共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Joel A Dietz Yan Li Lisa M Chung Brian S Yandell Cassandra L Schlamp Robert W Nickells 《BMC neuroscience》2008,9(1):74
Background
Intrinsic apoptosis of neuronal somas is one aspect of neurodegenerative diseases that can be influenced by genetic background. Genes that affect this process may act as susceptibility alleles that contribute to the complex genetic nature of these diseases. Retinal ganglion cell death is a defining feature of the chronic and genetically complex neurodegenerative disease glaucoma. Previous studies using an optic nerve crush procedure in inbred mice, showed that ganglion cell resistance to crush was affected by the Mendelian-dominant inheritance of 1–2 predicted loci. To assess this further, we bred and phenotyped a large population of F2 mice derived from a resistant inbred strain (DBA/2J) and a susceptible strain (BALB/cByJ). 相似文献2.
Julia Lindberg Peter Saetre Seiji Nishino Emmanuel Mignot Elena Jazin 《BMC neuroscience》2007,8(1):34
Background
Narcolepsy causes dramatic behavioral alterations in both humans and dogs, with excessive sleepiness and cataplexy triggered by emotional stimuli. Deficiencies in the hypocretin system are well established as the origin of the condition; both from studies in humans who lack the hypocretin ligand (HCRT) and in dogs with a mutation in hypocretin receptor 2 (HCRTR2). However, little is known about molecular alterations downstream of the hypocretin signals. 相似文献3.
Faure K Fujimoto J Shimabukuro DW Ajayi T Shime N Moriyama K Spack EG Wiener-Kronish JP Sawa T 《Journal of immune based therapies and vaccines》2003,1(1):2
Background
The effects of the murine monoclonal anti-PcrV antibody Mab166 on acute lung injury induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa were analyzed in a rat model. 相似文献4.
Li Nan Zhang Su Wen Su Fang Guo Hui Cai Guo Xiao Lu Shi Wen Ya Li Xu Liu Yong Li Wang 《BMC neuroscience》2012,13(1):10
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate whether serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) can modulate Na+/K+ pump in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. 相似文献5.
Background
P2X2 receptor is an ATP-activated ion channel which is widely expressed in the nervous system, and mediates synaptic transmission. 相似文献6.
Salvatore D'Aniello George H Fisher Enza Topo Gabriele Ferrandino Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez Antimo D'Aniello 《BMC neuroscience》2007,8(1):109
Background
NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartic acid) is a widely known agonist for a class of glutamate receptors, the NMDA type. Synthetic NMDA elicits very strong activity for the induction of hypothalamic factors and hypophyseal hormones in mammals. Moreover, endogenous NMDA has been found in rat, where it has a role in the induction of GnRH (Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone) in the hypothalamus, and of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) and PRL (Prolactin) in the pituitary gland. 相似文献7.
Monica Sica Mariangela Martini Carla Viglietti-Panzica GianCarlo Panzica 《BMC neuroscience》2009,10(1):78
Background
Nitric oxide plays an important role in the regulation of male and female sexual behavior in rodents, and the expression of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is influenced by testosterone in the male rat, and by estrogens in the female. We have here quantitatively investigated the distribution of nNOS immunoreactive (ir) neurons in the limbic hypothalamic region of intact female mice sacrificed during different phases of estrous cycle. 相似文献8.
Background
Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity, primarily through N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, may be an important cause of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) death in glaucoma and several other retinal diseases. Bis(7)-tacrine is a noncompetitive NMDA receptors antagonist that can prevent glutamate-induced hippocampal neurons damage. We tested the effects of bis(7)-tacrine against glutamate-induced rat RGCs damage in vitro and in vivo. 相似文献9.
Tiziana Sacco Enrica Boda Eriola Hoxha Riccardo Pizzo Claudia Cagnoli Alfredo Brusco Filippo Tempia 《BMC neuroscience》2010,11(1):55
Background
The m-AAA (ATPases Associated with a variety of cellular Activities) is an evolutionary conserved metalloprotease complex located in the internal mitochondrial membrane. In the mouse, it is a hetero-oligomer variably formed by the Spg7, Afg3l1, and Afg3l2 encoded proteins, or a homo-oligomer formed by either Afg3l1 or Afg3l2. In humans, AFG3L2 and SPG7 genes are conserved, whereas AFG3L1 became a pseudogene. Both AFG3L2 and SPG7 are involved in a neurodegenerative disease, namely the autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia SCA28 and a recessive form of spastic paraplegia, respectively. 相似文献10.
Background
Rag1 (Recombination activation gene-1) mediates genomic rearrangement and is essential for adaptive immunity in vertebrates. This gene is also expressed in the olfactory epithelium, but its function there is unknown. 相似文献11.
Nora A Cavara Angela Orth Gordon Hicking Guiscard Seebohm Michael Hollmann 《BMC neuroscience》2010,11(1):133
Background
Members of the complex N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subfamily of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) conventionally assemble from NR1 and NR2 subunits, the composition of which determines receptor properties. Hallmark features of conventional NMDARs include the requirement for a coagonist, voltage-dependent block by Mg2+, and high permeability for Ca2+. Both Mg2+ sensitivity and Ca2+ permeability are critically dependent on the amino acids at the N and N+1 positions of NR1 and NR2. The recently discovered NR3 subunits feature an unprecedented glycine-arginine combination at those critical sites within the pore. Diheteromers assembled from NR1 and NR3 are not blocked by Mg2+ and are not permeable for Ca2+. 相似文献12.
Background
Epidemiological studies in humans suggest that a decrease in daily sleep duration is associated with reduced lifespan, but this issue remains controversial. Other studies in humans also show that both sleep quantity and sleep quality decrease with age. Drosophila melanogaster is a useful model to study aging and sleep, and inheriting mutations affecting the potassium current Shaker results in flies that sleep less and have a shorter lifespan. However, whether the link between short sleep and reduced longevity exists also in wild-type flies is unknown. Similarly, it is unknown whether such a link depends on sleep amount per se, rather than on other factors such as waking activity. Also, sleep quality has been shown to decrease in old flies, but it remains unclear whether aging-related sleep fragmentation is a generalized phenomenon. 相似文献13.
Background
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are responsible for the transmission of visual signals to the brain. Progressive death of RGCs occurs in glaucoma and several other retinal diseases, which can lead to visual impairment and blindness. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a potent antiangiogenic, neurotrophic and neuroprotective protein that can protect neurons from a variety of pathologic insults. We tested the effects of PEDF on the survival of cultured adult rat RGCs in the presence of glaucoma-like insults, including cytotoxicity induced by glutamate or withdrawal of trophic factors. 相似文献14.
Background
Adrenal chromaffin cells mediate acute responses to stress through the release of epinephrine. Chromaffin cell function is regulated by several receptors, present both in adrenergic (AD) and noradrenergic (NA) cells. Extracellular ATP exerts excitatory and inhibitory actions on chromaffin cells via ionotropic (P2X) and metabotropic (P2Y) receptors. We have taken advantage of the actions of the purinergic agonists ATP and UTP on cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) to determine whether P2X and P2Y receptors might be asymmetrically distributed among AD and NA chromaffin cells. 相似文献15.
Kati S Mönkkönen Juhana M Hakumäki Robert A Hirst Riitta A Miettinen Christopher O'Callaghan Pekka T Männistö Jarmo T Laitinen 《BMC neuroscience》2007,8(1):26
Background
In the CNS, the heterotrimeric G protein Gαi2 is a minor Gα subunit with restricted localization in the ventricular regions including the ependymal cilia. The localization of Gαi2 is conserved in cilia of different tissues, suggesting a particular role in ciliary function. Although studies with Gαi2-knockout mice have provided information on the role of this Gα subunit in peripheral tissues, its role in the CNS is largely unknown. We used intracerebroventricular (icv) antisense administration to clarify the physiological role of Gαi2 in the ventricular system. 相似文献16.
Fei Qi Anna Moiseev Joachim Deubener Alfred Weber 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2011,13(3):1325-1334
Anatase is the low-temperature (300–550 °C) crystalline polymorph of TiO2 and it transforms to rutile upon heating. For applications utilizing the photocatalytic properties of nanoscale anatase at
elevated temperatures (over 600 °C) the issue of phase stabilisation is of major interest. In this study, binary TiO2/SiO2 particles were synthesized by a flame aerosol process with TiCl4 and SiCl4 as precursors. The theoretical Si/Ti ratio was varied in the range of 0.7–1.3 mol/mol. The synthesized TiO2/SiO2 samples were heat treated at 900 and 1,000 °C for 3 h to determine the thermostability of anatase. Pyrogenic TiO2 P25 (from Evonik/Degussa, Germany) widely applied as photocatalyst was used as non-thermostabilized reference material for
comparison of photocatalytic activity of powders. Both the non-calcinated and calcinated powders were characterized by means
of XRD, TEM and BET. Photocatalytic activity was examined with dichloroacetic acid (DCA) chosen as a model compound. It was
found that SiO2 stabilized the material retarding the collapse of catalyst surface area during calcination. The weighted anatase content
of 85% remains completely unchanged even after calcination at 1,000 °C. The presence of SiO2 layer/bridge as spacer between TiO2 particles freezes the grain growth: the average crystallite size increased negligibly from 17 to 18 nm even during the calcination
at 1,000 °C. Due to the stabilizing effect of SiO2 the titania nanoparticles calcinated at 900 and 1,000 °C show significant photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the increase
in photocatalytic activity with calcination temperature indicates that the titania surface becomes more accessible either
due to intensified cracking of the SiO2 layer or due to enhanced transport of SiO2 into the necks thus releasing additional titania surface. 相似文献
17.
Chiara Tognoli Federica Rossi Francesco Di Cola Gabriele Baj Enrico Tongiorgi Genciana Terova Marco Saroglia Giovanni Bernardini Rosalba Gornati 《BMC neuroscience》2010,11(1):4
Background
Stress involves alterations of brain functioning that may precipitate to mood disorders. The neurotrophin Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) has recently been involved in stress-induced adaptation. BDNF is a key regulator of neuronal plasticity and adaptive processes. Regulation of BDNF is complex and may reflect not only stress-specific mechanisms but also hormonal and emotional responses. For this reason we used, as an animal model of stress, a fish whose brain organization is very similar to that of higher vertebrates, but is generally considered free of emotional reactions. 相似文献18.
19.
Background
Early stages in the excitation cascade of Limulus photoreceptors are mediated by activation of Gq by rhodopsin, generation of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate by phospholipase-C and the release of Ca2+. At the end of the cascade, cGMP-gated channels open and generate the depolarizing receptor potential. A major unresolved issue is the intermediate process by which Ca2+ elevation leads to channel opening. 相似文献20.
Stephanie G Jones Elliott M Paletz William H Obermeyer Ciaran T Hannan Ruth M Benca 《BMC neuroscience》2010,11(1):87