液封坩埚下降法生长非掺杂InP单晶的特性研究

用液封坩埚下降(LE-VB)法沿〈100〉晶向成功地生长了非掺杂InP单晶。LE-VB晶体的4.2K光致发光谱包含束缚于中性浅受主上的激子发光、与Zn受主相关的施主-受主(DA)对发光及其声子伴线、以及与本征缺陷等有关的深能级发光三部分。通过与液封直拉(LEC)生长的籽晶的光致发光谱比较表明,在LE-VB晶体中,束缚于中性浅受主上的激子发光与籽晶中的相差不大;DA对发光的晶格弛豫比籽晶中的小;与本征缺陷等有关的深能级发光强度比籽晶中的弱。晶体的室温光致发光谱仅包含带-带发光,其发光强度形貌测试结果表明,LE-VB晶体的带-带发光强度比LEC籽晶的强。用Huber法对晶片腐蚀的结果表明,在LE-BV晶体中,位错密度仅为LEC籽晶中的三分之一。分析认为,在LE-VB晶体中,本征缺陷和位错等浓度较低,可能是其带-带发光强度比在LEC籽晶中强的物理起因。     

稀土Er离子注入InP晶体中Er发光中心的形成和光激发机制

用离子注入法对ＩｎＰ晶体实现高浓度稀土（ＲＥ）Ｅｒ的掺杂，探索了优质材料的制作规律和条件。在低温（１０－２００Ｋ）测量了光致发光谱（ＰＬ），观测到Ｅｒ的尖锐发光峰，其峰值波长１．５３８μｍ，其发光强度较大；研究了该材料的热退火行为，Ｅｒ发光中心的形成和光激活过程；用Ｒｕｔｈｅｒｆｏｒｄ背散射谱（ＲＢＳ）测量给出了热退火前后注Ｅｒ－ＩｎＰ晶体中Ｅｒ离子浓度的数值及深度分布；并对Ｅｒ发光中心的组成和光     

Ⅱ-Ⅵ族化合物的光致发光

本文综述了宽带隙Ⅱ－Ⅵ族化合物的低温光致发光过程，分析了ＣｄＴｅ，ＺｎＳｅ和ＺｎＴｅ的光致发光谱并总结了这类化合物中束缚激子发光的研究结果．     

聚氧化乙烯表面修饰对ZnO光学性质的影响

利用聚氧化乙烯(PEO)对ZnO表面进行修饰,研究有机包覆对ZnO光学性质的影响。用吸收光谱和光致发光光谱来表征和研究PEO包覆对ZnO纳米粒子光学性质的影响。吸收光谱结果表明随着ZnO薄膜中PEO含量的增加,激子吸收峰逐渐向低能侧方向移动。光致发光光谱是由紫外发射和与氧空位有关的深能级缺陷发光组成,且随着ZnO薄膜中PEO含量的增加,紫外发射与深能级发光强度之比逐渐增大,当ZnO薄膜中的PEO达到最大值时,其比值为31．5,远远大于纯ZnO薄膜的紫外发射与深能级发光强度之比1．04。由此可见,ZnO被PEO包覆后,提高了紫外发光效率,改善了ZnO薄膜的质量。     

Si离子注入对分子束外延Si1-xGex/Si量子阱发光特性的影响

对分子束外延生长带边激子发光的Si_1-xGe_x/Si量子阱结构，通过Si离子自注入和不同温度退火，观测到深能级发光带和带边激子发光的转变.Si离子注入量子阱中并在600℃的低温退火，形成链状或小板式的团簇缺陷，它导致深能级发光带的形成，在850℃的高温退火后重新观测到带边激子发光.这种团簇缺陷的热离化能约为0.1eV，比Si中空穴或填隙原子缺陷的热激活能(约0.05eV)高.这表明早期文献中报道的深能级发光带是由类似的团簇缺陷产生的. 关键词：     

ZnSe：A1深能级的研究

为研究ＺｎＳｅ中的本征缺陷和Ａ１在ＺｎＳｅ中的深能级行为，首先测量了Ｚｎｓｅ单晶体中的深能级，发现只存在Ｅｅ－０．３３ｅＶ一个电子陷阱．然后，通过热扩散的方法，在３００℃～７００℃温度范围内把Ａ１掺杂到ＺｎＳｅ单晶体中，结果发现存在Ｅｅ－０．３３ｅＶ和Ｅｅ－０．７０ｅＶ两个电子陷阱．本文从缺陷化学角度对ＺｎＳｅ中的本征缺陷和Ｅｅ－０．７０ｅＶ深能级的结构及起源进行了讨论．     

Ba^2＋对卤磷酸盐掺Eu^2＋荧光粉辐照特性的影响

在国家同步辐射实验室的时间分辨光谱站（Ｕ１０Ｂ光束线）研究掺杂Ｅｕ２＋的卤磷酸盐：（Ｃａ，Ｓｒ，Ｂａ）５（ＰＯ４）３ＣｌＥｕ２＋样品和（Ｃａ，Ｓｒ）５（ＰＯ４）３ＣｌＥｕ２＋的真空紫外辐照特性、反射光谱．前者在１８５ｎｍ光的激发下，６０分钟内没有观察到明显的发光强度下降；而后者在１８５ｎｍ光的激发下，１５分钟内就可以观察到其４５０ｎｍ发光的明显变化，从强到弱，直至完全消失．测量了两种样品的反射谱（１００ｎｍ至４００ｎｍ），并根据Ｋ－Ｋ关系计算得出的吸收谱，我们认为：由于Ｂａ２＋的加入，改变了晶格对称性，（Ｏ）－色心的能级发生变化，晶体对１８５ｎｍ附近紫外光的吸收明显降低，从而起到了耐１８５ｎｍ辐照的作用     

在Si衬底上异质外延GaAs薄膜变激发强度的近红外光致发光

通过对用ＭＯＣＶＤ（金属有机物化学气相沉积）方法在Ｓｉ衬底上生长的ＧａＡｓ外延薄膜，用不同激发强度下的近红外光致发光研究了液氮温度下峰值能量为１．１３ｅＶ和１．０４ｅＶ两个带谱的发光特性，表明这两个带均属于施主－受主对复合发光。由于发光带中存在着电子－声子耦合，所以应在施主－受主对复合发光能量表示式中计及Ｆｒａｎｋ－Ｃｏｎｄｏｎ位移，从而对复合发光能量表示式进行修正。通过对复合发光带能量随激发强度变化的实验曲线和理论表达式的拟合，确定了峰值为１．１３ｅＶ与１．０４ｅＶ这两个发光带深施主－受主对的束缚能之和分别为０．３００ｅＶ和０．４０１ｅＶ。     

掺铜及掺铝多孔硅的光致发光及其发光机理

分别将特定杂质铜和铝引入多孔硅后，观察到了杂质铜和铝所引起的附加发光带：对于没有掺铜的多孔硅，其光致发光谱只有一个发光带；而掺过铜的多孔硅，其光致发光谱出现两个发光带，其中能量较低的发光带随主发光带而变化。在掺铝多孔硅的光致发光谱中，则出现4个与铝杂质能级有关发光带。我们认为上述与杂质有关的发光带是由截流子在杂质深能级上复合所致。     

InGaAs/GaAs应变量子阱的光谱研究

分别用光致发光谱（PL），光伏谱（PV）及时间分辨谱（TRPL）的方法，测量了应变InGaAs/GaAs单量子阱和多量子阱在不同温度下的光谱，发现单量子阱与多量子阱有不同的光学4性质。多量子阱PL谱发光峰和PV谱激子峰的强度与半高宽都比单量子阱的大，但单量子阱的半高宽随着温度的升高增大很快，这是由激子－声子耦合引起的，通过时间分辨谱研究发现了量子阱子能级之间的跃迁，多量子阱的发光寿命明显比单量子阱的长，我们利用形变势模型对量子阱的能带进行了计算，很好地解释了实验结果。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.