information processing activities is a complex issue that entails considerable implications for the strategy of the firm. An important mechanism for managing the performance of outsourcing vendors is incentive contracts. But to develop an outsourcing contract the IS manager must quantify risks and benefits. However methods and tools for analyzing and quantifying outsourcing risks that IS managers have at their disposal are rudimentary. In this paper we offer a method and some mathematical models for analyzing risks and constructing incentive contracts for IS outsourcing. We are aware that most managers do not like to use mathematical models, consequently we have minimized the technical discussion and have illustrated how this model could be implemented using spreadsheet software for ease of use.     

Making the information systems outsourcing decision: A transaction cost approach to analyzing outsourcing decision problems

During the last several years outsourcing has emerged as a major issue in information systems management. As competitive forces impinge on business firms, senior managers are re-structuring their organizations with an eye on attaining or maintaining competitive advantage. Various strategies to IS outsourcing have emerged, for example, some outsourcers contract with a sole vendor while others contract with several. To date no studies have been done to determine which strategies are appropriate under what conditions. And while some firms have achieved varying degrees of success with any of these strategies, many have encountered significant difficulties. How then are managers to choose from a set of options that which is most appropriate for their firm? Outsourcing problems are complex and entail considerable implications for the strategy of the firm. A wrong decision can result in loss of core competencies and capabilities, and exposure to unexpected risks. Although many articles have appeared on outsourcing, few have extended the discussion beyond simple cost–benefit analysis. In this paper we discuss a transaction cost theory approach to the analysis of outsourcing decision making. Our approach provides managers with a strategy and techniques for analyzing some of the more subtle issues they may face when dealing with complex outsourcing decisions problems.     

基于委托-代理理论的逆向物流外包模式研究

基于委托-代理模型确立了不同的委托-代理组合.实证分析表明,组合不仅可以较好的解释和说明当前国内外几种典型逆向物流外包实践的特点、实施效果及问题,还能据此确定合理的外包发展模式.     

Minimizing due date related measures for a single machine scheduling problem with outsourcing allowed

This paper considers two single-machine scheduling problems with outsourcing allowed where each job can be either processed on an in-house single-machine or outsourced. They include the problem of minimizing maximum lateness and outsourcing costs, and that of minimizing total tardiness and outsourcing costs. Outsourcing is commonly required as a way to improve productivity in various companies including electronics industries and motor industries. The objective is to minimize the weighted sum of the outsourcing cost and the scheduling measure represented by either one of maximum lateness and total tardiness, subject to outsourcing budget. It is proved that the problem is NP-hard. Some solution properties are characterized to derive heuristic algorithms, and also a branch-and-bound algorithm. Numerical experiments are conducted to evaluate performance of the derived algorithms.     

基于实物期权的物流企业能力外购策略

探讨物流企业面临客户需求以及市场物流能力价格的双重不确定环境,物流企业的能力外购策略。通过引入实物期权的思想,构建物流企业能力外购模型,寻找使物流企业期望收益最大的能力预定量。分析表明,最优预定量随着期权价格和期权执行价格的增加而减小。最后,通过算例分析进一步探讨不同期权执行价格对物流企业最优外购策略选择的影响。     

Two-stage stochastic modeling of transportation outsourcing plans for transshipment centers

In this study, we deal with the problem of short-term transportation outsourcing for transshipment centers. The carrier needs to determine the numbers of outsourced and self-run trips for the different types of transportation tasks. Stochastic demands which are likely to occur in actual operation are considered. Different trip numbers need to be determined in sequence, so a two-stage stochastic programming technique is applied to formulate the problem. Two models are developed based upon practical considerations to help determine the optimal transportation outsourcing plan. A case study regarding the operations of a logistics carrier in Taiwan is performed. Several tests are also performed considering the number of demand scenarios, optimality gaps, variations in demands, outsourcing cost variations, and problem dimensions in order to better understand the performance of the two models.