一维连续小波变换

1引言小波分析是近年来迅速发展起来的一门新兴学科,小波分析最显著的特征是频域和时域具有良好局部化特性,可以观察函数的任意细节,被誉为数学的显微镜．它不仅理论深刻,且理论与应用的发展交织在一起,它成功地应用于信噪分离、图像编码、图像的边缘检测、数据压缩、计算机视觉中的多分辨率分析等领域．     

基于正弦和余弦函数的小波滤波器的统一解析构造

首次提出用正弦函数和余弦函数解析构造任意长度的紧支集正交小波滤波系数,首先给出了对N＝2k-1时（k个参数）的解析结构,其次给出了N＝2k时正交小波滤波器的统一构造方法,此后验证了著名的Daubechies小波滤波器的构成参数,并验证了一些被广泛的使用的著名小波分析滤波器,所有这些滤波器容易用一组参数直接计算出来,小波滤波器的解析构造使得在应用中动态选择小波基变得极基容易,这一结果必将在小波理论,应用数学及模式识别等领域产生十分重要的作用。     

V-系统的小波函数的数学结构

V-系统是一类有详细数学表达的多小波,它的构造依赖于尺度函数和小波函数.在现有文献中,V-系统的小波函数是通过待定系数法并求解一个非线性方程组得到的.本文用一个全新的方法来构造V-系统的小波函数,基本步骤为:从Legendre多项式和截断单项式出发,通过Gram-Schmidt正交化过程,用递归的方式得到L~2[-1,1]空间的正交函数组,并证明了这个函数组中的部分函数恰是V-系统的小波函数.与现有文献相比,这样得到的任意k次V-小波函数都有明确的数学表达,小波函数的奇偶性非常明确;且任意k次小波函数的存在性得到证明;特别是还给出了高次和低次V-系统的小波函数之间的数学关系.这些工作使得V-系统的数学结构更加清晰,对进一步分析V-系统的数学性质有着重要的理论意义.本文最后给出了一个刻画V-系统特性的简单应用例子,这个例子说明V-系统在分离的群组对象的表达方面,较经典小波更有优势.     

有限元多尺度小波

利用有限元插值和多尺度分析理论构造出了有限元多尺度小波.这些小波函数集许多优良性质于一身,如固定的短支集、高阶的消失矩、半正交性及正则性等.     

小波包变换及代价函数设计综述

小波包是小波理论的重要组成部分,在非平稳信号特征检测和故障诊断中具有广泛的应用。小波包教学是小波分析教学的一个难点,也是一个较容易忽视的知识点。本文分析了小波包理论,归纳总结了小波包目标函数,以及它们适用的领域,并提出了新的目标函数。本文可以对小波包的教学提供一些新的思路。     

具有整数值伸缩矩阵的三维紧框架小波的存在性

引进了三维紧框架小波的概念,它是由框架多分辨分析中子空间X_1中的若干个三维函数Γ~1(y),Γ~2(y),…,Γ~n(y)构成的.研究了对应于三维尺度函数的三维紧框架小波的存在性.运用时频分析方法、滤波器理论、算子理论,给出这n个三维函数生成小波紧框架的充分条件,得到了由一个尺度函数Ψ(y)构造三维紧框架小波的显式公式.     

矩阵伸缩的多元多重向量值小波包的双正交性

1引言 小波分析是二十世纪八十年代中期发展起来的一个数学分枝,其应用涉及自然科学与工程技术的许多领域[1-3].向量值小波从属多小波理论范畴.文献[4]引入向量值小波的概念,讨论了多重向量值双正交小波的存在性及其构造.Bacchelli等[5]证明了多重向量值双正交小波的存在性.文献[6]运用多重向量值双正交小波变换研究海洋涡流现象.     

小波函数值的计算

由于Fourier分析的局限性,小波分析已成为数据压缩、信号分析和图象处理等领域中强有力的工具,小波分析与Fourier分析相比,具有下面两方面的优势:(a)小波分析具有良好的局部性;(b)小波是大多数已知Banach空间的无条件基,而Fourier变换的基函数e~(ikx)仅是L~2(R)空间的无条件基.     

小波紧框架的构造

小波框架理论是小波分析的重要内容之一.本文对于4-带尺度函数,由V1中的l个函数ψ1,ψ2,…,ψl构造小波紧框架.首先给出这个l个函数构成小波紧框架的充分条件.由此给出由4-带尺度函数构造出一个小波紧框架的公式.最后还给出类似于小波的小波紧框架的分解与重构算法.     

单函数(A,Γ)小波的存在性问题

小波分析是除了Fourier分析和Gabor分析以外一种新的时频分析工具．它被应用在信号处理、图像处理以及许多其他领域．小波分析的—个基本问题是什么样的(A,Γ)对,使得存在单函数(A,Γ)小波.本文填补了Ionascu,Yang Wang关于单函数小波存在性问题在二维情形论证中的漏洞.     

Multi-scale B-spline method for 2-D elastic problems

In this paper, quadratic B-spline functions are used for solution of 2-D elastic problems. Because B-spline functions are directly used as basis function, there is no need to use meshes and nodes in function approximation. In order to improve the computational efficiency, different scales are used for sub-domains of entire problem domain in function approximation. The modified variational form and Lagrange multipliers method are used for coupling of different scale in function approximation. Compared with meshless methods and other wavelet based methods, this multi-scale B-spline-based method is simple and easy to work with for numerical analysis. Furthermore, the computational efficiency of the multi-scale method is much higher than that of single scale approach. The numerical examples of 2-D elastic problems indicate that the present method is effective and stable for solving complicated problems.     

Rank-One Approximation of Positive Matrices Based on Methods of Tropical Mathematics

Low-rank matrix approximation finds wide application in the analysis of big data, in recommendation systems on the Internet, for the approximate solution of some equations of mechanics, and in other fields. In this paper, a method for approximating positive matrices by rank-one matrices on the basis of minimization of log-Chebyshev distance is proposed. The problem of approximation reduces to an optimization problem having a compact representation in terms of an idempotent semifield in which the operation of taking the maximum plays the role of addition and which is often referred to as max-algebra. The necessary definitions and preliminary results of tropical mathematics are given, on the basis of which the solution of the original problem is constructed. Using the methods and results of tropical optimization, all positive matrices at which the minimum of approximation error is reached are found in explicit form. A numerical example illustrating the application of the rank-one approximation is considered.     

Ky Fan (1914�C2010), he spent every waking moment thinking about mathematics

This survey article on Dr. Ky Fan summarizes his versatile achievements and fundamental contributions in the fields of topological groups, nonlinear and convex analysis, operator theory, linear algebra and matrix theory, mathematical programming, and approximation theory, etc., and as well reveals Fan’s exemplary mathematical formation opening up the beauty of pure mathematics, with natural conditions, concise statements and elegant proofs. This article contains a brief biography of Dr. Fan and epitomizes his life. He was not only a great mathematician, but also a very serious teacher known to be extremely strict to his students. He loved his motherland and made generous donations for promoting mathematical development in China. He devoted his life to mathematics, continued his research and published papers till 85 years old.     

用于解析函数复分析的共轭边界元法

由2个共轭的实调和函数构建1个复解析函数,其复分析在应用数学和力学领域具有重要的作用.提出了一个加权残数方程组,证明了该方程组为2个共轭函数的域内控制方程、边界条件和边界上Cauchy Riemann(柯西-黎曼)条件的近似解,等效为复解析函数的逼近方程.在离散空间中,由该加权残数方程分别推导出2个位势问题的直接边界积分方程和1个表示Cauchy-Riemann条件的有限差分方程,随后解决了弱奇异线性方程组的求解难题,并提出用Cauchy积分公式求内点值的方法,从而建立了一种用于复分析的常单元共轭边界元法.最后,用3个算例证明了所提出方法适用于域内或域外的幂函数、指数函数或对数函数形式的解析函数,而且其误差与2维位势问题是同等量级的.     

Analytical formulation of meshless local integral equation method

In this paper, the exact forms of integrals in the meshless local boundary integral equation method are derived and implemented for elastostatic problems. A weak form for a set of governing equations with a unit test function or polynomial test functions is transformed into local integral equations. Each node has its own support domain and is surrounded by a local integral domain with different shapes of boundaries. The meshless approximation based on the radial basis function (RBF) is employed for the implementation of displacements. A completed set of closed forms of the local boundary integrals are obtained. As there are no numerical integrations to be carried out the computational time is significantly reduced. Three examples are presented to demonstrate the application of this approach in solid mechanics.     

The Haar Wavelet Analysis of Matrices and Its Applications

It is well known that Fourier analysis or wavelet analysis is a very powerful and useful tool for a function since they convert time-domain problems into frequency-domain problems. Are there similar tools for a matrix? By pairing a matrix to a piecewise function,a Haar-like wavelet is used to set up a similar tool for matrix analyzing, resulting in new methods for matrix approximation and orthogonal decomposition. By using our method, one can approximate a matrix by matrices with different orders. Our method also results in a new matrix orthogonal decomposition, reproducing Haar transformation for matrices with orders of powers of two. The computational complexity of the new orthogonal decomposition is linear. That is, for an m × n matrix, the computational complexity is O(mn). In addition,when the method is applied to k-means clustering, one can obtain that k-means clustering can be equivalently converted to the problem of finding a best approximation solution of a function. In fact, the results in this paper could be applied to any matrix related problems.In addition, one can also employ other wavelet transformations and Fourier transformation to obtain similar results.     

Free vibration and buckling analysis of plates using B-spline wavelet on the interval Mindlin element

A finite element method (FEM) of B-spline wavelet on the interval (BSWI) is used in this paper to solve the free vibration and buckling problems of plates based on Reissner–Mindlin theory. By aid of the high accuracy of B-spline functions approximation for structural analysis, the proposed method could obtain a fast convergence and a satisfying numerical accuracy with fewer degrees of freedoms (DOF). The numerical examples demonstrate that the present BSWI method achieves the high accuracy compared to the exact solution and others existing approaches in the literatures. The BSWI finite element has potential to be used as a numerical method in analysis and design.     

基于服装舒适性的纺织材料设计反问题

纺织材料设计反问题是数学物理反问题的一个新领域,也被称为应用数学与计算数学的一个分支.综述纺织材料设计反问题的来源、数学归结,并基于服装的热湿舒适性、压力舒适性提出了设计反问题,给出了反问题解的定义,综述了求解纺织材料设计反问题的数值算法,列举了若干具有挑战的研究课题.     

樊■——为数学而生,数学乃是他的生命

本文概括与综述樊■先生在拓扑群、非线性与凸分析、不动点理论、算子理论、线性代数与矩阵论、数学规划、逼近论等分支领域的重大学术成就与奠基性贡献,展现樊■在数学上那炉火纯青、出神入化的境界与独特的风格:条件自然,论断凝练,证明优美,应用广泛.     

积分形式非局部本构关系的界带分析方法

基于Hamilton体系研究了Eringen的非局部线弹性本构关系.Eringen的非局部线弹性理论存在积分型和微分型两类本构关系.由于方程的形式简单,目前多采用微分型本构;而积分型本构方程是典型的积分-微分方程,数值求解较为困难.在分析结构力学中提出的界带分析方法,成功求解了时间滞后问题的积分-微分方程.根据分析动力学与分析结构力学的模拟关系,将界带分析方法引入到非局部理论的积分型本构方程,可以实现积分-微分方程的数值求解.通过杆件的振动分析算例验证了该套理论算法的准确性和可行性,也指出了辛体系算法在非局部力学问题中的潜力.