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1.
. . , , : f — ,
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2.
Let H be a real Hilbert space, :H [0, + ] a proper l.s.c., convex function with Lk:={u H; u2 + (u) k} compact for every k > 0, let > 0 be a given constant and . We prove an existence result for strong solutions to a class of functional differential equations of the form
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3.
[0, 1],fL(0,2),
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4.
, , , . ., . — s- , . , s- (,s- ) ; n (T), ¦ l (T)¦¦ 2 (T)¦...0, T:EE .
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5.
R n n- , : RnPRn/ o - . —
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6.
Let áA, B | Am=1, Bn=AtBAB-1=Ar?\langle A, B\,\vert\, A^\mu=1,\, B^\nu=A^t,\, BAB^{-1}=A^\rho\rangle where and are relative prime numbers, t = /s and s = gcd( – 1,), and is the order of modulo . We prove that if (1) = 2, and (2) is embeddable into the multiplicative group of some skew field, then is circular. This means that there is some additive group N on which acts fixed point freely, and |((a)+b)((c)+d)| 2 whenever a,b,c,d N, a0c, are such that (a)+b(c)+d.  相似文献   

7.
We show that the percolation transition for the two-dimensional Ising model is sharp. Namely, we show that for every reciprocal temperature >0, there exists a critical valueh c () of external magnetic fieldh such that the following two statements hold.
(i)  Ifh>h c (), then the percolation probability (i.e., the probability that the origin is in the infinite cluster of + spins) with respect to the Gibbs state ,h for the parameter (,h) is positive.
(ii)  Ifhh c (), then the connectivity function ,h + (0,x) (the probability that the origin is connected by + spins tox with respect to ,h ) decays exponentially as |x|.
We also shows that the percolation probability is continuous in (,h) except on the half line {(, 0); c }.  相似文献   

8.
A pointwise version of the Howard-Bezem notion of hereditary majorization is introduced which has various advantages, and its relation to the usual notion of majorization is discussed. This pointwise majorization of primitive recursive functionals (in the sense of Gödel'sT as well as Kleene/Feferman's) is applied to systems of intuitionistic and classical arithmetic (H andH c) in all finite types with full induction as well as to the corresponding systems with restricted induction andc.
1)  H and are closed under a generalized fan-rule. For a restricted class of formulae this also holds forH c andc.
2)  We give a new and very perspicuous proof that for each one can construct a functional such that is a modulus of uniform continuity for on {1n(nn)}. Such a modulus can also be obtained by majorizing any modulus of pointwise continuity for .
3)  The type structure of all pointwise majorizable set-theoretical functionals of finite type is used to give a short proof that quantifier-free choice with uniqueness (AC!)1,0-qf. is not provable within classical arithmetic in all finite types plus comprehension [given by the schema (C):y 0x (yx=0A(x)) for arbitraryA], dependent -choice and bounded choice. Furthermore separates several -operators.
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9.
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10.
We study formulae to count the number of binary vectors of length n that are linearly independent k at a time where n and k are given positive integers with 1kn. Applications are given to the design of hypercubes and orthogonal arrays, pseudo (t, m, s)-nets and linear codes.  相似文献   

11.
12.
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13.
We consider the nearest particle system which gives birth rate to each vacant interval, concentrated on the interval's midpoint(s). We prove that a critical value for exists and equals one. The proof extends to a large class of nearest particle systems. This paper solves a problem suggested by Liggett (1985).In the following we deal with nearest particle systems { t :t0}. These can be described as particle systems with the following flip rates:
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14.
A 2-periodic continuous real functionf is said to beperiodically monotone if it has the following property: there exist numbert 1t 2t 3t 1+2 such thatf is nonincreasing fort 1t 2 and nondecreasing int 2tt 3. For any 2-periodic, integrable real functiong with 0 2 |g(t|dt) we define
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15.
,
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16.
A=(a ij) i j=1k-o ,a ij . :
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17.
18.
We study the set of subgame perfect equilibria associated with then-person noncooperative bargaining mechanism proposed by Hart and Mas-Colell (1992). Our results pertain to transferable utility games. The set of perfect equilibria depends on the parameter representing the continuation probability, . For general TU games, we characterize the set of payoffs from perfect equilibria for (a) small values of and (b) large values of . For symmetric games a complete characterization for all values of is provided.We are grateful to Andreu Mas-Colell for help and encouragement and to two referees for every helpful comments.  相似文献   

19.