Synthesis,crystal structures and photocatalytic properties of four silver(I) coordination polymers based on semirigid bis(pyrazole) and carboxylic acid co-ligands

Four Ag(I) coordination polymers, formulated as [Ag(L1)(tpa)_0.5] _n (1), {[Ag(L2)(ndc)_0.5]·0.5H₂ndc} _n (2), [Ag(L3)_0.5(ndc)_0.5] _n (3) and {[Ag(L3)]·H₃bptc} _n (4) (L1 = 4,4′-bis(pyrazole-1-ylmethyl)-biphenyl, L2 = 4,4′-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-ylmethyl)-biphenyl, L3 = 1,4-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene, H₂tpa = terephthalic acid, H₂ndc = 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, H₄bptc = 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid), have been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. Complex 1 features the rare binodal (4,4)-connected 2D 4,4L10 topological network with a point symbol of {3²·4.6²·7}₂{3²·6²·7²}. Complex 2 has a folded ladder-like chain structure, which is further extended into a 3D supramolecular network via O–H···O hydrogen bonding and π···π stacking interactions. Complexes 3 and 4 both possess 1D zigzag chain structures. Complex 3 is further extended into a binodal (3,4)-connected network with the point symbol of {4.8⁴·10}{6²·8²}₂ by Ag···O weak interactions, while complex 4 is further connected through O–H···O hydrogen bonding and π···π interactions to afford a 2D supramolecular structure. The photoluminescence spectra and photocatalytic properties of these complexes for degradation of methylene blue and methyl orange are reported.     

Lanthanide contraction effect on the crystal structures of 2D lanthanide coordination polymers based on 2-(trifluoromethyl)-1<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid

A series of new two-dimensional (2D) lanthanide(III) coordination polymers, namely {[Ln₂(μ ₂-HTFMIDC)₃(DMA)₄] · 2H₂O} _n [Ln = Pr (1); Nd (2); Sm (3); Eu (4); H₃TFMIDC = 2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid, DMA = N,N′-dimethylacetamide] for type I and {[Ln₂(μ ₂-HTFMIDC)₃(DMA)₂(H₂O)₂] · DMA} _n [Ln = Eu (5); Gd (6)] for type II, have been successfully prepared under solvothermal conditions and structurally characterized for the first time. Both two types of structures exhibit similar 2D honeycomb-like networks, which are constructed by the linkages of μ ₂-HTFMIDC^2? bis-(bidentate) bridging ligands and Ln(III) metal centers. However, slightly different ABAB stacking fashions of the 2D layers and distinctly different hydrogen bonding interactions between the neighboring 2D layers are observed in crystal structures of type I and type II, which may be attributed to the lanthanide contraction effect. Meanwhile, the solid-state luminescent properties of 4 and 5 have been also investigated.     

Synthesis,spectral and thermal studies on dicarboxylate-bridged palladium(II) coordination polymers. Part II

The synthesis and thermal behavior of the new [Pd(fum)(bipy)] _n ·2nH₂O (1), [Pd(fum)(bpe)] _n ·nH₂O (2) and [Pd(fum)(pz)] _n ·3nH₂O (3) {bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine, bpe = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene and pz = pyrazine} fumarate complexes are described in this work as well their characterization by IR and ¹³C CPMAS NMR spectroscopies. TG curves showed that the compounds released organic ligands and lattice water molecules in the temperature range of 46–491 °C. In all the cases, metallic palladium was identified as the final residue.     

A Tetragonal and an Uncommon Trigonal Dicobalt Paddlewheel Compound

Two dicobalt compounds containing Co–Co bonds with DAniF ligands (DAniF = N,N′-di-p-anisylformamidinate) were synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. One has a typical tetragonal paddlewheel structure, Co₂(DAniF)₄ (1), while the other one has a rare trigonal paddlewheel structure with three formamidinate ligands spanning a low oxidation state in the Co ₂ ³⁺ unit in Co₂(DAniF)₃ (2). The singly bonded Co–Co distance in the Co ₂ ⁴⁺ unit in 1 is 2.3580(16) Å while the Co–Co bond distance in 2 is 2.3773(5) Å. The average torsion angles are 10.46° and 2.34° for 1 and 2, respectively. Compound 1 is diamagnetic but 2 is paramagnetic as shown by the ¹H NMR spectra.     

Structures and enhanced third-order nonlinear optical performance of four complexes investigated by thin film <Emphasis Type="Italic">Z-</Emphasis>scan technique

Four transition metal complexes have been synthesized via hydrothermal reactions, namely, [Zn(1,3-BIB)(CH₃COO)₂]₂ 1, [Cu₂(1,4-BIB)₃(CO₃)₂](1,4-BIB)·10H₂O 2, {[Mn(H₂O)₂(1,2-BIB)₂]Cl₂}_n 3, and {[Mn(1,2-BIB)(1,4-NDC)]₂}_n 4, where 1,n-BIB = 1,n-bis(imidazol-l-yl-methyl)benzene, n = 2, 3, 4 and 1,4-NDC = naphthalene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid. Complex 1 presents a discrete ring-like structure. Complex 2 shows a ladder-like chain structure, while complex 3 has a joint-like chain structure. Complex 4 features a layer structure constructed from [Mn₂(N₄O₈)] clusters. The third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of these complexes in thin films have been investigated by employing the Z-scan technique. Complexes 1–3 exhibit strong third-order NLO reverse-saturable absorption, while 4 shows third-order NLO saturable absorption and a strong self-defocusing effect. The third-order NLO susceptibilities χ ⁽³⁾ of the four complexes were calculated as 2.74 × 10^?9, 12.24 × 10^?9, 42.78 × 10^?9 and 189.32 × 10^?9 esu, respectively. The electronic structures of the complexes were investigated by density functional theory, and the origins of their NLO properties are discussed.     

A New Sandwich Polyoxometalate Constructed from a Zn<Stack><Subscript>6</Subscript><Superscript>12+</Superscript></Stack> Hexagon Cluster Sandwiched by Two B-α-[BiW<Subscript>9</Subscript>O<Subscript>33</Subscript>]<Superscript>9−</Superscript>

A new sandwich polyoxometalate Na₄Zn₂[Zn₂(H₂O)₁₀(ZnCl)₆(B-α- BiW₉O₃₃)₂] · 40.5H₂O (1) has been obtained in aqueous solution and characterized by IR, UV, element analysis, TG and single-crystal X-ray analysis. Polyoxoanion 1 is composed of a Zn ₆ ¹²⁺ hexagon sandwiched by two [BiW₉O₃₃]^9? units, which is firstly observed in tungstobismutate. The crystal data for compound 1: Triclinic, space group P–1, a = 15.426(3) Å, b = 15.467(3) Å, c = 15.526(3) Å, α = 74.24(3)°, β = 64.37(3)°, γ = 60.73(3)°, V = 2905.3(1) ų, Z = 1.     

Zinc(II), nickel(II) and cadmium(II) coordination polymers based on the ligand oxamide <Emphasis Type="Italic">N,N</Emphasis>-bis(4-phthalic acid): synthesis,structural characterization and magnetic properties

Three coordination polymers based on the new ligand oxamide N,N-bis(4-phthalic acid), namely [Zn(L)_0.5-(2,2′-bpy)] _n (1), [Ni₂(2,2′-bpy)₄(µ ²-Ox)]L·3H₂O (2) and [Cd(L)(1,10-phen)] (3) [L = oxamide N,N-bis(4-phthalic acid)], (2,2′-bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine), (1,10-phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), have been solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction: compound 1 is one-dimensional ladder-like coordination polymer, compound 2 exhibits a three-dimensional structure resulting in extensive hydrogen bonds built with the help of lattice water molecules, compound 3 also exhibits a three-dimensional supramolecular structure. All compounds were also characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis; furthermore, the magnetic measurements for 2 reveal antiferromagnetic coupling between the nickel(II) ions.     

Synthesis,crystal structure,and luminescent properties of silver complexes with 2-methylquinoline

The complexes [AgL₂(NO₃)] (I) and [AgL₂(CH₃SO₃)] · H₂O (II) (L is 2-methylquinoline, C₁₀H₉N) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystals of I are monoclinic, space group P2₁/n, a = 9.296(1) Å, b = 13.495(1) Å, c = 14.931(1) Å, β = 95.06(1)°, V = 1865.8(3) ų, ρ_calc = 1.624 g/cm³, Z = 4. Crystals of II are monoclinic, space group P2₁/n, a = 13.147(1) Å, b = 11.767(1) Å, c = 13.814(1) Å, β = 96.06(1)°, V = 2124.3(3) ų, ρ_calc = 1.599 g/cm³, Z = 4. Compounds I and II are composed of discrete complexes of similar structure but with different orientation of the methyl groups of ligand L (trans and cis arrangement, respectively). Both anions, NO ₃ ^- and CH₃SO ₃ ^- function as a chelating weakly bound ligand for the Ag⁺ ion. The presence of water molecules in II is favorable for the formation of dimeric supramolecular moieties between the centrosymmetrically arranged Ag⁺ complexes with 2-methylquinoline. The luminescence spectra of solid complexes I and II showed a bathochromic shift as compared to the spectrum of L in acetonitrile. Complexes I and II have been characterized by ¹H and ¹³C{H} NMR spectra in CD₃CN.     

Coordination assemblies of rigid–flexible 1,3-bis(5-(pyridine-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)propane ligands with MCl<Subscript>2</Subscript> (M = Fe,Co, Cu or Zn): structural diversity and mass spectra

Reactions of the rigid–flexible N-heterocycle 1,3-bis(5-(pyridine-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl) propane (H₂L) with MCl₂ (M = Fe, Co, Cu or Zn) gave coordination complexes, {[Fe ₂ ^III Cl₄(H₂L)₂]·2Cl}·EtOH·H₂O (1), {[Co₃Cl₅(HL)]·H₂O} _n (2), {[Co₄Cl₄(H₂L)₂(H₂O)₄]·[CoCl₄]₂}·H₂O (3), [Cu₂Cl₃(HL)(H₂O)]₆·5H₂O (4), [Cu ₂ ^II Cu^ICl₄(HL)] _n (5), {[Zn₂Cl₂(L)H₂O]·H₂O} _n (6) and [Zn₄Cl₆(HL)₂] (7), which have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analysis reveals that the pyridine triazole ligand attains versatile coordination modes in these complexes. Complexes 1, 3, 4 and 7 consist of 0D clusters with binuclear or tetranuclear units; complex 2 presents a 2D network accompanied by HL^? and chloride bridges; complexes 5 and 6 show 1D chains with [Cu₃] and [Zn₂] subunits. In addition, the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry properties of selected complexes were investigated, revealing the stabilities and structural states of these complexes in solution. These results indicate that H₂L is an excellent multiconnection linker for the construction of diverse coordination complexes.     

Synthesis,crystal structures and fluorescence properties of coordination polymers based on tetrahedral ligands and secondary bidentate linkers

Two coordination polymers, namely {[Co₂L(dpe)₂]·0.42H₂O} (1), and {[Zn₄L₂(dpe)₄]·4H₂O} (2), were solvothermally prepared from a flexible tetrapodal ligand tetrakis[(3-carboxyphenyl)oxamethyl]methane acid (H₄L) and a secondary bidentate linker (E)-1,2-di(pyridin-4-yl)ethane (dpe). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that these compounds possess similar three-dimensional structures, in which the frameworks are constructed from dinuclear SBUs (secondary building units) [M₂(COOR)₄N₄] (M?=?Co or Zn) and tetrahedral L^4? linkers. The overall structures of both compounds can be described as (4, 6)-connected binodal networks, with a Schläfli symbol of {4²5³7}{4²5⁵6⁴7²8²} according to the topological analysis. Compound 2 exhibits strong photoluminescence at room temperature, with a peak at 422 nm (excitation at 370 nm), most probably from an intraligand and/or ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT). The emission of compound 2 was quenched efficiently by Fe³⁺ ion, suggesting that 2 could be used as a fluorescence sensor for Fe³⁺.     

Addition of Pt(IPr) Groupings to Ru<Subscript>5</Subscript> Carbide Gives New Mixed-Metal Pt–Ru Cluster Complexes

The reaction of Pt(IPr)(SnBu ₃ ^t )(H), 1 [IPr = N-heterocylic carbene ligand N,N ′-bis-(2,6-(diisopropyl) phenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene] with Ru₅(μ ₅ -C)(CO)₁₅, 2, in 1.2:1 (and 2.2:1) ratio in benzene solvent at refluxing temperature afforded the octahedral monoplatinum–pentaruthenium cluster complexes PtRu₅(IPr)(CO)₁₅(μ ₆ -C), 3 in 54 % (10 %) yield, PtRu₅(IPr)(CO)₁₄(H)₂(μ ₆ -C), 4 in 6 % (10 %) yield and the diplatinum–pentaruthenium cluster complex Pt₂Ru₅(IPr)₂(CO)₁₅(μ ₆ -C), 5 in 2 % (36 %)yield. Complex 3 readily reacts with H₂ at room temperature to give complex 4. Compound 5 exhibits dynamical activity in solution where the two Pt(IPr) groups are exchanging rapidly. All three compounds were structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of 4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazoniabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane sulfate tetrahydrate

A hydrated salt of 2.2.2-cryptand and sulfuric acid [H₂(Crypt-222)]²⁺ · SO ₄ ^2? · 4H₂O(I) was prepared and studied by X-ray diffraction. The structure of I (space group C2/c, a = 22.823, b = 9.610, c = 26.150 Å, β = 107.71°, Z = 8) was solved by the direct method and refined by full-matrix least-squares in the anisotropic approximation to R = 0.056 for 4032 independent reflections (CAD4 automated diffractometer, λMoK _α radiation). In the structure of I, the 2.2.2-cryptand dication (with approximate C ₂ symmetry) has a rare exo-exo conformation where two H atoms at two N atoms are directed away from the cavity. The tetrahedral SO ₄ ^2? anion is disordered over two orientations. In two water molecules, the H atoms are disordered, while in the other two water molecules all atoms are disordered. The crystal structure of I has an extensive three-dimensional system of ion-ion (intermolecular) hydrogen bonds in which infinite chains of alternating SO ₄ ^2? anions and 2.2.2-dications can be distinguished.     

Solvothermal syntheses,crystal structures,and optical and thermal properties of transition metal selenidostannates

Four organic–inorganic hybrid selenidostannates, namely [H₂en][H₂dien][Fe(dien)₂]₂(Sn₂Se₆)₂ (1), [Fe(dien)₂]₂Sn₂Se₆ (2), [Fe(dien)₂]FeSnSe₄ (3), and [Mn(dien)₂]MnSnSe₄ (4) (en = ethylenediamine; dien = diethylenetriamine), were prepared in different solvents under solvothermal conditions. Complexes 1 and 2 consist of discrete [Sn₂Se₆]^4? and [Fe(dien)₂]²⁺ ions, as well as organic cations [H₂en]²⁺ and [H₂dien]²⁺ in 1. The dimeric [Sn₂Se₆]^4? anion is formed by two SnSe₄ tetrahedra via edge-sharing. Complexes 3 and 4 are composed of one-dimensional polyanions [TMSnSe ₄ ^2? ] _n plus [TM(dien)₂]²⁺ counter cations (TM = Fe, Mn). In the [TMSnSe ₄ ^2? ] _n anionic chain, the TM and Sn atoms are located at the same metal site with a ratio of 0.5/0.5. The TM_1/2Sn_1/2Se₄ tetrahedra are interlinked via edge-sharing, forming the heterometallic [TMSnSe ₄ ^2? ] _n polymeric anion. The [TM(dien)₂]²⁺ cations in 1–2 and 3–4 have u-fac and mer configurations, respectively. In all four crystal structures, the anions and cations are connected into extended structures via weak N–H···Se hydrogen bonds. The band gaps of complexes 1–4 calculated from the solid-state UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra were at 2.58, 2.60, 2.21, and 2.25 eV, respectively. Thermogravimetric analyses show that complex 1 decomposes in three steps, while complexes 2–4 each decompose in one step.     

Synthesis,characterization, and crystal structures of 2D cobalt(II) and nickel(II) coordination polymers containing flexible bis(benzimidazole) ligands

Three coordination polymers, namely {[Ni(L1)(nip)(H₂O)]·2H₂O} _n (1), [Co(L2)(tbip)] _n (2), and {[Co₂(L3)₂(bptc)]·3H₂O} _n (3) (L1 = 1,4-bis(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole)butane, L2 = 1,4-bis(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole)-2-butylene, L3 = 1,3-bis(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole)propane, H₂nip = 5-nitro-isophthalic acid, H₂tbip = 5-tert-butyl-isophthalic acid, H₄bptc = biphenyl-3,3′,4,4′-tetracarboxylic acid), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods as well as by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complexes 1 and 2 both feature a two-dimensional (4,4) layer with (4⁴ × 6²) topology. Complex 3 possesses a uninodal 4-connected 2D htb network. The fluorescence spectra and catalytic properties of the complexes for the degradation of methyl orange by sodium persulfate in a Fenton-like process are reported.     

Directed assembly of cobalt(II) 1-H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid coordination networks by bipyridine and its derivatives: structural versatility,electrochemical properties,and antifungal activity

This paper describes the hydrothermal synthesis, full characterization, and architectural diversity of three intriguingly bioactive cobalt–organic frameworks, namely, 3D [Co(HL ^? )₂(BPY)] _n ·4nH₂O (1), 2D [Co(HL ^? )₂(BPE)] _n (2), and 2D [Co(HL ^? )₂(DPP)] _n (3) coordination polymers, synthesized through a mixed ligand strategy using H ₂ L (1-H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid) as a main structural block and the flexible bipyridine and its derivatives (BPY = 4,4′-bipydine, BPE = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane, DPP = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane) as auxiliary ligand sources. Complexes 1–3 were isolated as air stable and slightly soluble crystalline solids and characterized using elemental analysis, FT-IR, electrochemical technique, thermogravimetric analysis, powder X-ray diffractometer, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The bipyridine derivatives played key roles in defining the structural space group and dimensionality feature of the obtained networks. The abundant H-bonding and π–π stacking interactions in complexes 1–3 gave rise to their intricate metal–organic structures of 3D (1), 2D (2), and 2D (3). In addition, the solutions of complexes 1–3 showed profound antifungal activities against the selected strain of Colletotrichum musae compared with the controlled group using benomyl as a traditional agrochemical fungicide.     

(Dibenzo-18-Crown-6)ammonium bromide tetrahydrofuran solvate: Synthesis and crystal structure

A new compound, (dibenzo-18-crown-6)ammonium bromide tetrahydrofuran solvate [NH₄(Db18C6)]⁺ · Br^? · THF (I), is synthesized and studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystals of compound I are triclinic: a = 8.848 Å, b = 9.696 Å, c = 16.023 Å, α = 73.75°, β = 86.93°, γ = 78.06°, Z = 2, space group P \(\bar 1\). The structure of compound I is solved by a direct method and refined by full-matrix least squares in the anisotropic approximation to R = 0.095 by 5624 independent reflections (CAD-4 automated diffractometer, γMoK _α). The Db18C6 molecule in structure I has a butterfly conformation with approximate symmetry C _2v . The NH ₄ ⁺ cation where three disordered H atoms form hydrogen bonds with all six O atoms of the Db18C6 molecule is situated in the center of the cavity of the eighteen-membered macrocycle of the Db18C6 molecule. One ordered H atom of the NH ₄ ⁺ cation forms a strong hydrogen bond with the Br^? anion.     

Synthesis and structure of M[UO<Subscript>2</Subscript>(C<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript>)(NCS)] · 0.5H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O (M = Rb or Cs)

Single crystals of M[UO₂(C₂O₄)(NCS)] · 0.5H₂O (M = Rb (I) or Cs (II)) have been synthesized and studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. The compounds are isostructural, and their crystals are monoclinic with the space group C2/c, Z = 4, and unit cell parameters: a = 9.0624(5) Å, b = 13.1242(7) Å, c = 8.9204(5) Å, β = 98.897(2)°, R = 0.0226 (I); a = 9.3171(3) Å, b = 13.2987(5) Å, c = 9.1151(3) Å, β = 101.0860(10)°, R = 0.0214 (II). The main structural units of the crystals of I and II are the [[UO₂(C₂O₄)(NCS)]^? chains belonging to the crystal-chemical group AK⁰²M¹ (A = UO ₂ ²⁺ , K⁰² = C₂O ₄ ^2? , M¹ = NCS^? of the uranyl complexes. The uranium-containing chains are joined into a three-dimensional framework through electrostatic interactions with the outer-sphere cations and hydrogen bonds involving the water molecules.     

Crystal structures of two new dinuclear Ag(I) complexes constructed from 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid and N-containing ligands

The reaction of silver 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate with 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP) and 2-amino-5-methylpyridine (AMP) respectively results in the formation of two dinuclear silver(I) complexes: [Ag₂(DAP)₂](BPC)·2H₂O (1) and [Ag₂(BPC)(AMP)₄]·2H₂O (2), where BPC is 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate. The complexes are characterized by elemental analysis and X-ray crystallography. Complex 1 crystallizes in the triclinic system, P-1 space group, a = 8.585(2) Å, b = 8.849(2) Å, c = 9.890(3) Å, α = 107.893(3)°, β = 94.139(3)°, γ = 113.202(3)°, V = 640.9(3) ų, Z = 1. Complex 2 crystallizes in the triclinic system, P-1 space group, a = 11.818(3) Å, b = 13.132(4) Å, c = 13.281(4) Å, α = 92.571(4)°, β = 96.425(3)°, γ = 102.142(4)°, V = 1997.5(10) ų, Z = 2. Complex 1 consists of a macrocyclic dinuclear silver(I) dication, a 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate anion, and two water molecules of crystallization. Each Ag atom is in a linear coordination. Complex 2 consists of a dinuclear silver(I) complex molecule and two water molecules of crystallization. Each Ag atom is in a T-shaped coordination. The Ag...Ag separations are 5.127(2) Å in 1 and 3.172(2) Å in 2.     

A comparative study on in vitro cytotoxicity,cellular uptake,localization and apoptosis-inducing mechanism of two ruthenium(II) complexes

Two ruthenium complexes [Ru(MeIm)₄(bpy)]²⁺ (Ru1, MeIm = 1-methylimidazole, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) and [Ru(Im)₄(bpy)]²⁺ (Ru2, Im = imidazole) with the same PF ₆ ^? counter-ion but different lipophilicities were synthesized and characterized and as potent anticancer agents. The relationships between cellular uptake, localization and molecular action mechanisms of these complexes were elucidated. The results showed that Ru1 with higher logP_o/w exhibited faster cellular uptake rates, but lower anticancer activity than Ru2. In addition, Ru1 predominantly accumulated in the mitochondria and cytoplasm, and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, whereas the more hydrophilic Ru2 tended to localize and accumulate in the cell nucleus and mitochondria. Further mechanism studies indicated that Ru2 caused cell cycle arrest at S phase by regulating cell cycle related proteins and induced apoptosis in A549 cells through DNA damage, cellular ROS accumulation, activation of the caspase pathway and mitochondrial dysfunction.     

Two New One-Dimensional Chain-Like Compounds Constructed from the Sandwich-Type Polyoxotungstate Clusters

Two new one-dimensional chain-like compounds, K₄Na₄[Mn₂(H₂O)₈Mn₄(H₂O)₂(GeW₉O₃₄)₂] · 20.5H₂O (1) and K₂Na₄Cu₂(H₂O)₁₂[Cu(H₂O)₂Cu₄(H₂O)₂(SiW₉O₃₄)₂] · 15H₂O (2), constructed from the sandwich-type clusters, have been obtained by the routine synthetic reactions in aqueous solutions, and their structures were determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. The crystal data is following: for 1, space group, monoclinic, P _21/n, a = 16.693(3) Å, b = 14.935(3) Å, c = 20.090(4) Å, β = 92.23(3)°, V = 5004.7(17) ų, Z = 2; For 2, space group, triclinic, P _?1, a = 11.744(2) Å, b = 13.415(3) Å, c = 17.609(4) Å, α = 73.08(3)°, β = 82.68(3)°, γ = 65.18(3)°, V = 2409.1(8) ų, Z = 1. The crystal structure of 1 shows a 1D ladder-like chain, built up of the sandwich anions [Mn₄(H₂O)₂(GeW₉O₃₄)₂]^12? and the Mn²⁺ ions. Compound 2 is a polymeric chain, composed of the Cu-substituted sandwich-type anions [Cu₄(H₂O)₂(SiW₉O₃₄)₂]^12? linked by the Cu(H₂O)₄ clusters. These extended materials based on the sandwich-type polyoxoanions are rarely reported in the POM chemistry.